不同蓝红光比例发光二极管对火龙果花芽分化和果实品质的影响
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摘要
以红肉火龙果‘紫蜜龙’为试验材料,设蓝光与红光比例分别为1∶8、1∶6、1∶4、1∶3、1∶2的发光二极管(lightemitting diode, LED)为实验处理,白光LED作对照进行补光(CK),光源分置在50 cm和70 cm这2个高度;同时设置不补光对照(CK_0)。通过比较不同处理间的花芽分化、物候期、果实品质,筛选出能够促进春季提前现蕾、增加花芽数量及提高果实品质的最佳补光方案。结果表明:补光处理分化的花芽数量比不补光多;蓝光与红光比例1∶4、光源高度50 cm的组合,花芽分化数量最多,产量显著高于其他处理,平均单产达到了2.236 kg/株;蓝光与红光比例1∶2、光源高度50 cm的组合,果实可溶性固形物含量相对最高,品质最佳。
Taking a red pitaya cultivar,‘Zimilong'as the test material, we set up different blue-red light ratios in light-emitting diode(LED), 1∶8, 1∶6, 1∶4, 1∶3 and 1∶2 to treat the pitaya and used white LED light as the control(CK). Besides, the light sources were placed at two positions, 50 cm and 70 cm above the plant. We also set up no artificial light group as a blank control(CK_0). By comparing the flower bud differentiation, phenology and fruit quality, we attempted to choose the best light supplement that would advance spring budding, increase the amount of buds and also improve the quality in pitaya. The result revealed that flower bud differentiation was improved when given light fill. In addition, when the blue-red light ratio in LED light was 1∶4 at 50 cm above the plant, the number of buds and productivity were best among all treatments, and the average yield even reached 2.236 kg/plant. When the blue-red light ratio in LED light was 1∶2 at 50 cm above the plant, the total soluble solid content and fruit quality were the highest.
Taking a red pitaya cultivar,‘Zimilong'as the test material, we set up different blue-red light ratios in light-emitting diode(LED), 1∶8, 1∶6, 1∶4, 1∶3 and 1∶2 to treat the pitaya and used white LED light as the control(CK). Besides, the light sources were placed at two positions, 50 cm and 70 cm above the plant. We also set up no artificial light group as a blank control(CK_0). By comparing the flower bud differentiation, phenology and fruit quality, we attempted to choose the best light supplement that would advance spring budding, increase the amount of buds and also improve the quality in pitaya. The result revealed that flower bud differentiation was improved when given light fill. In addition, when the blue-red light ratio in LED light was 1∶4 at 50 cm above the plant, the number of buds and productivity were best among all treatments, and the average yield even reached 2.236 kg/plant. When the blue-red light ratio in LED light was 1∶2 at 50 cm above the plant, the total soluble solid content and fruit quality were the highest.
引文
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[20]LIU L J,ZHANG Y C,LI Q H,et al.COP1-mediated ubiquitination of CONSTANS is implicated in cryptochrome regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis.The Plant Cell,2008,20:292-306.
[21]MOCKLER T,YANG H Y,YU X H,et al.Regulation of photoperiodic flowering by Arabidopsis photoreceptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2003,100(4):2140-2145.
[22]HEO J W,LEE C W,MURTHY H N,et al.Influence of light quality and photoperiod on flowering of Cyclamen persicum,Mill.cv.‘Dixie White’.Plant Growth Regulation,2003,40(1):7-10.
[23]HEO J W,LEE C W,CHAKRABARTY D,et al.Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a LightEmitting Diode(LED).Plant Growth Regulation,2002,38(3):225-230.
