碳钢塑性变形对增量磁导率信号的影响
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摘要
针对核电站结构的塑性变形损伤,为研究低碳钢材料塑性变形对增量磁导率信号的影响机理,将B-H曲线的特征量导入数值计算中,间接分析塑性变形对增量磁导率信号曲线的影响规律,开发了基于退化磁矢位法的增量磁导率数值计算程序,并采用数值模拟方法研究了材料剩磁和矫顽力两个因素分别对增量磁导率信号曲线的影响。结果表明,材料剩磁和矫顽力会影响增量磁导率信号曲线的峰峰距、峰值和过零点等特征参数。研究结果对塑性变形的定量无损评价具有参考意义。
Concerning the plastic deformation of carbon steel used in nuclear power plants,in order to investigate the influence mechanism of plastic deformation on the signals of magnetic incremental permeability,the characteristic quantities of B-H curve was adopted into the simulation to indirectly analyze the influence mechanism of plastic deformation on signal curves of magnetic incremental permeability.Simulation program was developed based on the reduced magnetic vector potential method,and the influences of residual magnetism and coercivity on magnetic incremental permeability signal curves were investigated by numerical simulation. The results indicate that the residual magnetism and coercivity may affect the peak separation,peak value and zero crossing of magnetic incremental permeability signal curve,which has reference value for the quantitative nondestructive evaluation of plastic deformation.
Concerning the plastic deformation of carbon steel used in nuclear power plants,in order to investigate the influence mechanism of plastic deformation on the signals of magnetic incremental permeability,the characteristic quantities of B-H curve was adopted into the simulation to indirectly analyze the influence mechanism of plastic deformation on signal curves of magnetic incremental permeability.Simulation program was developed based on the reduced magnetic vector potential method,and the influences of residual magnetism and coercivity on magnetic incremental permeability signal curves were investigated by numerical simulation. The results indicate that the residual magnetism and coercivity may affect the peak separation,peak value and zero crossing of magnetic incremental permeability signal curve,which has reference value for the quantitative nondestructive evaluation of plastic deformation.
引文
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[24]HUANG H,TAKAGI T,FUKUTOMI H,et al.Forward and Inverse Analyses of ECT Signals Based on Reduced Vector Potential Method Using Database[J].Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation,1998(2):313-321.
[25]SABLIK M J.Modeling the Effect of Grain Size and Dislocation Density on Hysteretic Magnetic Properties in Steels[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2001,89(10):5610-5613.
[26]黄东岩,张涛,韩冰,等.外加应力与残余应力对低碳钢Q235矫顽力的影响[J].磁性材料及器件,2009,40(6):48-50.HUANG Dongyan,ZHANG Tao,HAN Bing,et al.Influence of Applied Stress and Residual Stress on Coercive Force of Q235 Mild Steel[J].Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices,2009,40(6):48-50.
[2]WANG T.Unified CDM Model and Local Criterion for Ductile Fracture[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1992,42(1):177-183.
[3]WANG T,LOU Z.A Continuum Damage Model for Weld Heat Affected Zone under Low Cycle Fatigue Loading[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1990,37(4):825-829.
[4]DOBMANN G.ALTPETER I,WOLTER B,et al.Industrial Application of 3MA-Micromagnetic Multi-parameter Microstructure and Stress Analysis[J].Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation,2008(11):18-25.
[5]LI H,CHEN Z,LI Y,et al.Dependence of Deformation Induced Magnetic Field on Plastic Deformation for SUS304 Stainless Steel[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2012,38(1):17-26.
[6]CHEN H E,XIE S,CHEN Z,et al.Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation of Plastic Deformation in Carbon Steel Based on Electromagnetic NDE Methods[J].Material Transactions,2014,55(12):1806-1815.
[7]LIU B,HE Y,ZHANG H,et al.Study on Characteristics of Magnetic Memory Testing Signal Based on the Stress Concentration Field[J].IET Science Measurement&Technology,2017,11(1):2-8.
[8]刘斌,何璐瑶,霍晓莉,等.基于Kp微扰算法的磁场中MMM信号特征的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(1):151-158.LIU Bin,HE Luyao,HUO Xiaoli,et al.Study on the MMM Signal Characteristics in Magnetic Field Based on Kp Perturbatison Algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(1):151-158.
