短瓣金莲花种子及种苗质量分级标准
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摘要
以短瓣金莲花种子为试材,采用相关指标测定和外观形态观测的方法,研究了短瓣金莲花种子的扦样、种子净度、种子质量、含水量、发芽率、发芽势等指标,通过进一步的数据分析制定短瓣金莲花种子的质量分级标准。以短瓣金莲花种苗为试材,通过样方调查测量了株高、根长、叶片数和植株密度,从而探讨短瓣金莲花种苗质量分级标准。结果表明:可将短瓣金莲花种子的质量分为3级,一级品种纯度和净度不低于98.24%,发芽率不低于75.68%,含水率不高于8.34%,种子质量不低于0.6 mg·粒~(-1);二级品种纯度和净度不低于97.58%,发芽率不低于69.86%,含水率不高于11.41%,种子质量不低于0.53 mg·粒~(-1);三级品种纯度和净度不高于96.23%,发芽率不低于61.61%,含水率不高于12.14%,种子质量不低于0.47 mg·粒~(-1)。通过K聚类分析进行种苗质量分级,结果表明一级种苗株高≥3.95 cm,根长≥4.01 cm,叶片数≥2片,植株密度≥2 028株/m~2。二级种苗株高≥3.62 cm,根长≥3.05 cm,叶片数≥1片,植株密度≥1 526株/m~2。三级种苗株高≥2.97 cm,根长≥2.76 cm,叶片数≥1片,植株密度≥1 023株/m~2。短瓣金莲花种子及种苗质量分级标准所采用的方法适用于短瓣金莲花种子及种苗的质量控制,为生产应用短瓣金莲花提供分级标准建议,为短瓣金莲花规范化生产奠定基础。
With Trollius ledebouri Reichb seed,through detecting stand sample,seeds clarity,seed weight,water content,germination rate,and germinative energy,and observing seed external characters,we preliminarily formulated the primary seed quality classification standard. The plant height,root length,leaf number and number of plants were measured by a sample survey,and the quality classification standard of short petal flower seedlings was discussed. The quality of the T.ledebouri seed can be divided into three grades. For the first grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 98.24%,seed germinationrate was not lower than 75.68%,water content was not more than 8.34%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.6 mg·ind-1. For the second grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 97.58%,seed germination rate was not lower than 69.86%,water content was not more than 11.41%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.53 mg·ind-1.For the third grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 96.23%,seed germination rate was not lower than61.61%,water content was not more than 12.14%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.47 mg·ind-1. The grading standard were analyzed by K-Means Cluster. The criteria of the 1 st-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 3.95 cm,the root length above 4.01 cm,the leaf number above 2,and the number of plants above 2 028 tree/m2. The criteria of the2 nd-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 3.62 cm,the root length above 3.05 cm,the leaf number above1,and the number of plants above 1 526 tree/m2. The criteria of the 3 rd-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 2.97 cm,the root length above 2.76 cm,the leaf number above 1,and the number of plants above 1 023 tree/m2.The method applied to the quality control of short petal seed and seedling quality is suitable for the quality control of the seeds and seedlings of short petal lotus flower.
With Trollius ledebouri Reichb seed,through detecting stand sample,seeds clarity,seed weight,water content,germination rate,and germinative energy,and observing seed external characters,we preliminarily formulated the primary seed quality classification standard. The plant height,root length,leaf number and number of plants were measured by a sample survey,and the quality classification standard of short petal flower seedlings was discussed. The quality of the T.ledebouri seed can be divided into three grades. For the first grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 98.24%,seed germinationrate was not lower than 75.68%,water content was not more than 8.34%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.6 mg·ind-1. For the second grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 97.58%,seed germination rate was not lower than 69.86%,water content was not more than 11.41%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.53 mg·ind-1.For the third grade seed,purity and clarity all were not lower than 96.23%,seed germination rate was not lower than61.61%,water content was not more than 12.14%,and seed weight was not lower than 0.47 mg·ind-1. The grading standard were analyzed by K-Means Cluster. The criteria of the 1 st-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 3.95 cm,the root length above 4.01 cm,the leaf number above 2,and the number of plants above 2 028 tree/m2. The criteria of the2 nd-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 3.62 cm,the root length above 3.05 cm,the leaf number above1,and the number of plants above 1 526 tree/m2. The criteria of the 3 rd-grade seedling were as follows: the plant height above 2.97 cm,the root length above 2.76 cm,the leaf number above 1,and the number of plants above 1 023 tree/m2.The method applied to the quality control of short petal seed and seedling quality is suitable for the quality control of the seeds and seedlings of short petal lotus flower.
引文
[1]李隆云,彭锐,李红莉,等.中药材种子种苗的发展策略[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(1):247-252.