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[26]刘晓英,徐文栋,焦学磊,等.不同配比红蓝LED光对黄瓜果实产量和品质的影响.植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(2):80-84.LIU X Y,XU W D,JIAO X L,et al.Effect of different proportions of red and blue LED lights on yield and quality of fruit of Cucumis sativus.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2016,25(2):80-84.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]刘庆,连海峰,刘世琦,等.不同光质LED光源对草莓光合特性、产量及品质的影响.应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1743-1750.LIU Q,LIAN H F,LIU S Q,et al.Effect of different LEDlight qualities on photosynthetic characteristics,fruit production and quality of strawberry.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(6):1743-1750.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]颜昌瑞,林宗贤.台湾果树产期调节技术的研发与推广.福建农业学报,2000(增刊1):126-130.YAN C R,LIN Z X.Development and promotion of production regulation technology of Taiwan fruit tree.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2000(Suppl.1):126-130.(in Chinese)
[29]王绍辉,孔云,陈青君,等.不同光质补光对日光温室黄瓜产量与品质的影响.中国生态农业学报,2006,14(4):119-121.WANG S H,KONG Y,CHEN Q J,et al.The effect of different light qualities on cucumber fruit quality and yield in greenhouse.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2006,14(4):119-121.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]谢景,刘厚诚,宋世威,等.侧面补光对温室黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Shenchun)果实生长和品质的影响.沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(5):616-621.XIE J,LIU H C,SONG S W,et al.Effect of different light qualities interlighting on growth and quality of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Shenchun)fruit in greenhouse.Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,2013,44(5):616-621.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]崔瑾,马志虎,徐志刚,等.不同光质补光对黄瓜、辣椒和番茄幼苗生长及生理特性的影响.园艺学报,2009,36(5):663-670.CUI J,MA Z H,XU Z G,et al.Effect of supplemental lighting with different light qualities on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber,pepper and tomato seedlings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2009,36(5):663-670.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]刘晓英,常涛涛,郭世荣,等.红蓝LED光全生育期照射对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响.中国蔬菜,2010(22):21-27.LIU X Y,CHANG T T,GUO S R,et al.Effect of irradiation with blue and red LED on fruit quality of cherry tomato during growth period.China Vegetables,2010(22):21-27.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]阳圣莹,白胜,蒋浩宏,等.不同补光处理对设施草莓光合特性及果实品质的影响.山西农业科学,2016,44(9):1298-1303.YANG S Y,BAI S,JIANG H H,et al.Effect of different supplemental lighting treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of strawberry in greenhouse.Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(9):1298-1303.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]刘晓英.LED光源对樱桃番茄生育和光合作用影响的研究.南京:南京农业大学,2010:66-74.LIU X Y.Studies for effect of LED light on growth and development,photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2010:66-74.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[35]王彬,郑伟,蔡永强.黔龙1号火龙果果实发育中果形、干重及溶质分配变化.贵州农业科学,2010,38(3):154-156.WANG B,ZHENG W,CAI Y Q.Change of fruit shape,dry weight and solute distribution of Qianlong 1(a pitaya variety)during fruit development.Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(3):154-156.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[36]王彬.火龙果果实发育规律及果实品质分析.长沙:湖南农业大学,2008:15-23.WANG B.Fruit development regularity and quality analysis of pitaya(Hylocereus spp.).Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2008:15-23.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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[2]BELTRANOROZCO M,CARMEN,OLIBACOBA T G.Ascorbic acid,phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of red,cherry,yellow and white types of pitaya cactus fruit(Stenocereus stellatus Riccobono).Agrociencia,2012,43(2):153-162.
[3]WICHIENCHOT S,JATUPORNPIPAT M,RASTALL R A.Oligosaccharides of pitaya(dragon fruit)flesh and their prebiotic properties.Food Chemistry,2010,120(3):850-857.
[4]TENORE G C,NOVELLINO E,BASILE A.Nutraceutical potential and antioxidant benefits of red pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus)extracts.Journal of Functional Foods,2012,4(1):129-136.
[5]蒋飞荣,徐福君,钭凌娟,等.红肉火龙果在浙江金华引种表现及栽培技术总结.现代园艺,2016(1):30-31.JIANG F R,XU F J,DOU L J,et al.Introduction performances and cultivation technique of red pitaya in Jinhua,Zhejiang.Xiandai Horticulture,2016(1):30-31.(in Chinese)
[6]高荣孚,张鸿明.植物光调控的研究进展.北京林业大学学报,2002,24(5/6):235-243.GAO R F,ZHANG H M.Advances of researches on photoregulation in plants.Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2002,24(5/6):235-243.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]赵文东,郭修武,王欣欣,等.光质对延迟栽培巨峰葡萄果实品质的影响.中国果树,2011(1):20-22.ZHAO W D,GUO X W,WANG X X,et al.Effect of light quality on fruit quality of delayed cultivation of Jufeng grape.China Fruits,2011(1):20-22.(in Chinese)
[8]张克坤,刘凤之,王孝娣,等.不同光质补光对促早栽培‘瑞都香玉’葡萄果实品质的影响.应用生态学报,2017,28(1):115-126.ZHANG K K,LIU F Z,WANG X T,et al.Effects of supplementary light with different wavelengths on fruit quality of‘Ruidu Xiangyu’grape under promoted cultivation.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(1):115-126.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]JIANG Y L,LIAO Y Y,LIN T S,et al.The photoperiodregulated bud formation of red pitaya(Hylocereus sp.).HortScience,2012,47(8):1063-1067.
[10]余意.水蜜桃杂交优系及其亲本的主要品质特性比较研究.杭州:浙江大学,2015:11-13.YU Y.Research on main characteristics and quality of peach hybrid system and its parents.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015:11-13.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]CASTELLANOS-SANTIAGO E,YAHIAE M.Identification and quantification of betalains from the fruits of 10 mexican prickly pear cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2008,56(14):5758-5764.
[12]MCCREE K J.The action spectrum absorptance and quantum yield of photosynthesis in crop plants.Agricultural Meteorology,1972,9:191-216.
[13]SAGER J C,SMITH W O,EDWARDS J L,et al.Use of spectral data to determine photosynthetic efficiency and phytochrome photoequilibria.Transactions of the ASABE,1986,31(6):1882-1889.
[14]JIAO Y L,LAU O S,DENG X W.Light-regulated transcriptional networks in higher plants.Nature Reviews Genetics,2007,8:217-230.
