3个梅花品种幼苗耐盐性综合评价
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摘要
【目的】研究不同梅花(Prunus mume)品种幼苗的耐盐性,为梅花盐碱土地区推广应用提供依据。【方法】以香雪宫粉、丰后、美人3个梅花品种1年生自根苗为试材,设置土壤NaCl含量分别为0(对照),3,6,9,12,15 g/kg,处理35 d后观测不同含量NaCl胁迫下3个梅花品种的盐害指数、盐害率以及叶片的形态、生长和生理指标的变化;采用主成分分析法和隶属函数法相结合的方法,对3个梅花品种耐盐性进行综合评价。【结果】(1)随着NaCl胁迫含量的升高,3个梅花品种盐害指数和盐害率均逐渐增大,叶长、叶宽、株高、新梢长度生长量总体呈下降趋势。(2)与对照相比,NaCl胁迫后3个梅花品种相对电导率,游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和SOD、POD活性总体呈上升趋势;叶片组织含水量总体呈下降趋势。随着NaCl含量的升高,香雪宫粉MDA含量呈先升后降趋势,丰后和美人MDA含量呈升-降-升的趋势。(3)3个梅花品种耐盐能力从强到弱依次为香雪宫粉>丰后>美人。【结论】香雪宫粉、丰后、美人3个梅花品种幼苗的耐盐性有差异,其耐盐阈值分别是6.96, 6.53,6.09 g/kg,耐盐能力从强到弱依次为香雪宫粉>丰后>美人。
【Objective】 This study investigated salt resistance of different P. mume varieties to provide theoretical basis for promoting the application of P. mume in saline soil.【Method】 One-year-old own-rooted seedlings of P. mume Xiangxue Gongfen,Fenghou,and Meiren were tested for 35 d under salt stresses of 0(control),3,6,9,12,and 15 g/kg.The salt injury index,salt injury rate,and form,growth and physiology indicators of leaves were observed to investigate the morphological and physiological responses to salt stress.Principal component analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluated the slat tolerance.【Result】(1) With the increase of soil NaCl content,the salt injury index and salt injury rate of three P. mume varieties gradually increased,while the increments of leaf length,leaf width,stem length,and new shoots length decreased.(2) Compare with the control,the relative conductivity,contents of free protein, soluble sugar and soluble protein content,and SOD and POD activities increased,while leaf tissue moisture decreased.With the increase of soil NaCl content,MDA content of Xiangxue Gongfen increased firstly and then decreased.MDA contents of Fenghou and Meiren increased firstly and then decreased and increased in the end.(3) The overall salt tolerance was in the order of Xiangxue Gongfen>Fenghou>Meiren.【Conclusion】 There were differences in salt resistance among three P. mume varieties.The salt tolerance thresholds of Xiangxue Gongfen,Fenghou,and Meiren were in the decreasing order of 6.96,6.53,and 6.09.The overall salt tolerance was in the order of Xiangxue Gongfen>Fenghou>Mei-ren.
【Objective】 This study investigated salt resistance of different P. mume varieties to provide theoretical basis for promoting the application of P. mume in saline soil.【Method】 One-year-old own-rooted seedlings of P. mume Xiangxue Gongfen,Fenghou,and Meiren were tested for 35 d under salt stresses of 0(control),3,6,9,12,and 15 g/kg.The salt injury index,salt injury rate,and form,growth and physiology indicators of leaves were observed to investigate the morphological and physiological responses to salt stress.Principal component analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluated the slat tolerance.【Result】(1) With the increase of soil NaCl content,the salt injury index and salt injury rate of three P. mume varieties gradually increased,while the increments of leaf length,leaf width,stem length,and new shoots length decreased.(2) Compare with the control,the relative conductivity,contents of free protein, soluble sugar and soluble protein content,and SOD and POD activities increased,while leaf tissue moisture decreased.With the increase of soil NaCl content,MDA content of Xiangxue Gongfen increased firstly and then decreased.MDA contents of Fenghou and Meiren increased firstly and then decreased and increased in the end.(3) The overall salt tolerance was in the order of Xiangxue Gongfen>Fenghou>Meiren.【Conclusion】 There were differences in salt resistance among three P. mume varieties.The salt tolerance thresholds of Xiangxue Gongfen,Fenghou,and Meiren were in the decreasing order of 6.96,6.53,and 6.09.The overall salt tolerance was in the order of Xiangxue Gongfen>Fenghou>Mei-ren.
引文
[1] 张启翔.梅花品种抗寒性的比较分析 [J].北京林学院学报,1985(2):47-56.Zhang Q X.A comparative study on differences in cold hardiness in some of Mei flower cultivars [J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,1985(2):47-56.
