广西海岸带天然林群落多样性及种间联结性
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摘要
以广西东兴市竹山村滨海天然群落为对象,采用物种重要值(IV)、丰富度指数(S),Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)和Simpson多样性指数(D),Pielou均匀度指数(J_(sw))研究群落结构和物种多样性;采用方差比率法,通过基于2×2列联表对χ~2进行检验以及引入种间联结系数AC和共同出现率PC的方法,对乔木层的15个优势种群和灌木层的12个优势种群的种间联结性进行了研究。结果表明,S、H′和D均表现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,三者变化趋势较为一致;乔木层J_(sw)最高,灌木层次之,草本层最低;乔木层主要种群总体上表现为负关联,灌木层则表现为正关联,均达到显著水平。不同的检验结果表明,乔木层主要树种间负相关的种对多,灌木层则相反,乔木层和灌木层植物种间联结性不显著的物种对较多,联结强度也不高,本区木本植物种对间独立性较强,在种间关系上表现松散。
15 tree species and 12 shrub species were selected to study interspecific associations by using variance ratio(VR) analysis and χ~2-tests,association coefficient(AC) and percentage co-occurrence(PC).The importance values(IV),richness index(S),Shannon-Wiener index(H′),Simpson diversity index(D) and Pielou evenness index(J_(sw)) were used to study the community structure and species diversity. Results showed that S,H′ and D were expressed as shrub layer > tree layer > herb layer,with the highest evenness of tree layer,shrub layer and lowest herb layer. The variation trend of species diversity index was consistent with the variation trend of richness index. The main population of tree layer showed negative correlation as a whole,while the shrub layer showed positive correlation. Both of them were significant. A tree layer was negatively correlated to occupy a great advantage whereas shrub layer presented the opposite result. Most species had non-significant correlations,which showed that the species of woody plants in this area were more independent and loose in the relationship between species.
15 tree species and 12 shrub species were selected to study interspecific associations by using variance ratio(VR) analysis and χ~2-tests,association coefficient(AC) and percentage co-occurrence(PC).The importance values(IV),richness index(S),Shannon-Wiener index(H′),Simpson diversity index(D) and Pielou evenness index(J_(sw)) were used to study the community structure and species diversity. Results showed that S,H′ and D were expressed as shrub layer > tree layer > herb layer,with the highest evenness of tree layer,shrub layer and lowest herb layer. The variation trend of species diversity index was consistent with the variation trend of richness index. The main population of tree layer showed negative correlation as a whole,while the shrub layer showed positive correlation. Both of them were significant. A tree layer was negatively correlated to occupy a great advantage whereas shrub layer presented the opposite result. Most species had non-significant correlations,which showed that the species of woody plants in this area were more independent and loose in the relationship between species.
引文
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[32]农友,郑路,贾宏炎,等.广西大青山南亚热带森林植物群落的种间联结性[J].广西植物,2016,36(7):848-858.
[33]张珂,廖绍波,孙冰,等.广东3地典型彩叶树种岭南槭所在天然群落特征比较[J].浙江农林大学学报,2018,35(1):10-19.
[34]康冰,刘世荣,温远光,等.广西大青山南亚热带次生林演替过程的种群动态[J].植物生态学报,2006,30(6):931-940.
[35]王文进,张明,刘福德,等.海南岛吊罗山热带山地雨林两个演替阶段的种间联结性[J].生物多样性,2007,15(3):257-263.
[2]班美玲,谢华,谢洲,等.广西沿海水陆交接带生物多样性保护现状问题及对策[J].南方农业,2018,12(13):78-82.
[3]谷东起,付军,夏东兴.秦皇岛地区滨海湿地类型及其生态脆弱性[J].海岸工程,2005,24(4):35-41.
[4]覃莉.广西滨海红鳞蒲桃营养状况及其林地土壤理化性质研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2010.
[5]谢伟东,招礼军,邓荣艳,等.干扰对红鳞蒲桃群落植物多样性及重要值的影响[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(6):58-63.
