黑方台台塬斜坡变形破坏的结构面效应研究
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摘要
结构面对于黑方台台塬斜坡变形破坏的影响研究成果较多,但以单方面研究为主,较少进行系统研究,因此通过对黑方台台塬结构面类型及其组合特征以及斜坡变形破坏类型和特征的分析可知:研究区结构面类型主要包括节理裂隙、层面、接触面、断层和临空面,结构面组合类型分2大类8小类,各类型具有自身的结构特征和分布特征;结构面及其组合对黑方台台塬斜坡变形破坏类型选择和空间分布选择控制效应明显,特别是对滑坡类型选择和空间分布的影响。
The structural plane effect on the deformation and failure of the Heifangtai tableland slope has been well studied; however, such studies mainly focus on a single side, and only few systematic studies have been conducted. Therefore, based on the analysis of the structural plane types and the combination characteristics, the deformation and failure types, and the characteristics of the slope, in this work, it was found that the structural surface types in the study area mainly include joint fissures, layers, interfaces, faults, and free face; the combination types of structural planes are divided into two classes and eight subclasses, and each type has its own structural characteristics and distribution characteristics. The slope deformation and failure types and the spatial distribution selection of Heifangtai tableland slopes are significantly affected by the structural planes and their combination.
The structural plane effect on the deformation and failure of the Heifangtai tableland slope has been well studied; however, such studies mainly focus on a single side, and only few systematic studies have been conducted. Therefore, based on the analysis of the structural plane types and the combination characteristics, the deformation and failure types, and the characteristics of the slope, in this work, it was found that the structural surface types in the study area mainly include joint fissures, layers, interfaces, faults, and free face; the combination types of structural planes are divided into two classes and eight subclasses, and each type has its own structural characteristics and distribution characteristics. The slope deformation and failure types and the spatial distribution selection of Heifangtai tableland slopes are significantly affected by the structural planes and their combination.
引文
[1] 张茂省.引水灌区黄土地质灾害成因机制与防控技术:以黄河三峡库区甘肃黑方台移民灌区为例[J].地质通报,2013,32(6):833-839.ZHANG Maosheng.Formation Mechanism as Well as Prevention and Controlling Techniques of Loess Geo-Hazards in Irrigated Areas:A Case Study of Heifangtai Immigration Area in the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yellow River[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2013,32(6):833-839.
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[8] 武彩霞,戴福初,闵弘,等.台塬塬顶裂缝对黄土斜坡水文响应的影响[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(5):1512-1519.WU Caixia,DAI Fuchu,MIN Hong,et al.Influence of Cracks at the Platform on Hydrologic Response of Loess Slope[J].Journal of Jilin Unviersity (Earth Science Edition),2011,41(5):1512-1519.
[9] XU L,DAI F C,THAM L G,et al.Investigating Landslide-Related Cracks along the Edge of Two Loess Platforms in Northwest China[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2012,37(10):1023-1033.
[10] 刘东生.中国的黄土堆积[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.LIU Dongsheng.The Accumulation of loess in China.Beijing:Science Press,1965.
[11] 赵法锁.基底形态对黄土斜坡的形成及稳定性的影响[J].西北地质,1994,27(3):70-73,69.ZHAO Fasuo.Influence of Basement Morphology on the Formation and Stability of Loess Slope[J].Northwestern Geology,1994,27(3):70-73,69.
[12] WEN B P,WANG S J,WANG E Z,et al.Deformation Characteristics of Loess Landslide along the Contact between Loess and Neocene Red Mudstone[J].Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition,2005,79(1):139-151.
[13] 吴玮江,宿星,刘伟,等.黄土-泥岩接触面滑坡的特征与成因[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(5):1167-1175.WU Weijiang,SU Xing,LIU Wei,et al.Loess-Mudstone Interface Landslides:Characteristics and Causes[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(5):1167-1175.
[14] PENG J B,LENG Y Q,ZHU X H,et al.Development of a Loess-Mudstone Landslide in a Fault Fracture Zone[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(8):658.
[15] 贾雪梅,梁收运.黄土-基岩不整合面与滑坡的关系[J].地球科学期刊(中英文版),2013(3):88-94.JIA Xuemei,LIANG Shouyun.Relations between Loess-Bedrock Unconformity Surface and Landslide[J].Scientific Journal of Earth Science,2013(3):88-94.
[16] 张雷.黄土斜坡地质灾害的接触面效应研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.ZHANG Lei.Study on Contact Surface Effect of Geological Disasters Occurred in Loess Slopes Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2016.
[17] 吴万炯.黑方台构造地貌条件及其灾害效应[D].兰州:兰州大学,2015.WU Wanjiong.Tectonic Landform Conditions and Its Hazard Effect in Heifangtai Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2015.
[18] 杨柳.黑方台岩层产状对黄土-基岩滑坡的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.YANG Liu.Effects of the Attitude of Bedrock on the Loess-Bedrock Landslide in Heifangtai Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2013.