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[4]袁勤洋,刘长利.中药金莲花药理作用研究进展[J].人民军医,2011,54(9):825-826.
[5]魏建和,陈士林,程惠珍,等.中药材种子种苗标准化工程[J].世界科学技术-中医药现代化,2005,7(6):104-108.
[6]李瑞杰,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.素花党参种苗质量分级标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(20):3041-3046.
[7]管青霞,王引来,王琳.党参不同等级种苗栽植效果比较试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2004(9):54-55.
[8]于福来,刘凤波,王文全,等.甘草种苗质量分级标准研究[J].中国现代中药,2012,14(12):36-39.
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[11]赵东岳,李勇,孙志刚,等.金莲花种子品质检验及质量标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(24):3421-3424.
[12]李恒贵.用整粒样品测定种子水分的研究[J].种子科技,1996(3):35.
[13]张春庆,王建华.种子检验学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[14]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[15]朱殿龙.金莲花生物学及种质评价研究[D].北京:中国协和医科大学,2007.
[16]胡海英,李瑜.金莲花种子无菌播种及离体培养技术[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(7):230-233.
[17]丁万隆,陈君,张丽萍,等.贮藏方法对打破金莲花种子休眠的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2000,25(5):266-269.
[18]潘丽梅,马小军,付金娥,等.桑寄生种子质量分级标准研究[J].北方园艺,2017(20):144-148.
[19]郭德武,姚国清,池桂清,等.逐步聚类法在苗木分级中的应用[J].辽宁林业科技,1985(4):12-15.
[20]徐金光,解孝满,刘和风.聚类分析法在苗木质量分级中的应用[J].山东林业科技,1994(4):20-21.
[21]余远焜.用逐步聚类进行苗木质量分级的方法[J].广西林业科技资料,1983(1):9-14.
[22]杨斌,周凤林,史富强,等.铁力木苗木分级研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(1):85-89.
[23]徐玉梅,卫斌,景跃波,等.南方红豆杉容器苗苗木分级研究[J].林业调查规划,2008,33(1):126-129.
[24]罗登花,王彤彤,华沛,等.广金钱草种苗质量标准研究[J].种子检验,2017,36(1):128-130.
[2]庄成雁.宝贵的药用植物:短瓣金莲花[J].内蒙古林业,1989(8):28.
[3]李良千.毛茛科金莲花亚科植物的地理分布[J].植物分类学报,1995,33(6):537-555.
[4]袁勤洋,刘长利.中药金莲花药理作用研究进展[J].人民军医,2011,54(9):825-826.
[5]魏建和,陈士林,程惠珍,等.中药材种子种苗标准化工程[J].世界科学技术-中医药现代化,2005,7(6):104-108.
[6]李瑞杰,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.素花党参种苗质量分级标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(20):3041-3046.
[7]管青霞,王引来,王琳.党参不同等级种苗栽植效果比较试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2004(9):54-55.
[8]于福来,刘凤波,王文全,等.甘草种苗质量分级标准研究[J].中国现代中药,2012,14(12):36-39.
[9]农作物种子检验规程GB/T3543.4-1995[S].北京:中国标准出社,1996.
[10]郭巧生,赵荣梅,刘丽,等.桔梗种子品质检验及质量标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(5):377-381.
[11]赵东岳,李勇,孙志刚,等.金莲花种子品质检验及质量标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(24):3421-3424.
[12]李恒贵.用整粒样品测定种子水分的研究[J].种子科技,1996(3):35.
[13]张春庆,王建华.种子检验学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[14]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[15]朱殿龙.金莲花生物学及种质评价研究[D].北京:中国协和医科大学,2007.
[16]胡海英,李瑜.金莲花种子无菌播种及离体培养技术[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(7):230-233.
[17]丁万隆,陈君,张丽萍,等.贮藏方法对打破金莲花种子休眠的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2000,25(5):266-269.
[18]潘丽梅,马小军,付金娥,等.桑寄生种子质量分级标准研究[J].北方园艺,2017(20):144-148.
[19]郭德武,姚国清,池桂清,等.逐步聚类法在苗木分级中的应用[J].辽宁林业科技,1985(4):12-15.
[20]徐金光,解孝满,刘和风.聚类分析法在苗木质量分级中的应用[J].山东林业科技,1994(4):20-21.
[21]余远焜.用逐步聚类进行苗木质量分级的方法[J].广西林业科技资料,1983(1):9-14.
[22]杨斌,周凤林,史富强,等.铁力木苗木分级研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(1):85-89.
[23]徐玉梅,卫斌,景跃波,等.南方红豆杉容器苗苗木分级研究[J].林业调查规划,2008,33(1):126-129.
[24]罗登花,王彤彤,华沛,等.广金钱草种苗质量标准研究[J].种子检验,2017,36(1):128-130.