分散剂涂覆处理对碳纤维在油性基体中分散性能的影响
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摘要
目的获取效果较好的碳纤维在油性基体中的分散处理方法。方法采用IW,SCAT,MLBH(脂肪醇醚磷酸酯盐)和TEDPS四种分散剂对碳纤维进行涂覆处理,之后于溶剂油D80中分散,以表面电荷量和浊度值对其分散性进行评价,并分析分散剂浓度、分散剂类型、碳纤维长度、分散体系碳纤维浓度对分散效果的影响。对最佳条件下分散前后的碳纤维进行表面形貌结构与化学组成的对比表征。结果采用四种分散剂对碳纤维表面进行涂覆处理,均能有效改善碳纤维在油性材料中的分散性,其中以油溶性离子型表面活性剂MLBH的处理效果最好。分散剂浓度存在一最佳值;碳纤维越长,越不利于分散;分散体系碳纤维浓度越低,越有利于分散。结论 MLBH最佳浸丝浓度为0.3%(质量分数)。考虑到工业应用需求,浸丝后的碳纤维以长度10 mm、质量浓度50 mg/L进行分散时,分散效果最好。
Objective To obtain a good method for carbon fiber dispersion in the oily substrate. Methods The carbon fibers were firstly processed by dispersants IW,SCAT,MLBH( fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt) and TEDPS,and then dispersed in solvent D80. The surface charge and the turbidity value were used to evaluate the dispersibility,and to analyze the effect of dispersant types or its concentration and the length or concentration of the carbon fiber on the dispersion. The surface morphological structure and chemical composition of carbon fiber before and after leaching silk were characterized comparatively. Results Coating the surface of carbon fibers by different types of dispersing agents could significantly improve the dispersion of carbon fiber in oil material,and fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt( MLBH) was superior to the others. Dispersant concentration showed an optimal value: the longer the carbon fiber,the worse the dispersion; and the lower the concentration of carbon fiber,the better the dispersion. Conclusion Dispersants spread evenly on the carbon fiber surface when the leaching silk concentration of MLBH was 0. 3%( mass fraction),and the dispersion effect was the best. Considering the demand of industrial application,to have the maximum dispersion effect,the dispersion length and the mass fraction of carbon fibers should be 10 mm and 50 mg / L,respectively.
Objective To obtain a good method for carbon fiber dispersion in the oily substrate. Methods The carbon fibers were firstly processed by dispersants IW,SCAT,MLBH( fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt) and TEDPS,and then dispersed in solvent D80. The surface charge and the turbidity value were used to evaluate the dispersibility,and to analyze the effect of dispersant types or its concentration and the length or concentration of the carbon fiber on the dispersion. The surface morphological structure and chemical composition of carbon fiber before and after leaching silk were characterized comparatively. Results Coating the surface of carbon fibers by different types of dispersing agents could significantly improve the dispersion of carbon fiber in oil material,and fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt( MLBH) was superior to the others. Dispersant concentration showed an optimal value: the longer the carbon fiber,the worse the dispersion; and the lower the concentration of carbon fiber,the better the dispersion. Conclusion Dispersants spread evenly on the carbon fiber surface when the leaching silk concentration of MLBH was 0. 3%( mass fraction),and the dispersion effect was the best. Considering the demand of industrial application,to have the maximum dispersion effect,the dispersion length and the mass fraction of carbon fibers should be 10 mm and 50 mg / L,respectively.
引文
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[17]CAO J,CHUNG D D L.Improving the Dispersion of Steel Fibers in Cement Mortar by the Addition of Silane[J].Cement Concrete Research,2001,31(2):309—311.
[18]AIMIN X,CHANDRA S.Influence of Polymer Addition on the Rate of Carbonation of Portland Cement Paste[J].Internet Cement Composites Lightweight Concrete,1988,10(1):49—52.
[2]王垚,吴珺,魏飞,等.破碎-絮凝法分离细长碳纳米管和碳纤维[J].物理化学学报,2003,19(4):376—379.WANG Yao,WU Jun,WEI Fei,et al.Breaking and Flocculating Purification of Thin-Long Carbon Nanotubes from Carbon Fibers[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2003,19(4):376—379.
