整体倾斜下砌体结构房屋安全性能研究
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摘要
砌体结构常采用筏基或者刚性较大的条形基础,若基础置于软弱地基上,易发生不均匀沉降,并导致上部结构整体倾斜。在实际工程中,经常发现砌体结构整体倾斜角度超出相关规范限值时,结构并未见明显损伤,整体倾斜对上部结构安全性的影响有待进一步研究。为研究整体倾斜对砌体结构安全性能的影响,采用SAP2000有限元结构分析软件建立了96个横纵墙混合承重的砌体结构模型,重点研究了在竖向荷载作用下倾斜角度、层数、开间大小和洞口尺寸等对砌体结构安全性能的影响。研究结果表明:倾斜角度是影响整体倾斜砌体房屋结构安全性能的主要因素,它会导致抗力效应比的降低,当倾斜角小于6‰时,抗力效应比降低不超过5%。因此,对于整体倾斜沉降变形稳定、倾斜角度小于6‰,且墙体上未出现明显的结构性裂缝时,可以不采取处理措施。
Masonry structures often use raft foundation or rigid foundation such as strip foundation. If the foundation is founded on the soft soil, it is prone to uneven settlement which leads to the overall tilt of the superstructures. In practical engineering, it was often noticed that the masonry structures had no obvious damage when the overall inclination angle exceeded the relevant standard. Thus, the effect of the overall tilt on the superstructure safety needs to be further studied. In this paper, the SAP2000 finite element analysis software was used to establish 96 masonry structure models with longitudinal and latitudinal walls. The influence of factors including the inclination angle which is the ratio of top displacement to structural height, the number of floors, the bay width and the opening size, on the masonry structure safety performance under the vertical loads were studied. The results showed that the tilt angle was the main factor affecting the safety performance of masonry building. It would lead to the reduction of the resistance ratio. When the inclined angle is less than 6‰, the resistance ratio is decreased not more than 5%. Therefore, if the overall tilt angle is less than 6‰ and no obvious cracks is identified on the wall, no action is needed to reinforce the structure.
Masonry structures often use raft foundation or rigid foundation such as strip foundation. If the foundation is founded on the soft soil, it is prone to uneven settlement which leads to the overall tilt of the superstructures. In practical engineering, it was often noticed that the masonry structures had no obvious damage when the overall inclination angle exceeded the relevant standard. Thus, the effect of the overall tilt on the superstructure safety needs to be further studied. In this paper, the SAP2000 finite element analysis software was used to establish 96 masonry structure models with longitudinal and latitudinal walls. The influence of factors including the inclination angle which is the ratio of top displacement to structural height, the number of floors, the bay width and the opening size, on the masonry structure safety performance under the vertical loads were studied. The results showed that the tilt angle was the main factor affecting the safety performance of masonry building. It would lead to the reduction of the resistance ratio. When the inclined angle is less than 6‰, the resistance ratio is decreased not more than 5%. Therefore, if the overall tilt angle is less than 6‰ and no obvious cracks is identified on the wall, no action is needed to reinforce the structure.
引文
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[14]刘振宇,叶燎原,潘文.等效体积单元(RVE)在砌体有限元分析中的应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):31-35Liu Zhenyu,Ye Liaoyuan,Pan Wen.Application of equivalent volume element(RVE)in finite element analysis of masonry[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):31-35
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[16]GB 50292-2015民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016GB 50292-2015 Standard for appraisal of reliability of civil buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building P:ress,2016
[2]吴胜发,孙作玉.地基不均匀沉降对上部结构内力和变形的影响[J].广州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,4(3):261-266Wu Shengfa,Sun Zuoyu.The effect of uneven settlement on the internal force and deformation of the superstructure[J].Journal of Guangzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2005,4(3):261-266
[3]SKEMPTON A W.MACDONALD D H.Allowable settlement of buildings[C]//Proceedings Institute of Civil Engineers,1956:727-768
[4]Grant R,Christian J T,Vanmarcke E H.Differential Settlement of buildings[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1974,100(9):973-911
[5]BOSCARDIN M D,CORDING E J.Building response to exeavation-Indueed settlement[J].ASCE Journal of Geotechnical Engineering.1989,115:1-21
[6]钟万善.地基不均匀沉降引发砌体房屋墙体裂缝问题的探讨[J].工程质量,2008,(6):29-30Zhong Wanshan.Discussion on Cracks in Masonry Walls Caused by Uneven Foundation Settlement[J].Engineering Quality,2008,(6):29-30
[7]GB 50007-2011建筑地基基础设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011GB 50007-2011 Code for design of building foundation[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011
[8]Skempton A W.Macdonald D H.The Allowable Settlement of Buildings[J].Ice Proceedings Engineering Divisions,1956,5(6):727-768
[9]Meyerhof G G.Some Recent Foundation Research and its Application to Design[J].Structural Engineer,1953,31(6):151-167
[10]POLSHIN D E,TOKAR R A.Maximum Allowable Non-uniform Settlement of Structures[C]//Proceedings of 4th Interna-tional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,1957:402-406
[11]Bjerrum I.Allowable Settlement of Structures[C]//Proceedings European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,1963:135-137
[12]Grant R,Christian J T,Vanmarcke.E H.Differential Settlement of Buildings[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1974,100:973-991
[13]阳军生.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[14]刘振宇,叶燎原,潘文.等效体积单元(RVE)在砌体有限元分析中的应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):31-35Liu Zhenyu,Ye Liaoyuan,Pan Wen.Application of equivalent volume element(RVE)in finite element analysis of masonry[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):31-35
[15]GB 50003-2011砌体结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011GB 50003-2011 Code for design of masonry structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011
[16]GB 50292-2015民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016GB 50292-2015 Standard for appraisal of reliability of civil buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building P:ress,2016