[19] 马建全.黑方台灌区台缘黄土滑坡稳定性研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.MA Jianquan.Stability Analysis of Loess Landslide in Loess Tableland Edge of Heifangtai Irrigation Area[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2012.
[20] XU L,DAI F C,TU X B,et al.Landslides in a Loess Platform,North-West China[J].Landslides,2014,11(6):993-1005.
[2] 陈小军.黑方台台塬斜坡演化特征研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2017.CHEN Xiaojun.Study on Evolution Features about Loess Slope of Heifangtai[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2017.
[3] ZENG R Q,MENG X M,ZHANG F Y,et al.Characterizing Hydrological Processes on Loess Slopes Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography-A Case Study of the Heifangtai Terrace,Northwest China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2016,541:742-753.
[4] 毛举.黄土裂隙对斜坡变形破坏的控制作用[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.MAO Ju.Controlling Effects of Loess Fissure on the Slope Deformation and Failure[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2016.
[5] 卢全中,彭建兵,陈志新,等.黄土高原地区黄土裂隙发育特征及其规律研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(5):191-194.LU Quanzhong,PENG Jianbing,CHEN Zhixin,et al.Research on Characteristics of Cracks and Fissures of Loess and Their Distribution in Loess Plateau of China[J].Journal of Soil Water Conservation,2005,19(5):191-194.
[6] 彭建兵,李庆春,陈志新,等.黄土洞穴灾害[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.PENG Jiangbing,LI Qingchun,CHEN Zhixin,et al.Loess Cave Disaster[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008.
[7] 许领,戴福初,邝国麟,等.台缘裂缝发育特征、成因机制及其对黄土滑坡的意义[J].地质论评,2009,55(1):85-90.XU Ling,DAI Fuchu,Kuang Guolin,et al.Characteristics and Forming Mechanisms of the Plateau-Edge Cracks and TheirSignificance to Loess Landslides[J].Geological Review,2009,55(1):85-90.
[8] 武彩霞,戴福初,闵弘,等.台塬塬顶裂缝对黄土斜坡水文响应的影响[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(5):1512-1519.WU Caixia,DAI Fuchu,MIN Hong,et al.Influence of Cracks at the Platform on Hydrologic Response of Loess Slope[J].Journal of Jilin Unviersity (Earth Science Edition),2011,41(5):1512-1519.
[9] XU L,DAI F C,THAM L G,et al.Investigating Landslide-Related Cracks along the Edge of Two Loess Platforms in Northwest China[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2012,37(10):1023-1033.
[10] 刘东生.中国的黄土堆积[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.LIU Dongsheng.The Accumulation of loess in China.Beijing:Science Press,1965.
[11] 赵法锁.基底形态对黄土斜坡的形成及稳定性的影响[J].西北地质,1994,27(3):70-73,69.ZHAO Fasuo.Influence of Basement Morphology on the Formation and Stability of Loess Slope[J].Northwestern Geology,1994,27(3):70-73,69.
[12] WEN B P,WANG S J,WANG E Z,et al.Deformation Characteristics of Loess Landslide along the Contact between Loess and Neocene Red Mudstone[J].Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition,2005,79(1):139-151.
[13] 吴玮江,宿星,刘伟,等.黄土-泥岩接触面滑坡的特征与成因[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(5):1167-1175.WU Weijiang,SU Xing,LIU Wei,et al.Loess-Mudstone Interface Landslides:Characteristics and Causes[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(5):1167-1175.
[14] PENG J B,LENG Y Q,ZHU X H,et al.Development of a Loess-Mudstone Landslide in a Fault Fracture Zone[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(8):658.
[15] 贾雪梅,梁收运.黄土-基岩不整合面与滑坡的关系[J].地球科学期刊(中英文版),2013(3):88-94.JIA Xuemei,LIANG Shouyun.Relations between Loess-Bedrock Unconformity Surface and Landslide[J].Scientific Journal of Earth Science,2013(3):88-94.
[16] 张雷.黄土斜坡地质灾害的接触面效应研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2016.ZHANG Lei.Study on Contact Surface Effect of Geological Disasters Occurred in Loess Slopes Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2016.
[17] 吴万炯.黑方台构造地貌条件及其灾害效应[D].兰州:兰州大学,2015.WU Wanjiong.Tectonic Landform Conditions and Its Hazard Effect in Heifangtai Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2015.
[18] 杨柳.黑方台岩层产状对黄土-基岩滑坡的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.YANG Liu.Effects of the Attitude of Bedrock on the Loess-Bedrock Landslide in Heifangtai Area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2013.
[19] 马建全.黑方台灌区台缘黄土滑坡稳定性研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.MA Jianquan.Stability Analysis of Loess Landslide in Loess Tableland Edge of Heifangtai Irrigation Area[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2012.
[20] XU L,DAI F C,TU X B,et al.Landslides in a Loess Platform,North-West China[J].Landslides,2014,11(6):993-1005.