[15]ESKINS K.Light-quality effects on Arabidopsis development.Red,blue and far-red regulation of flowering and morphology.Physiologia Plantarum,2010,86(3):439-444.
[16]ANDRE?S F,COUPLAND G.The genetic basis of flowering responses to seasonal cues.Nature Reviews Genetics,2012,13:627-639.
[17]SHIBUYA T,KANAYAMA Y.Flowering response to blue light and its molecular mechanisms in Arabidopsis and horticultural plants.Advances in Horticultural Science,2014,28(4):179-183.
[18]杨立文,付建新,亓帅,等.高等植物开花时间的蓝光调控:隐花色素介导的光信号传导.分子植物育种,2015,13(2):450-460.YANG L W,FU J X,QI S,et al.Blue light regulating flowering time in higher plants:cryptochromes meated signal transduction.Molecular Plant Breeding,2015,13(2):450-460.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]GUO H W,YANG H Y,MOCKLER T C,et al.Regulation of flowering time by Arabidopsis photoreceptors.Science,1998,279(5355):1360-1363.
[20]LIU L J,ZHANG Y C,LI Q H,et al.COP1-mediated ubiquitination of CONSTANS is implicated in cryptochrome regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis.The Plant Cell,2008,20:292-306.
[21]MOCKLER T,YANG H Y,YU X H,et al.Regulation of photoperiodic flowering by Arabidopsis photoreceptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2003,100(4):2140-2145.
[22]HEO J W,LEE C W,MURTHY H N,et al.Influence of light quality and photoperiod on flowering of Cyclamen persicum,Mill.cv.‘Dixie White’.Plant Growth Regulation,2003,40(1):7-10.
[23]HEO J W,LEE C W,CHAKRABARTY D,et al.Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a LightEmitting Diode(LED).Plant Growth Regulation,2002,38(3):225-230.
[24]韦峰.不同光质及补光时间对几种蔬菜生长的影响.银川:宁夏大学,2015:19-24.WEI F.Effects of different light qualities and different supplementary lighting time on the growth of several kind of vegetables.Yinchuan:Ningxia University,2015:19-24.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]孙娜.光质对番茄生长、生理代谢及果实产量品质的影响.济南:山东农业大学,2015:18-22.SUN N.Effects of light quality on growth,physiological metabolism,fruit yield and quality of tomato.Jinan:Shandong Agricultural University,2015:18-22.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]刘晓英,徐文栋,焦学磊,等.不同配比红蓝LED光对黄瓜果实产量和品质的影响.植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(2):80-84.LIU X Y,XU W D,JIAO X L,et al.Effect of different proportions of red and blue LED lights on yield and quality of fruit of Cucumis sativus.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2016,25(2):80-84.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]刘庆,连海峰,刘世琦,等.不同光质LED光源对草莓光合特性、产量及品质的影响.应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1743-1750.LIU Q,LIAN H F,LIU S Q,et al.Effect of different LEDlight qualities on photosynthetic characteristics,fruit production and quality of strawberry.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(6):1743-1750.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]颜昌瑞,林宗贤.台湾果树产期调节技术的研发与推广.福建农业学报,2000(增刊1):126-130.YAN C R,LIN Z X.Development and promotion of production regulation technology of Taiwan fruit tree.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2000(Suppl.1):126-130.(in Chinese)
[29]王绍辉,孔云,陈青君,等.不同光质补光对日光温室黄瓜产量与品质的影响.中国生态农业学报,2006,14(4):119-121.WANG S H,KONG Y,CHEN Q J,et al.The effect of different light qualities on cucumber fruit quality and yield in greenhouse.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2006,14(4):119-121.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]谢景,刘厚诚,宋世威,等.侧面补光对温室黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Shenchun)果实生长和品质的影响.沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(5):616-621.XIE J,LIU H C,SONG S W,et al.Effect of different light qualities interlighting on growth and quality of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Shenchun)fruit in greenhouse.Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,2013,44(5):616-621.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]崔瑾,马志虎,徐志刚,等.不同光质补光对黄瓜、辣椒和番茄幼苗生长及生理特性的影响.园艺学报,2009,36(5):663-670.CUI J,MA Z H,XU Z G,et al.Effect of supplemental lighting with different light qualities on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber,pepper and tomato seedlings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2009,36(5):663-670.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]刘晓英,常涛涛,郭世荣,等.红蓝LED光全生育期照射对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响.中国蔬菜,2010(22):21-27.LIU X Y,CHANG T T,GUO S R,et al.Effect of irradiation with blue and red LED on fruit quality of cherry tomato during growth period.China Vegetables,2010(22):21-27.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]阳圣莹,白胜,蒋浩宏,等.不同补光处理对设施草莓光合特性及果实品质的影响.山西农业科学,2016,44(9):1298-1303.YANG S Y,BAI S,JIANG H H,et al.Effect of different supplemental lighting treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of strawberry in greenhouse.Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(9):1298-1303.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]刘晓英.LED光源对樱桃番茄生育和光合作用影响的研究.南京:南京农业大学,2010:66-74.LIU X Y.Studies for effect of LED light on growth and development,photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2010:66-74.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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