广州市多肉植物种类及其在城市绿地的应用
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摘要
在华南地区,多肉植物栽培普遍,也越来越多地应用于屋顶绿化、垂直绿化、公园绿化等。本研究对多肉植物在广州市6个城市公园和屋顶花园的应用现状进行实地调研,记录了多肉植物的种类、应用形式、观赏价值和生长状态,统计分析了广州市城市绿地中多肉植物应用情况。结果表明:广州市城市绿地中常见多肉植物共有7科13属22种,其中龙舌兰科最多,有14种,此外夹竹桃科2种、鸭跖草科2种、木棉科1种,应用最多的是红鸡蛋花(Plumeria rubra Linn.)、鸡蛋花(Plumeria rubra ‘Acutifolia’)、银边龙舌兰(Agave angustifolia‘Marginata’)和亮叶朱蕉(Cordyline fruticosa ‘Aichiaka’);多肉植物的应用形式主要有花坛、地被、花境等,配置形式主要是丛植、列植、散点植;多肉植物适合在广州城市绿地中露地栽种,但种类偏少,应用形式单一,应加强乡土多肉植物种类的开发利用,筛选出适合露地栽培、抗性良好、观赏效果好的种类,使得多肉植物在城市绿地中的应用更加多元化。
Succulent plants are widely cultivated in South China,and they are mostly applied in roof greening,vertical greening and parks.A field survey of succulent plants was made in 6 urban parks and rooftop gardens in Guangzhou.In this survey species of succulent plants and their application form,ornamental value and growth performance were recorded.A statistical analysis of the succulent plants applied in the Guangzhou urban green spaces was conducted.The results showed that the succulent plants commonly used included 7 families,13 genera and 23 species.Most of the species commonly used were under the agave family(24 species),and there were 2 species of Apocynaceae,2 species of Commelinaceae and 1 species of Bombacaceae.The most commonly used succulent plants included Plumeria rubra Linn,Plumeria rubra 'Acutifolia',Agave angustifolia 'Marginata' and Cordyline fruticosa 'Aichiaka'.The application forms of succulent plants mainly included flower bed,decoration on lawns,flower border,etc.The arrangement forms included cluster planting,linear planting and scattered planting.The succulent plants are suitable for planting in urban green spaces in Guangzhou,but are fewer in species with less application forms.The exploitation and utilization of native succulent plants should be strengthened,and species suitable for open field cultivation with good resistance and good ornamental effect should be selected to diversify the succulent plants applied in urban green spaces.
Succulent plants are widely cultivated in South China,and they are mostly applied in roof greening,vertical greening and parks.A field survey of succulent plants was made in 6 urban parks and rooftop gardens in Guangzhou.In this survey species of succulent plants and their application form,ornamental value and growth performance were recorded.A statistical analysis of the succulent plants applied in the Guangzhou urban green spaces was conducted.The results showed that the succulent plants commonly used included 7 families,13 genera and 23 species.Most of the species commonly used were under the agave family(24 species),and there were 2 species of Apocynaceae,2 species of Commelinaceae and 1 species of Bombacaceae.The most commonly used succulent plants included Plumeria rubra Linn,Plumeria rubra 'Acutifolia',Agave angustifolia 'Marginata' and Cordyline fruticosa 'Aichiaka'.The application forms of succulent plants mainly included flower bed,decoration on lawns,flower border,etc.The arrangement forms included cluster planting,linear planting and scattered planting.The succulent plants are suitable for planting in urban green spaces in Guangzhou,but are fewer in species with less application forms.The exploitation and utilization of native succulent plants should be strengthened,and species suitable for open field cultivation with good resistance and good ornamental effect should be selected to diversify the succulent plants applied in urban green spaces.
引文
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[7]孙丽静,罗泽榕,丰盈,等.多肉植物在园林栽培中的应用研究[J].中国园艺文摘, 2016, 32(9):78-81.
[8]杨涓.多肉植物主要病害防治技术[J].安徽农学通报, 2015, 21(5):81-82.
[9]危梦妮.多肉植物在中国城市园林景观化应用的探讨[J].美与时代(城市版), 2015(8):39-40.
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[11]董艳芳,童俊,毛静,等.多肉植物的叶插繁殖试验[J].北方园艺, 2018(9):115-120.
[12]郭运青,唐树梅,张宇慧,等.几种屋顶绿化植物的抗旱性研究[J].热带农业科学, 2008, 28(3):29-31.
[2]黄清俊,辛雅芬,谢维荪.多浆植物的原生态环境与引种栽培问题[J].上海应用技术学院学报(自然科版),2007(4):295-298.
[3]谢维荪.多肉植物栽培原理与品种鉴赏[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社, 2011.
[4]胡莹冰,金晓玲,沈守云.厦门市多肉植物种类及城市绿地应用研究[J].北方园艺, 2013(18):81-85.
[5]郑春.多肉植物的园林应用研究[J].福建建筑,2014(7):24-27.
[6]应铃琴,陈华开.多肉植物在景观设计中的应用[J].现代园艺, 2013(6):130-130.
[7]孙丽静,罗泽榕,丰盈,等.多肉植物在园林栽培中的应用研究[J].中国园艺文摘, 2016, 32(9):78-81.
[8]杨涓.多肉植物主要病害防治技术[J].安徽农学通报, 2015, 21(5):81-82.
[9]危梦妮.多肉植物在中国城市园林景观化应用的探讨[J].美与时代(城市版), 2015(8):39-40.
[10]王成聪.仙人掌与多肉植物大全[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2011.
[11]董艳芳,童俊,毛静,等.多肉植物的叶插繁殖试验[J].北方园艺, 2018(9):115-120.
[12]郭运青,唐树梅,张宇慧,等.几种屋顶绿化植物的抗旱性研究[J].热带农业科学, 2008, 28(3):29-31.