南京小龙湾自锚式悬索桥荷载试验
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摘要
为判断南京小龙湾自锚式悬索桥的实际承载力,评价桥梁使用阶段受力性能,保证桥梁正常使用,开展现场静荷载试验,测试静载试验下主缆的竖向变形及内力增量、加劲梁的竖向变形、吊杆索力增量、加劲梁各截面应力及桥塔塔底应力增量、桥塔塔顶纵向偏位等静力参数;测试动载试验下桥梁的动力特性及动力响应。静载试验结果表明,理论计算值与静载试验结果基本一致,理论分析模型很好地反映了实际桥梁的受力特性,静载试验后结构残余变形较小,在设计可变作用下结构处于弹性受力状态,说明南京小龙湾自锚式悬索桥实际受力状况较好,主体结构具备足够的强度和刚度;动载试验结果表明桥梁动力特性良好,桥面平整度对车辆冲击效应影响较大,桥梁运营阶段应加强养护工作,保证桥面平顺,减少车辆冲击效应。
There are great differences in mechanic properties between self-anchored and earth-anchored suspensionbridge. The stress condition of self-anchored suspension bridge is more complex, however, the mechanism of which isstill unclear at present. The load test is the most direct and effective way to evaluate the performance and operation statusof the bridge. However, the load test of self-anchored suspension bridge is less studied. Nanjing Xiaolongwan bridge is aself-anchored concrete suspension bridge with two-tower, two-main cable plane. The span layout of bridge is(44+96+44) m, and there are 33 couples of vertical hangers, including 19 ones on the main span and 7 ones on each side span.To ensure the normal use of Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge, a load test was conducted for evalua-ting actual carrying capacity and mechanical behavior in serviceable state. Deformation of stiffening girder, longitudinaldisplacement of bridge tower top, force increment of hanger and main cable, section stress of stiffening girder and bridgetower were tested under static load conditions while dynamic characteristic and its response were tested under live loadones. Results of static load test indicated that the theoretical values generally matched with the values of static load test.Testing coefficients were lower than 1 0, which was between 0 80 and 1 00. The mechanical characteristics of actualbridge can be reflected well by the theoretical analysis model, and the small residual deformation after load static testand the elastic stress state under the live load indicated the Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge had e-nough stiffness and strength to conform to the requirements of design loading grade. The results of live load test indicatedthat Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge had good dynamic characteristics. The impact factors weresmall and not more than 0 03 while the vehicles were normal driving. However, the impact factors were increased sharplyto 0 29-0 41 when the vehicles were very fast and the bridge deck was defective. The bridge deck roughness affectedsignificantly the vehicle impact effects. The maintenance of bridge will be strengthened to ensure that the bridge deck issmooth, reducing vehicle impact effects.
There are great differences in mechanic properties between self-anchored and earth-anchored suspensionbridge. The stress condition of self-anchored suspension bridge is more complex, however, the mechanism of which isstill unclear at present. The load test is the most direct and effective way to evaluate the performance and operation statusof the bridge. However, the load test of self-anchored suspension bridge is less studied. Nanjing Xiaolongwan bridge is aself-anchored concrete suspension bridge with two-tower, two-main cable plane. The span layout of bridge is(44+96+44) m, and there are 33 couples of vertical hangers, including 19 ones on the main span and 7 ones on each side span.To ensure the normal use of Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge, a load test was conducted for evalua-ting actual carrying capacity and mechanical behavior in serviceable state. Deformation of stiffening girder, longitudinaldisplacement of bridge tower top, force increment of hanger and main cable, section stress of stiffening girder and bridgetower were tested under static load conditions while dynamic characteristic and its response were tested under live loadones. Results of static load test indicated that the theoretical values generally matched with the values of static load test.Testing coefficients were lower than 1 0, which was between 0 80 and 1 00. The mechanical characteristics of actualbridge can be reflected well by the theoretical analysis model, and the small residual deformation after load static testand the elastic stress state under the live load indicated the Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge had e-nough stiffness and strength to conform to the requirements of design loading grade. The results of live load test indicatedthat Nanjing Xiaolongwan self-anchored suspension bridge had good dynamic characteristics. The impact factors weresmall and not more than 0 03 while the vehicles were normal driving. However, the impact factors were increased sharplyto 0 29-0 41 when the vehicles were very fast and the bridge deck was defective. The bridge deck roughness affectedsignificantly the vehicle impact effects. The maintenance of bridge will be strengthened to ensure that the bridge deck issmooth, reducing vehicle impact effects.
引文
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[8]郭霖华,端茂军,刘贝.南京小龙湾大桥荷载试验方案设计与分析[J].南京工程学院学报(自然科学版),2013,11(3):17-22.Guo L H,Duan M J,Liu B.Design and analysis of loading testson Nanjing Xiaolongwan Bridge[J].Journal of Nanjing Instituteof Technology(Natural Science Edition),2013,11(3):17-22.
[9]柯红军,李传习,刘建.平胜大桥自锚式悬索桥静载试验与评价[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(2):53-59.Ke H J,Li C X,Liu J.Static loading test and assessment ofPingsheng self-anchored suspension bridge[J].Journal ofHighway and Transportation Research and Development,2009(2):53-59.
