摘要
采用流延法制备了醋酸酯淀粉(AS)∶尿素(UR)∶稻壳生物炭(RHBC)质量比分别为8∶1∶1、8∶2∶1、8∶4∶1的RHBC/AS-UR复合膜,利用SEM、FTIR、XRD、TGA等测试手段对RHBC/AS-UR复合膜的微观形态和结构性能进行了研究,采用流化床喷雾包膜装置制备了RHBC/AS-UR包膜UR肥并测试了其释放特性。结果表明:RHBC能够均匀的分散于RHBC/AS-UR复合膜中,与UR-AS交联体间形成了"固体桥"的微观结构,结合紧密,同时,RHBC的添加可以提高复合膜的热稳定性。UR的添加可以提高复合膜的延展性能,当UR质量分数为18.2wt%时,RHBC/AS-18.2wt%UR复合膜的力学性能达到最佳,断裂伸长率提高了约500%。UR释放特性试验结果表明,与未包膜UR相比,不同质量比的RHBC/AS-UR包膜UR均能有效降低UR态氮的释放速率,其中,RHBC/AS-18.2wt%UR包膜UR在连续24h浸泡后的总释放率最小(81%),表现出更好的缓慢释放性能。
The rice husk biochar/acetate starch-urea(RHBC/AS-UR)composite films were prepared by casting method with different AS∶UR∶RHBC mass ratios of 8∶1∶1,8∶2∶1,8∶4∶1,respectively.The micromorphology and structure properties of the RHBC/AS-UR composite films were investigated by SEM,FTIR,XRD and TGA.The RHBC/AS-UR composite-coated UR fertilizers were prepared in a spouted fluidized bed coating equipment and its release characteristics were tested.The results show that the rice husk biochar can be uniformly dispersed in the RHBC/AS-UR composite film and has good bonding with AS-UR in a"solid bridge"structure.In the mean time,the thermal stability of RHBC/AS-UR composite films is enhanced by adding RHBC.The adding of UR can improve the ductility of RHBC/AS-UR composite film.When the mass fraction of UR is 18.2 wt%,the best mechanical properties of the RHBC/AS-18.2 wt%UR composite film can be reached and the elongation at break increases by 500%.Compared to the pure UR granule without and with RHBC/AS-UR coating,the UR coated with different mass ratios of RHBC/AS-UR composite films can effectively reduce the release rate of UR-N.The total release rate of RHBC/AS-18.2 wt%UR coated UR is the lowest(only 81%),which exhibits better slow-release property.
引文
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