硬脂酸/十八醇/乙酸钠复合相变材料蓄/放热性能
|
摘要
首次将无机相变材料乙酸钠和混合有机相变材料(硬脂酸和十八醇)复合,获得三元复合相变材料。有机和无机相变材料复合可有效解决无机相变材料在相变过程中存在相分离、过冷度大和有机相变材料热导率低的缺点。利用同心套管蓄/放热实验台测试了乙酸钠/硬脂酸/十八醇三元复合相变材料的蓄/放热性能,分析了流体流量及温度对相变材料蓄/放热过程的影响,并结合Fluent数值模拟和实验结果分析了相变过程中相界面的移动规律。研究结果表明,三元复合相变材料在蓄热过程中自然对流起主导作用,放热过程中导热起主导作用,蓄热所需时间小于放热所需时间。蓄热过程中,相变材料的上部相界面横向移动明显快于下部;放热过程中,相变材料的上、下部相界面均匀地径向移动。
Ternary composite phase change material is prepared from sodium acetate, stearic acid and stearyl alcohol. Composite material could effectively reduce the phase separation and supercooling degree of inorganic phase change material and improve the thermal conductivity of organic phase change material. The performance of charging and discharging of the ternary composite phase charge material with sodium acetate, stearic acid and stearyl alcohol is investigated in a double-pipe heat exchanger. The effect of the temperature and flow of hot water on the process of heat charge and discharge is studied. The movement of phase interface is also analyzed, based on the results of CFD numerical simulation and experiment. The experimental results show that natural convection is the dominant way of heat transfer during the heat charge, but heat conduction plays the leading role during the heat discharge. The time required for heat charge is less than that for heat discharge. The upper phase interface of the phase change material moves significantly faster than the lower one during the heat charge process, while both the upper and the lower phase interfaces uniformly moves in the radial direction during the heat discharge process.
Ternary composite phase change material is prepared from sodium acetate, stearic acid and stearyl alcohol. Composite material could effectively reduce the phase separation and supercooling degree of inorganic phase change material and improve the thermal conductivity of organic phase change material. The performance of charging and discharging of the ternary composite phase charge material with sodium acetate, stearic acid and stearyl alcohol is investigated in a double-pipe heat exchanger. The effect of the temperature and flow of hot water on the process of heat charge and discharge is studied. The movement of phase interface is also analyzed, based on the results of CFD numerical simulation and experiment. The experimental results show that natural convection is the dominant way of heat transfer during the heat charge, but heat conduction plays the leading role during the heat discharge. The time required for heat charge is less than that for heat discharge. The upper phase interface of the phase change material moves significantly faster than the lower one during the heat charge process, while both the upper and the lower phase interfaces uniformly moves in the radial direction during the heat discharge process.
引文
[1]朱传辉,李保国.相变蓄热材料应用于太阳能采暖的研究现状[J].中国材料进展, 2017, 36(3):236-240.ZHU Chuanhui, LI Baoguo. Research status of phase change thermal storage material[J]. Materials China, 2017, 36(3):236-240.
[2]苑坤杰,张正国,方晓明,等.水合无机盐及其复合相变储热材料的研究进展[J].化工进展, 2016, 35(6):1820-1826.YUAN Kunjie, ZHANG Zhengguo, FANG Xiaoming, et al. Research progress of inorganic hydrate salts and their phase change heat storage composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(6):1820-1826.
[3]于永生,井强山,孙雅倩.低温相变储能材料研究进展[J].化工进展, 2010, 29(5):896-900, 913.YU Yongsheng, JING Qiangshan, SUN Yaqian. Progress in studies of low temperature phase-change energy storage materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2010, 29(5):896-900, 913.
[4]黄雪,崔英德,张步宁,等.脂肪酸类相变材料传热及液相渗漏的研究进展[J].化工进展, 2014, 33(10):2676-2680.HUANG Xue, CUI Yingde, ZHANG Buning, et al. Review on heat transfer and liquid phase leakage of fatty acids phase change materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2014, 33(10):2676-2680.
[5]谢望平,汪南,朱冬生,等.相变材料强化传热研究进展[J].化工进展, 2008, 27(2):190-195.XIE Wangping, WANG Nan, ZHU Dongsheng, et al. Review of heat transfer enhancement of the PCMs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2008, 27(2):190-195.
[6]张鹏,肖鑫,王如竹,等.壳管式潜热蓄能系统换热特性[J].化工学报, 2012, 63(s2):14-20.ZHANG Peng, XIAO Xin, WANG Ruzhu, et al. Heat transfer characteristics of shell-tube latent thermal energy storage system[J].CIESC Journal, 2012, 63(s2):14-20.
[7] YE W B, ZHU D S, WANG N. Numerical simulation on phase-change thermal storage/release in a plate-fin unit[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011, 31(17):3871-3884.
