采棉机锥齿轮系统多场耦合振动噪声分析研究
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摘要
针对某采棉机制造厂生产的国产ZM-45采棉机核心工作部件在运行中存在强烈的振动噪声问题,以整个采棉机锥齿轮传动系统为声学边界元振动噪声数值研究对象,构建完整的传动系统和结构系统的动态数值分析模型。首先应用NASTRAN有限元数值算法,解算出采棉机核心工作部件锥齿轮系统的固有特性,再应用完全递归求解方法与多体动力学中的相对运动坐标方程理论,求解出锥轮齿系统工况时的动态激励力;以采棉头锥齿轮系统固有特性解算结果为基础,锥齿轮系统工况时的动态激励时域曲线作为边界条件加载到齿轮啮合线上,求解出锥齿轮系统上各节点的速度、加速度和力的传递性;以该结果作为采棉机锥齿箱声学边界元振动噪声数值分析边界条件,应用声学边界元法数值分析算法,求解出锥齿箱在工作状态时的振动噪声,输出锥齿箱的噪声分布云图。研究成果可为传统机械装备减振降噪提供理论依据。
Aiming at strong vibration noise problem of bevel gear system as core part of domestic cotton picker manufactured by a certain machinery plant,it takes the bevel gear transmission system of the whole cotton picker as the research object of acoustic boundary element and establishes the dynamic numerical analysis model of the complete bevel gear system including the structural system and transmission system; firstly,it applies NASTRAN finite-element numerical algorithm to work out the inherent characteristics of the bevel gear system; then,it applies the complete recursive algorithm and relative motion coordinate equation theory in many-body dynamics to work out the dynamic-state exciting force under the working situation of bevel gear system; based on the resolving result of the inherent characteristics of the bevel gear system of the cotton picking head,the dynamic exciting domain curve under the working condition of bevel gear system is taken as the boundary condition and uploaded to the gear engagement line; and the speed,accelerated speed and power transitivity of each node in the bevel gear system are solved out; these results are taken as the acoustic boundary element vibration noise value to analyze the boundary condition; it applies the numerical analysis algorithm of acoustic boundary element method to work out the vibration noise under the working state of bevel gear and output the noise distribution cloud picture of bevel gear; its research result provides the theoretical basis for vibration and noise reduction of domestic cotton picker.
Aiming at strong vibration noise problem of bevel gear system as core part of domestic cotton picker manufactured by a certain machinery plant,it takes the bevel gear transmission system of the whole cotton picker as the research object of acoustic boundary element and establishes the dynamic numerical analysis model of the complete bevel gear system including the structural system and transmission system; firstly,it applies NASTRAN finite-element numerical algorithm to work out the inherent characteristics of the bevel gear system; then,it applies the complete recursive algorithm and relative motion coordinate equation theory in many-body dynamics to work out the dynamic-state exciting force under the working situation of bevel gear system; based on the resolving result of the inherent characteristics of the bevel gear system of the cotton picking head,the dynamic exciting domain curve under the working condition of bevel gear system is taken as the boundary condition and uploaded to the gear engagement line; and the speed,accelerated speed and power transitivity of each node in the bevel gear system are solved out; these results are taken as the acoustic boundary element vibration noise value to analyze the boundary condition; it applies the numerical analysis algorithm of acoustic boundary element method to work out the vibration noise under the working state of bevel gear and output the noise distribution cloud picture of bevel gear; its research result provides the theoretical basis for vibration and noise reduction of domestic cotton picker.
引文
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[14]A Bajer,L Demkowicz.Dynamic contact/impact problems,energy conservation,and planetary gear trains[J].Comp.Meth.Appl.Mech.Eng,2002,191(37-38):4159-4191.
[2]王方平,梅益,刘乔英.采棉头数字虚拟样机运动学与结构分析[J].农机化研究,2011,33(3):58-59.
[3]陈国荣,唐绍华.汽车驱动桥桥壳与模态有限元分析[J].机械设计与制造,2010,33(2):18-19.
[4]马颖,李成华,张国梁,等.基于ANSYS的播种机牵引梁模态分析[J].农机化研究,2010,32(6).15-40.
[5]王方平,梅益,刘乔英.采棉头锥齿箱有限元模态分析[J].农机化研究,2011,33(4):36-37.
[6]王方平,朱允龙.采棉头锥齿轮系统有限藕合固有特性数值分析[J].机械传动,2013,37(9):122-123.
[7]徐春雨.基于多体动力学模型的齿轮箱结构振动噪声分析[D].上海:同济大学,2009:18-40.
[8]陆扬,马星国,舒启林.基于Recur Dyn的行星轮系动力学仿真[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2008,24(4):76-77.
[9]焦晓娟,张湝渭,彭斌彬.Recur Dyn多体系统优化仿真技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010:13-15.
[10]王方平,杨广祺.采棉头锥齿箱系统动态激励多体动力学数值仿真研究[J].农机化研究,2015,37(10):258-262.
[11]王方平.采棉头锥齿轮系统动态强迫振动响应数值分析研究[J].农机化研究,2015,37(11):22-26.
[12]李增刚,詹福良.Virtual.Lab Acoustics声学仿真计算高级应用实例[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.
[13]Mehnlet Bozea.Torsional Vibration Model based Optimization of Gearbox Geometric Parameters to Reduce Rattle Noise in an Automotive Transmission[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2010,45(11):1583-1598.
[14]A Bajer,L Demkowicz.Dynamic contact/impact problems,energy conservation,and planetary gear trains[J].Comp.Meth.Appl.Mech.Eng,2002,191(37-38):4159-4191.