[9]XIE S,CHEN Z,CHEN H E,et al.Evaluation of Plastic Deformation and Characterization of Electromagnetic Properties Using Pulsed Eddy Current Testing Method[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2014,45:755-761.
[10]XIE S,CHEN Z,TAKAGI T,et al.Development of a Very Fast Simulator for Pulsed Eddy Current Testing Signals of Local Wall Thinning[J].NDT&E International,2012,51:45-50.
[11]XIE S,CHEN Z,TAGAKI T,et al.Quantitative Non-destructive Evaluation of Wall Thinning Defect in Double-layer Pipe of Nuclear Power Plants Using Pulsed ECT Method[J].NDT&E International,2015,75:87-95.
[12]颜丙生,刘自然,张跃春,等.非线性超声检测镁合金早期疲劳的试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(4):20-24.YAN Bingsheng,LIU Ziran,ZHANG Yuechun,et al.Experimental Study of Early Fatigue Nonlinear Ultrasonic Detection in Magnesium Alloy[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(4):20-24.
[13]张津,李峰,郑林,等.2024-T351铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊件内部残余应力测试[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(2):28-34.ZHANG Jin,LI Feng,ZHENG Lin,et al.Internal Residual Stresses in the Friction Stir Weldment of2024-T351 Al Alloy Determined by Short Wavelength X-ray Diffraction[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(2):28-34.
[14]YASHAN A,DOBMANN A.Measurement and Semi-analytical Modeling of Incremental Permeability Using Eddy Current Coil in the Presence of Magnetic Hysteresis[J].Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation,2002(6):150-157.
[15]GABI Y,WOLTER B,et al.FEM Simulations of Incremental Permeability Signals of a Multi-Layer Steel with Consideration of the Hysteretic Behavior of Each Layer[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(4):1-4.
[16]CHEN H E,XIE S,CHEN Z.Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Incremental Permeability for Ferromagnetic Material[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2014,45(1):379-386.
[17]陈洪恩,陈振茂,李勇.基于磁噪声和增量磁导率的塑性变形定量无损评价[J].无损检测,2012,34(10):12-14.CHEN Hongen,CHEN Zhenmao,LI Yong,et al.Quantitative NDE of Plastic Deformation Based on Barkhausen Noise and Incremental Permeability[J].Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(10):12-14.
[18]D’AQUINO M,RUBINACCI G,TAMBURRINOA,et al.Three-dimensional Computation of Magnetic Fields in Hysteretic Media with Time-periodic Sources[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(2):53-56.
[19]D’AQUINO M,MINUCCI S,PETRARCA C,et al.3D Efficient Simulation of a Magnetic Probe for Characterization of Ferromagnetic Specimens[J].Studies in Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2015,40:11-19.
[20]MATSUMOTO T,UCHIMOTO T,TAKAGI T.Electromagnetic Properties Measurement for Creep Damage in High Cr Ferritic Steels by Incremental Permeability Method[C]//ICFD.Sendai,2015:776-777.
[21]BOLLER C,ALTPETER I,DOBMANN G,et al.Electromagnetism as a Means for Understanding Materials Mechanics Phenomena in Magnetic Materials[J].Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,2011,42(4):269-278.
[22]GRIMBERG R,LEITOIU S,BRADU B E,et al.,Magnetic Sensor Used for the Determination of Fatigue State in Ferromagnetic Steels[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2000,81(1/3):371-373.
[23]RYU K S,NAHM S H,PARK J S,et al.A New Non-destructive Method for Estimating the Remanent Life of a Turbine Rotor Steel by Reversible Magnetic Permeability[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2002,251(2):196-201.
[24]HUANG H,TAKAGI T,FUKUTOMI H,et al.Forward and Inverse Analyses of ECT Signals Based on Reduced Vector Potential Method Using Database[J].Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation,1998(2):313-321.
[25]SABLIK M J.Modeling the Effect of Grain Size and Dislocation Density on Hysteretic Magnetic Properties in Steels[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2001,89(10):5610-5613.
[26]黄东岩,张涛,韩冰,等.外加应力与残余应力对低碳钢Q235矫顽力的影响[J].磁性材料及器件,2009,40(6):48-50.HUANG Dongyan,ZHANG Tao,HAN Bing,et al.Influence of Applied Stress and Residual Stress on Coercive Force of Q235 Mild Steel[J].Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices,2009,40(6):48-50.