[8] CHEN Z Q, GU M W, PENG D H. Heat transfer performance analysis of a solar flat-plate collector with an integrated metal foam porous structure filled with paraffin[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010,30(14):1967-1973.
[9]刘宇飞,章学来,华维三,等.相变蓄热式集热器蓄放热数值与实验分析[J].太阳能学报, 2017, 38(9):2486-2492.LIU Yufei, ZHANG Xuelai, HUA Weisan, et al. Numerical analysis of heat charge and discharge characteristics of solar collectors integrated with phase change thermal storage[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017, 38(9):2486-2492.
[10]夏莉,张鹏,周圆,等.石蜡与石蜡/膨胀石墨复合材料充/放热性能研究[J].太阳能学报, 2010, 31(5):610-614.XIA Li, ZHANG Peng, ZHOU Yuan, et al. Experimental study on heat pump phase change thermal storage device with the plate-fin[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2010, 31(5):610-614.
[11]宋景慧,马继帅,李方勇,等.季戊四醇与三羟甲基乙烷相变材料蓄热性能研究[J].太阳能学报, 2017, 38(9):2498-2504.SONG Jinghui, MA Jishuai, LI Fangyong, et al. Experimental research of the phase-change heat storage materials pentaerythrotol and trimethylolethane[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2017, 38(9):2498-2504.
[12]胡芃,于晶晶,王向往.棕榈酸/膨胀石墨复合相变材料的制备及性能研究[J].工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(3):464-469.HU Peng, YU Jingjing, WANG Xiangwang. Preparation and thermal performance of palmitic acid/expanded graphite composite phase change materials[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(3):464-469.
[13]朱冬生,徐婷,杨硕,等.管翅式热泵相变储能器的数值模拟[J].流体机械, 2011, 39(6):53-58.ZHU Dongsheng, XU Ting, YANG Shuo, et al. Numerical simulation of fin-tube heat pump with phase change thermal storage[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2011, 39(6):53-58.
[14]朱冬生,叶为标,汪南,等.板翅式热泵相变储热器的实验研究[J].太阳能学报, 2012, 33(6):958-962.ZHU Dongsheng, YE Weibiao, WANG Nan, et al. Experimental study on heat pump phase change thermal storage device with the plate-fin[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2012, 33(6):958-962.
[15]郭少朋,高维,赵军,等.间接式移动蓄热器相变材料熔化凝固实验[J].化工进展, 2015, 34(1):54-60.GUO Shaopeng, GAO Wei, ZHAO Jun, et al. Experimental study on melting and solidification of phase change material in indirect contact mobilized thermal energy storage container[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(1):54-60.
[16]刁彦华,汪顺,赵耀华,等.平板微热管阵列相变蓄热装置蓄/放热性能[J].北京工业大学学报, 2016, 42(10):1552-1559.DIAO Yanhua, WANG Shun, ZHAO Yaohua, et al. Changing/discharging performance of flat micro-heat pipe array thermal storage device[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2016, 42(10):1552-1559.
[17] WU S, FANG G, CHEN Z. Discharging characteristics modeling of cool thermal energy storage system with coil pipes using n-tetradecane as phase change material[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012, 37(5):336-343.
[18] TAY N H S, BRUNO F, BELUSKO M. Comparison of pinned and finned tubes in a phase change thermal energy storage system using CFD[J]. Applied Energy, 2013, 104(2):79-86.
[19] MEDRANO M, YILMAZ M O, NOGUES M, et al. Experimental evaluation of commercial heat exchangers for use as PCM thermal storage systems[J]. Applied Energy, 2009, 86(10):2047-2055.
[20]章熙民,任泽霈,梅飞鸣.传热学[M]. 5版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007:154.ZHANG Ximin, REN Zepei, MEI Feiming. Heat transfer[M]. 5th ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press, 2007:154.
[2]苑坤杰,张正国,方晓明,等.水合无机盐及其复合相变储热材料的研究进展[J].化工进展, 2016, 35(6):1820-1826.YUAN Kunjie, ZHANG Zhengguo, FANG Xiaoming, et al. Research progress of inorganic hydrate salts and their phase change heat storage composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(6):1820-1826.
[3]于永生,井强山,孙雅倩.低温相变储能材料研究进展[J].化工进展, 2010, 29(5):896-900, 913.YU Yongsheng, JING Qiangshan, SUN Yaqian. Progress in studies of low temperature phase-change energy storage materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2010, 29(5):896-900, 913.
[4]黄雪,崔英德,张步宁,等.脂肪酸类相变材料传热及液相渗漏的研究进展[J].化工进展, 2014, 33(10):2676-2680.HUANG Xue, CUI Yingde, ZHANG Buning, et al. Review on heat transfer and liquid phase leakage of fatty acids phase change materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2014, 33(10):2676-2680.