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[3] 段美红,李文广,高祥利,等.三种梅花品种枝条抗寒性研究 [C]//中国园艺学会.中国观赏园艺研究进展.福建厦门:中国林业出版社,2015:495-499.Duan M H,Li W G,Gao X L,et al.Study on cold tolerance of three varieties of Prunus mume [C]//Chinese Society for Horticultural Science.Advances in ornamental horticulture of China.Xiamen,Fujian:China Forestry Publishing House,2015:495-499.
[4] 李庆卫.川、滇、藏、黔野梅种质资源调查和梅花抗寒品种区域试验的研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2009.Li Q W.Studies on investigation of wild Mei germplasm resources of Sichuan,Yunnan,Tibet and Guizhou province as well as regional tests of hardy mei cultivars in north China [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2009.
[5] 张秦英.抗寒梅花品种区域试验及离体培养的研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2004.Zhang Q Y.Studies on regional in vitro culture of hardy Mei flower (Prunus mume) cultivars [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2004.
[6] 彭婷.不同梅花品种CBF/DREB1同源基因的克隆及功能分析 [D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.Peng T.Cloning and functional analysis of CBF/DREB1 homologous genes in Mei cultivars with constrating levels of freezing tolerance [D].Wuhan,Huazhong Agriculture University,2016.
[7] 过聪.梅花CBF/DREB1同源基因的克隆和功能的初步分析 [D].武汉:华中农业大学,2010.Guo C.Cloning and primary functional analysis of CBF/DREB1 homologous genes in Prunus mume [D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agriculture University,2016.
[8] 张秦英,陈俊愉,魏淑秋.梅花在中国分布北界变化的研究 [J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(S1):35-37.Zhang Q Y,Chen J Y,Wei S Q.The change of Mei’s north boundary of distribution in China [J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2007,29(S1):35-37.
[9] 胡晓立,李彦慧,陈东亮,等.3种李属彩叶植物对NaCl胁迫的生理响应 [J].西北植物学报,2010,30(2):370-376.Hu X L,Li Y H,Chen D L,et al.Physiological responses of three colored-leaf species of Prunus under NaCl stress [J].Acta Bot Boreal-occident Sin,2010,30(2):370-376.
[10] 赵丽君,阿布都外力·木米尼,曲艳华,等.山桃抗盐碱性评价 [J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(4):87-90.Zhao L J,Abuduwaili·mumini,Qu Y H,et al.Evaluation on the resistance of Prunus davidiana (Carr.) to salinity and alkalinity [J].Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture,2014,29(4):87-90.
[11] Karim S,Behrouz S,Vahid R,et al.Salt stress induction of some key antioxidant enzymes and metabolites in eight Iranian wild almond species [J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2012,34(1):203-213.
[12] Chatzissavvidis C,Veneti G,Papadakis I,et al.Effect of NaCl and CaCl2 on the antioxidant mechanism of leaves and stems of the root stock CAB-6P (Prunus cerasus L.) under in vitro conditions [J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult,2008,95(1):37-45.
[13] 杨佳鑫,李庆卫,刘玉霞,等.NaCl胁迫对梅花和山桃种子萌发及生理特性的影响 [J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(2):94-99.Yang J X,Li Q W,Liu Y X,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on germination and physiological characteristics of Prunus mume and Prunus davidiana seeds [J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2018,33(2):94-99.
[14] 张会丽,袁闯,朱林,等.利用隶属函数值法对玉米成熟期耐盐性的综合评价 [J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(2):47-55.Zhang H L,Yuan C,Zhu L,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of salt-tolerance of maize at mature period using subordinate function value analysis [J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2018,46(2):47-55.
[15] 高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Gao J F.Plant physiology experiment guidance [M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[16] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Li H S.Experimental principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry [M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[17] 高茜.贮藏温度对红砂种子生理特性的影响 [D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2013.Gao Q.Effect of storage temperature on physiological characteristics of Reaumuria soongorica seeds [D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2013.
[18] 雷燕.地被菊耐荫性研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.Lei Y.Study on shade tolerance of Ground-cover Chrysanthemum [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2015.
[19] 魏秀君,殷云龙,芦治国,等.NaCl胁迫对5种绿化植物幼苗生长和生理指标的影响及耐盐性综合评价 [J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(2):35-42.Wei X J,Yin Y L,Lu Z G,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on growth and physiological indexes of five greening plants eedlings and comprehensive evaluation of their salt tolerance [J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2011,20(2):35-42.
[20] 周广生,梅方竹,周竹青,等.小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测 [J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1378-1382.Zhou G S,Mei F Z,Zhou Z Q,et al.Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indices of waterlogging resistance of different wheat varieties [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(11):1378-1382.