[3]魏克成,陆冬云,周涵,等.丁二酰亚胺类分散剂体系的介观模拟研究[J].物理化学学报,2004,20(6):602—607.WEI Ke-cheng,LU Dong-yun,ZHOU Han,et al.Mesoscale Simulation for Succinimide Dispersant Systems[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2004,20(6):602—607.
[4]何永贵,金舜,吕林女,等.羟丙基甲基纤维素对碳纤维分散性的影响[J].功能材料,2010,41(6):1034—1037.HE Yong-gui,JIN Shun,LV Lin-nv,et al.Effect of HPMC on the Dispersibility of Carbon Fiber[J].Journal of Function Materials,2010,41(6):1034—1037.
[5]钱觉时,谢从波,邢海娟,等.聚羧酸减水剂对水泥基材料中碳纤维分散性的影响[J].功能材料,2013,44(16):2389—2393.QIAN Jue-shi,XIE Cong-bo,XING Hai-juan,et al.Effect of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on Dispersion of Carbon Fiber in Cement-based Material[J].Journal of Function Materials,2013,44(16):2389—2393.
[6]WANG C,LI K Z,LI H J,et al.Effect of Carbon Fiber Dispersion on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber-reinforced Cement-based Composites[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2008,487(1/2):52—57.
[7]CAO J Y,CHUNG D D L.Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Mortar Improved by Using Acrylic Dispersion as an Admixture[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2001,27(5):1633—1637.
[8]KIM S J,YUN S M,LEE Y S.Characterization of Nanocrystalline Porous Si C Powder by Electrospinning and Cabothermal Reduction[J].Ind.Eng.Chem.,2010,16(2):273—277.
[9]吕小军,张琦,刁鹏,等.用电化学法研究碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的腐蚀失效行为[J].复合材料学报,2005,2(3):35—39.LYU Xiao-jun,ZHANG Qi,DIAO Peng,et al.Study on Corrosive Failure Behavior of Carbon Fibers[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2005,2(3):35—39.
[10]从杰.PAN碳纤维电化学表面改性及其复合材料界面性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.CONG Jie.Effects of the Electrochemical Modification of PAN-based Carbon Fibers and the Interface Properties of Its Composite[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008.
[11]JUNG M J,KIM J W,IM J S,et al.Nitrogen and Hydrogen Adsorption of Activated Carbon Fibers Modified by Fluorination[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2009,15(3):410—414.
[12]IM J S,JANG J S,LEE Y S.Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Electrospun Carbon Fibers Derived from Silica Template[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2009,15(6):914—918.
[13]SANDLDER J,SHAFFER M S P,WINDLE A H.Development of a Dispersion Process for Carbon Nanotubes in an Epoxy Matrix and the Resulting Electrical Properties[J].Polymer,1999,40(21):5967—5971.
[14]BANTHIA N,YAN C,SAKAI K.Impact Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete at Subnormal Temperature[J].Cement Concrete Composites,1998,20(5):393—404.
[15]YAN H,SUN W,CHEN H.Effect of Silica Fume and Steel Fiber on the Dynamic Mechanical Performance of Highstrength Concrete[J].Cement Concrete Research,1999,29(3):423—426.
[16]王闯,李克智,李贺军.短碳纤维在不同分散剂中的分散性[J].精细化工,2007,24(1):1—4.WANG Chuang,LI Ke-zhi,LI He-jun.The Dispersivity of Short Carbon Fibers in Different Dispersants[J].Fine Chemicals,2007,24(1):1—4.
[17]CAO J,CHUNG D D L.Improving the Dispersion of Steel Fibers in Cement Mortar by the Addition of Silane[J].Cement Concrete Research,2001,31(2):309—311.
[18]AIMIN X,CHANDRA S.Influence of Polymer Addition on the Rate of Carbonation of Portland Cement Paste[J].Internet Cement Composites Lightweight Concrete,1988,10(1):49—52.