[5]谢望平,汪南,朱冬生,等.相变材料强化传热研究进展[J].化工进展, 2008, 27(2):190-195.XIE Wangping, WANG Nan, ZHU Dongsheng, et al. Review of heat transfer enhancement of the PCMs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2008, 27(2):190-195.
[6]张鹏,肖鑫,王如竹,等.壳管式潜热蓄能系统换热特性[J].化工学报, 2012, 63(s2):14-20.ZHANG Peng, XIAO Xin, WANG Ruzhu, et al. Heat transfer characteristics of shell-tube latent thermal energy storage system[J].CIESC Journal, 2012, 63(s2):14-20.
[7] YE W B, ZHU D S, WANG N. Numerical simulation on phase-change thermal storage/release in a plate-fin unit[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011, 31(17):3871-3884.
[8] CHEN Z Q, GU M W, PENG D H. Heat transfer performance analysis of a solar flat-plate collector with an integrated metal foam porous structure filled with paraffin[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010,30(14):1967-1973.
[9]刘宇飞,章学来,华维三,等.相变蓄热式集热器蓄放热数值与实验分析[J].太阳能学报, 2017, 38(9):2486-2492.LIU Yufei, ZHANG Xuelai, HUA Weisan, et al. Numerical analysis of heat charge and discharge characteristics of solar collectors integrated with phase change thermal storage[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017, 38(9):2486-2492.
[10]夏莉,张鹏,周圆,等.石蜡与石蜡/膨胀石墨复合材料充/放热性能研究[J].太阳能学报, 2010, 31(5):610-614.XIA Li, ZHANG Peng, ZHOU Yuan, et al. Experimental study on heat pump phase change thermal storage device with the plate-fin[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2010, 31(5):610-614.
[11]宋景慧,马继帅,李方勇,等.季戊四醇与三羟甲基乙烷相变材料蓄热性能研究[J].太阳能学报, 2017, 38(9):2498-2504.SONG Jinghui, MA Jishuai, LI Fangyong, et al. Experimental research of the phase-change heat storage materials pentaerythrotol and trimethylolethane[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2017, 38(9):2498-2504.
[12]胡芃,于晶晶,王向往.棕榈酸/膨胀石墨复合相变材料的制备及性能研究[J].工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(3):464-469.HU Peng, YU Jingjing, WANG Xiangwang. Preparation and thermal performance of palmitic acid/expanded graphite composite phase change materials[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(3):464-469.
[13]朱冬生,徐婷,杨硕,等.管翅式热泵相变储能器的数值模拟[J].流体机械, 2011, 39(6):53-58.ZHU Dongsheng, XU Ting, YANG Shuo, et al. Numerical simulation of fin-tube heat pump with phase change thermal storage[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2011, 39(6):53-58.
[14]朱冬生,叶为标,汪南,等.板翅式热泵相变储热器的实验研究[J].太阳能学报, 2012, 33(6):958-962.ZHU Dongsheng, YE Weibiao, WANG Nan, et al. Experimental study on heat pump phase change thermal storage device with the plate-fin[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2012, 33(6):958-962.
[15]郭少朋,高维,赵军,等.间接式移动蓄热器相变材料熔化凝固实验[J].化工进展, 2015, 34(1):54-60.GUO Shaopeng, GAO Wei, ZHAO Jun, et al. Experimental study on melting and solidification of phase change material in indirect contact mobilized thermal energy storage container[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(1):54-60.
[16]刁彦华,汪顺,赵耀华,等.平板微热管阵列相变蓄热装置蓄/放热性能[J].北京工业大学学报, 2016, 42(10):1552-1559.DIAO Yanhua, WANG Shun, ZHAO Yaohua, et al. Changing/discharging performance of flat micro-heat pipe array thermal storage device[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2016, 42(10):1552-1559.
[17] WU S, FANG G, CHEN Z. Discharging characteristics modeling of cool thermal energy storage system with coil pipes using n-tetradecane as phase change material[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012, 37(5):336-343.
[18] TAY N H S, BRUNO F, BELUSKO M. Comparison of pinned and finned tubes in a phase change thermal energy storage system using CFD[J]. Applied Energy, 2013, 104(2):79-86.
[19] MEDRANO M, YILMAZ M O, NOGUES M, et al. Experimental evaluation of commercial heat exchangers for use as PCM thermal storage systems[J]. Applied Energy, 2009, 86(10):2047-2055.
[20]章熙民,任泽霈,梅飞鸣.传热学[M]. 5版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007:154.ZHANG Ximin, REN Zepei, MEI Feiming. Heat transfer[M]. 5th ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press, 2007:154.