[21] 刘友良,汪良驹.植物对盐胁迫的反应和耐盐性 [M]//余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子植物学.2版.北京:科学出版社,1998.Liu Y L,Wang L J.Plant reaction to salt stress and salt tolerance [M]// Yu S W,Tang Z C.Plant physiology and molecular botany.2nd edition.Beijing:Science Press,1998.
[22] 任志彬.锦带花耐盐性研究 [D].河北保定:河北农业大学,2011.Ren Z B.Studies of salt resistance of Weigela florida [D].Baoding,Hebei:Hebei Agriculture University,2011.
[23] 龚理.烟草品种耐盐性指标筛选及综合评价 [D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2009.Gong L.Screening and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance indexes of tobacco varieties [D].Changsha:Hunan Agriculture University,2009.
[24] 张兆英,于秀俊.植物抗盐性评价生理指标的分析 [J].沧州师范专科学校学报,2006,22(4):51-53.Zhang Z Y,Yu J X.Analysis of physiological index about plant’s salt-tolerance evaluation [J].Journal of Cangzhou Teachers ’ College,2006,22(4):51-53.
[25] 郭艳超,王文成,李克晔,等.NaCl胁迫对八棱海棠幼苗生长及其生理指标的影响 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(28):130-134.Guo Y C,Wang W C,Li K Y,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on the growth and some physiological indexes of Malus robusta Rehd [J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(28):130-134.
[26] 纪凯婷.夏蜡梅幼苗年生长规律和耐盐性研究 [D].南京:南京林业大学,2014.Ji K T.Studies on annual growth rhythm and salt-tolerance of Sinocalycanthus chinensis seedlings [D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2014.
[27] 黄广远.盐胁迫对臭椿生长和生理的影响 [D].南京:南京林业大学,2012.Huang G Y.Effects of salt stress on growth and physiology of Ailanthus altissima [D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2012.
[28] 叶而根·夏依木拉提.盐胁迫对雪菊种子萌发及幼苗生理和生长特性的影响 [D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015.Elgen·Chaimurat.Effects of salt stress on Coreopsis tinctoria seed germination and its ssedlings physiological and growth characteristics [D].Urumqi:Xinjiang Agriculture University,2015.
[29] 王治钞.8种园林植物的耐盐性研究 [D].福州:福建农林大学,2014.Wang Z C.Study on salt tolerance ability of 8 landscape plants [D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2014.
[30] 刘行.金露梅耐盐生理特性研究 [D].河北保定:河北农业大学,2009.Liu X.Study of salt stress on the physiological characteristics in Potentilla fruticosa L.[D].Baoding,Hebei:Hebei Agriculture University,2009.
[2] 张文娇.‘东方朱砂’等5个梅花品种生理特性及梅花造景研究 [D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2011.Zhang W J.Study on the physiological of 5 cultivars of Prunus mume such as ‘Dongfang zhusha’ and Prunus mume in landscape [D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang A&F University,2011.
[3] 段美红,李文广,高祥利,等.三种梅花品种枝条抗寒性研究 [C]//中国园艺学会.中国观赏园艺研究进展.福建厦门:中国林业出版社,2015:495-499.Duan M H,Li W G,Gao X L,et al.Study on cold tolerance of three varieties of Prunus mume [C]//Chinese Society for Horticultural Science.Advances in ornamental horticulture of China.Xiamen,Fujian:China Forestry Publishing House,2015:495-499.
[4] 李庆卫.川、滇、藏、黔野梅种质资源调查和梅花抗寒品种区域试验的研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2009.Li Q W.Studies on investigation of wild Mei germplasm resources of Sichuan,Yunnan,Tibet and Guizhou province as well as regional tests of hardy mei cultivars in north China [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2009.
[5] 张秦英.抗寒梅花品种区域试验及离体培养的研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2004.Zhang Q Y.Studies on regional in vitro culture of hardy Mei flower (Prunus mume) cultivars [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2004.
[6] 彭婷.不同梅花品种CBF/DREB1同源基因的克隆及功能分析 [D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.Peng T.Cloning and functional analysis of CBF/DREB1 homologous genes in Mei cultivars with constrating levels of freezing tolerance [D].Wuhan,Huazhong Agriculture University,2016.
[7] 过聪.梅花CBF/DREB1同源基因的克隆和功能的初步分析 [D].武汉:华中农业大学,2010.Guo C.Cloning and primary functional analysis of CBF/DREB1 homologous genes in Prunus mume [D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agriculture University,2016.
[8] 张秦英,陈俊愉,魏淑秋.梅花在中国分布北界变化的研究 [J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(S1):35-37.Zhang Q Y,Chen J Y,Wei S Q.The change of Mei’s north boundary of distribution in China [J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2007,29(S1):35-37.
