无花果一年两造高效栽培技术
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摘要
为解决广西地区无花果产量及果实品质问题,通过整形修剪及调整栽培管理方法,探讨不同时期修剪及不同栽培管理手段对产量、果实品质及经济效益的影响。结果表明,夏果将果树修剪时间调控在1月中下旬,施肥量为80～120 kg/667m2;5月喷2次浓度为0.2%～0.3%的磷酸二氢钾,每次间隔7～10 d,生长期间抹去侧芽;6月初打顶;成熟季节为6～8月初;秋果修剪时间在8月上旬,修剪方法为轻剪,施肥量为50～100 kg/667m2;10月喷3次浓度为0.1%～0.2%的磷酸二氢钾,每次间隔10 d,生长期间抹去侧芽;11月初打顶;成熟季节为11月至次年1月中旬。此方法可以增加果实产量,提高果实品质,调节果实采收期,是增加无花果产量及经济效益的有效技术手段。
In order to increase fig yield and improve fig fruit quality in Guangxi planting regions, the effects of pruning and cultivation managements in different growing stages on yield, fruit quality and economic benefits were analyzed. The results showed that for fig fruit in summer fig was pruned in mid-tolate January and applied with fertilizer at a rate of 80-120 kg/ha, sprayed twice with potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2%-0.3% in May at an interval of 7-10 days with removal of lateral buds at the growth stage, and topped in early June, and the fruits were mature from June to August. For autumn fruit fig was pruned gently in late August, addressed with fertilizer at 50-100 kg/ha, sprayed thrice with potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.1%-0.2% in October at an interval of 10 days, with lateral buds removed during the growth stage, and topped in early November, and the fruits mature from November to January. This method could increase fruit yield, improve fruit quality and regulate fruit harvesting stage. It is an effective technical means to increase fig yield and economic benefits.
In order to increase fig yield and improve fig fruit quality in Guangxi planting regions, the effects of pruning and cultivation managements in different growing stages on yield, fruit quality and economic benefits were analyzed. The results showed that for fig fruit in summer fig was pruned in mid-tolate January and applied with fertilizer at a rate of 80-120 kg/ha, sprayed twice with potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2%-0.3% in May at an interval of 7-10 days with removal of lateral buds at the growth stage, and topped in early June, and the fruits were mature from June to August. For autumn fruit fig was pruned gently in late August, addressed with fertilizer at 50-100 kg/ha, sprayed thrice with potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.1%-0.2% in October at an interval of 10 days, with lateral buds removed during the growth stage, and topped in early November, and the fruits mature from November to January. This method could increase fruit yield, improve fruit quality and regulate fruit harvesting stage. It is an effective technical means to increase fig yield and economic benefits.
引文
[1]马会勤.从无花果产业看中国特色农业发展之路[J].中国农村科技,2015(2):32-33.
[2]刘亚群,张都海,张飞英,等.不同无花果品种扦插生长特性研究[J].浙江林业科技, 2016, 36(6):36-41.
[3]孙锐,贾明,孙蕾.世界无花果资源发展现状及应用研究[J].世界林业研究,2015,28(3):31-36.
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[5]沈元月.我国无花果发展现状、问题及对策[J].中国园艺文摘,2018(2):75-78.
[6]刘琦. 5个引进无花果品种的表现及丰产栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2017,49(2):27-28.
[7]王同勇,杨鹤,薛玉平,等. 7个无花果品种在威海的引种表现及栽培技术[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(2):161-166.
[8]曾玉华,禹华芳,周静,等.湘中地区无花果“双膜一网”设施栽培技术[J].中国果树,2017(6):86-89.
[9]张春秀.南方无花果栽培技术[J].现代园艺,2015(3):36.
[10]王世镇.无花果栽培及管理综合生产技术[J].现代园艺,2018(5):49-51.
[11]杨鹤,王同勇,吕毅,等.无花果设施栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2017,49(5):47-49.
[12]吕汝坦,陈敬坤,王如社,等.无花果栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2018(18):64-65.
[13]高扬,李树海,杨丽芳,等.天津地区无花果栽培现状及展望[J].天津农业科技,2017,10(5):45-46.
[2]刘亚群,张都海,张飞英,等.不同无花果品种扦插生长特性研究[J].浙江林业科技, 2016, 36(6):36-41.
[3]孙锐,贾明,孙蕾.世界无花果资源发展现状及应用研究[J].世界林业研究,2015,28(3):31-36.
[4]豆玉娟,李晓阳,孙洪强,等.辽西地区无花果引种实验[J].现代园艺科技,2017(2):75-76.
[5]沈元月.我国无花果发展现状、问题及对策[J].中国园艺文摘,2018(2):75-78.
[6]刘琦. 5个引进无花果品种的表现及丰产栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2017,49(2):27-28.
[7]王同勇,杨鹤,薛玉平,等. 7个无花果品种在威海的引种表现及栽培技术[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(2):161-166.
[8]曾玉华,禹华芳,周静,等.湘中地区无花果“双膜一网”设施栽培技术[J].中国果树,2017(6):86-89.
[9]张春秀.南方无花果栽培技术[J].现代园艺,2015(3):36.
[10]王世镇.无花果栽培及管理综合生产技术[J].现代园艺,2018(5):49-51.
[11]杨鹤,王同勇,吕毅,等.无花果设施栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2017,49(5):47-49.
[12]吕汝坦,陈敬坤,王如社,等.无花果栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2018(18):64-65.
[13]高扬,李树海,杨丽芳,等.天津地区无花果栽培现状及展望[J].天津农业科技,2017,10(5):45-46.