[10]刘铁林,孙长龙,刘泓,等.自锚式悬索桥有限元分析模型建立及静载试验分析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2010,26(6):1033-1038.Liu T L,Sun C L,Liu H,et al.Construction of finite elementmodel for a self-anchored suspension bridge and analysis of staticload test[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(NaturalScience),2010,26(6):1033-1038.
[11]孙长龙.自锚式悬索桥静载试验和动力特性预测[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2011.Sun C L.Predictions of static load test and dynamiccharacteristics of a self-anchored suspension bridge[D].Shen-yang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2011.
[12]周海俊,吴永昌,谭也平,等.桥梁荷载试验研究综述[J].中外公路,2008,28(4):164-166.
[13]张丽芳,艾军,陈建兵,等.桥梁动载试验及其有限元简化模拟研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2013,37(2):250-253.Zhang L F,Ai J,Chen J B,et al.Research on bridge dynamicload test and its finite simplified simulation[J].Journal of WuhanUniversity of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2013,37(2):250-253.
[14]项贻强,朱磊,郑江敏,等.自锚式悬索桥静动力分析及其试验研究[J].公路工程,2010,35(2):57-61.Xiang Y Q,Zhu L,Zheng J M,et al.Spatial analysis of self-an-chored suspension bridge and static load test[J].Highway Engi-neering,2010,35(2):57-61.
[15]任东华,唐英.自锚式悬索桥动力特性分析与试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2013(10):1-4.Ren D H,Tang Y.Analysis of dynamic performance of self-an-choring type suspension bridge and its test study[J].Railway En-gineering,2013(10):1-4.
[2]龙飞,许福友,张哲.自锚式悬索桥的特点及工程应用[J].中外公路,2010,30(5):131-136.
[3]薛雄,高宝峰.贵港市同济大桥自锚式悬索桥总体设计[J].世界桥梁,2016,44(1):10-14.Xue X,Gao B F.Overall design of self-anchored suspensionbridge of Tongji Bridge in Guigang City[J].World Bridge,2016,44(1):10-14.
[4]李建慧,李爱群,郑水清,等.南京江心洲大桥结构设计和施工监控[J].公路,2009(12):16-20.Li J H,Li A Q,Zheng S Q,et al.Structure design and construc-tion control of Jiangxinzhou self-anchored suspension bridge inNanjing City[J].Highway,2009(12):16-20.
[5]谌润水,刘群安.公路桥梁荷载试验的作用与基本原则[J].公路交通科技,2006(5):5-8.
[6]田志勇,唐茂林,蒲黔辉.宁波庆丰桥静、动载试验研究[J].桥梁建设,2012,42(5):31-36.Tian Z Y,Tang M L,Pu Q H.Study of static and dynamic loadtests of Qingfeng Bridge in Ningbo[J].Bridge Construction,2012,42(5):31-36.
[7]刘安兴,贾丽君,蔡骏乐.刚性自锚式悬索桥成桥荷载试验研究[J].中外公路,2013,33(3):167-171.
[8]郭霖华,端茂军,刘贝.南京小龙湾大桥荷载试验方案设计与分析[J].南京工程学院学报(自然科学版),2013,11(3):17-22.Guo L H,Duan M J,Liu B.Design and analysis of loading testson Nanjing Xiaolongwan Bridge[J].Journal of Nanjing Instituteof Technology(Natural Science Edition),2013,11(3):17-22.
[9]柯红军,李传习,刘建.平胜大桥自锚式悬索桥静载试验与评价[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(2):53-59.Ke H J,Li C X,Liu J.Static loading test and assessment ofPingsheng self-anchored suspension bridge[J].Journal ofHighway and Transportation Research and Development,2009(2):53-59.
[10]刘铁林,孙长龙,刘泓,等.自锚式悬索桥有限元分析模型建立及静载试验分析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2010,26(6):1033-1038.Liu T L,Sun C L,Liu H,et al.Construction of finite elementmodel for a self-anchored suspension bridge and analysis of staticload test[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(NaturalScience),2010,26(6):1033-1038.
[11]孙长龙.自锚式悬索桥静载试验和动力特性预测[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2011.Sun C L.Predictions of static load test and dynamiccharacteristics of a self-anchored suspension bridge[D].Shen-yang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2011.
[12]周海俊,吴永昌,谭也平,等.桥梁荷载试验研究综述[J].中外公路,2008,28(4):164-166.
[13]张丽芳,艾军,陈建兵,等.桥梁动载试验及其有限元简化模拟研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2013,37(2):250-253.Zhang L F,Ai J,Chen J B,et al.Research on bridge dynamicload test and its finite simplified simulation[J].Journal of WuhanUniversity of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2013,37(2):250-253.
[14]项贻强,朱磊,郑江敏,等.自锚式悬索桥静动力分析及其试验研究[J].公路工程,2010,35(2):57-61.Xiang Y Q,Zhu L,Zheng J M,et al.Spatial analysis of self-an-chored suspension bridge and static load test[J].Highway Engi-neering,2010,35(2):57-61.
[15]任东华,唐英.自锚式悬索桥动力特性分析与试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2013(10):1-4.Ren D H,Tang Y.Analysis of dynamic performance of self-an-choring type suspension bridge and its test study[J].Railway En-gineering,2013(10):1-4.