[9] 胡晓立,李彦慧,陈东亮,等.3种李属彩叶植物对NaCl胁迫的生理响应 [J].西北植物学报,2010,30(2):370-376.Hu X L,Li Y H,Chen D L,et al.Physiological responses of three colored-leaf species of Prunus under NaCl stress [J].Acta Bot Boreal-occident Sin,2010,30(2):370-376.
[10] 赵丽君,阿布都外力·木米尼,曲艳华,等.山桃抗盐碱性评价 [J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(4):87-90.Zhao L J,Abuduwaili·mumini,Qu Y H,et al.Evaluation on the resistance of Prunus davidiana (Carr.) to salinity and alkalinity [J].Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture,2014,29(4):87-90.
[11] Karim S,Behrouz S,Vahid R,et al.Salt stress induction of some key antioxidant enzymes and metabolites in eight Iranian wild almond species [J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2012,34(1):203-213.
[12] Chatzissavvidis C,Veneti G,Papadakis I,et al.Effect of NaCl and CaCl2 on the antioxidant mechanism of leaves and stems of the root stock CAB-6P (Prunus cerasus L.) under in vitro conditions [J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult,2008,95(1):37-45.
[13] 杨佳鑫,李庆卫,刘玉霞,等.NaCl胁迫对梅花和山桃种子萌发及生理特性的影响 [J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(2):94-99.Yang J X,Li Q W,Liu Y X,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on germination and physiological characteristics of Prunus mume and Prunus davidiana seeds [J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2018,33(2):94-99.
[14] 张会丽,袁闯,朱林,等.利用隶属函数值法对玉米成熟期耐盐性的综合评价 [J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(2):47-55.Zhang H L,Yuan C,Zhu L,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of salt-tolerance of maize at mature period using subordinate function value analysis [J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2018,46(2):47-55.
[15] 高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Gao J F.Plant physiology experiment guidance [M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[16] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Li H S.Experimental principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry [M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[17] 高茜.贮藏温度对红砂种子生理特性的影响 [D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2013.Gao Q.Effect of storage temperature on physiological characteristics of Reaumuria soongorica seeds [D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2013.
[18] 雷燕.地被菊耐荫性研究 [D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.Lei Y.Study on shade tolerance of Ground-cover Chrysanthemum [D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2015.
[19] 魏秀君,殷云龙,芦治国,等.NaCl胁迫对5种绿化植物幼苗生长和生理指标的影响及耐盐性综合评价 [J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(2):35-42.Wei X J,Yin Y L,Lu Z G,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on growth and physiological indexes of five greening plants eedlings and comprehensive evaluation of their salt tolerance [J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2011,20(2):35-42.
[20] 周广生,梅方竹,周竹青,等.小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测 [J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1378-1382.Zhou G S,Mei F Z,Zhou Z Q,et al.Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indices of waterlogging resistance of different wheat varieties [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(11):1378-1382.
[21] 刘友良,汪良驹.植物对盐胁迫的反应和耐盐性 [M]//余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子植物学.2版.北京:科学出版社,1998.Liu Y L,Wang L J.Plant reaction to salt stress and salt tolerance [M]// Yu S W,Tang Z C.Plant physiology and molecular botany.2nd edition.Beijing:Science Press,1998.
[22] 任志彬.锦带花耐盐性研究 [D].河北保定:河北农业大学,2011.Ren Z B.Studies of salt resistance of Weigela florida [D].Baoding,Hebei:Hebei Agriculture University,2011.
[23] 龚理.烟草品种耐盐性指标筛选及综合评价 [D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2009.Gong L.Screening and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance indexes of tobacco varieties [D].Changsha:Hunan Agriculture University,2009.
[24] 张兆英,于秀俊.植物抗盐性评价生理指标的分析 [J].沧州师范专科学校学报,2006,22(4):51-53.Zhang Z Y,Yu J X.Analysis of physiological index about plant’s salt-tolerance evaluation [J].Journal of Cangzhou Teachers ’ College,2006,22(4):51-53.
[25] 郭艳超,王文成,李克晔,等.NaCl胁迫对八棱海棠幼苗生长及其生理指标的影响 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(28):130-134.Guo Y C,Wang W C,Li K Y,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on the growth and some physiological indexes of Malus robusta Rehd [J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(28):130-134.
[26] 纪凯婷.夏蜡梅幼苗年生长规律和耐盐性研究 [D].南京:南京林业大学,2014.Ji K T.Studies on annual growth rhythm and salt-tolerance of Sinocalycanthus chinensis seedlings [D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2014.
[27] 黄广远.盐胁迫对臭椿生长和生理的影响 [D].南京:南京林业大学,2012.Huang G Y.Effects of salt stress on growth and physiology of Ailanthus altissima [D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2012.
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