[6]曾聪,李蕾鲜,范航清.广西滨海红鳞蒲桃资源现状与群落特征[J].广西科学,2011,18(3):283-288.
[7]顾克潇,赖家业,汪洋.红鳞蒲桃开花物候特性研究[J].南方农业学报,2009,40(5):552-555.
[8]莫竹承,徐剑强,陈树宇.红鳞蒲桃季雨林重要树种的物候特征[J].广西科学,2013,20(3):193-198.
[9]顾克潇,温晓毅,范建新,等.广西巫头岛红鳞蒲桃种群花期生境昆虫的多样性[J].广西林业科学,2018,47(1):94-97.
[10]闭炳翠,王磊,罗弼樱,等.广西滨海红鳞蒲桃群落多样性研究[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(10):89-94.
[11]曾聪,李蕾鲜.25年来广西滨海红鳞蒲桃群落的变化特征[J].广西科学,2017,24(5):468-473.
[12]马克平,黄建辉,于顺利,等.北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究Ⅱ丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数[J].生态学报,1994,15(3):24-32.
[13]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995.
[14]黄忠良,孔国辉,何道泉.鼎湖山植物群落多样性的研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):193-198.
[15]SCHLUTER D.A variance test for detecting species associations,with some example applications[J].Ecology,1984,65(3):998-1005.
[16]王伯荪,彭少麟.南亚热带常绿阔叶林种间联结测定技术研究--Ⅰ.种间联结测式的探讨与修正[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1985,9(4):32-43.
[17]张金屯.数量生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[18]邓贤兰,刘玉成,吴杨.井冈山自然保护区栲属群落优势种群的种间联结关系研究[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(4):531-536.
[19]胡文强,黄世能,李家湘,等.南岭石坑崆山顶矮林乔木优势种群的种间关联性[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(10):2665-2671.
[20]张明霞,王得祥,康冰,等.秦岭华山松天然次生林优势种群的种间联结性[J].林业科学,2015,51(1):12-21.
[21]周先叶,王伯荪,李鸣光,等.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生演替过程中群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339.
[22]刘鹏,张合平.马尾松群落的种间联结性研究[J].湖南林业科技,2017,44(5):22-28.
[23]史作民,刘世荣,程瑞梅,等.宝天曼落叶阔叶林种间联结性研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(2):29-35.
[24]闫美芳.太行山南段小叶鹅耳枥林物种多样性与种间关系的研究[D].太原:山西大学,2006.
[25]王乃江,张文辉,陆元昌,等.陕西子午岭森林植物群落种间联结性[J].生态学报,2010,30(1):67-78.
[26]谭一波,詹潮安,杨海东,等.广东南澳岛华润楠群落主要树种种间联结性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(11):92-99.
[27]MOORE P D,CHAPMAN S B.Methods in plant ecology(2nd ed.)[M].London:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1986.
[28]刘金福,洪伟,樊后保,等.天然格氏栲林乔木层种群种间关联性研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(4):117-123.
[29]张倩媚,陈北光,周国逸.鼎湖山主要林型优势树种种间联结性的计算方法研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2006,27(1):79-83.
[30]李娟,温远光,王成,等.南宁市城区森林灌木层优势种种间联结分析[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(2):230-236.
[31]闫东锋,何静,郭芳,等.宝天曼栎类天然次生林乔木层种间联结性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(1):26-30.
[32]农友,郑路,贾宏炎,等.广西大青山南亚热带森林植物群落的种间联结性[J].广西植物,2016,36(7):848-858.
[33]张珂,廖绍波,孙冰,等.广东3地典型彩叶树种岭南槭所在天然群落特征比较[J].浙江农林大学学报,2018,35(1):10-19.
[34]康冰,刘世荣,温远光,等.广西大青山南亚热带次生林演替过程的种群动态[J].植物生态学报,2006,30(6):931-940.
[35]王文进,张明,刘福德,等.海南岛吊罗山热带山地雨林两个演替阶段的种间联结性[J].生物多样性,2007,15(3):257-263.