折射率色散对空间硅太阳电池双层减反射膜反射率的影响
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摘要
在考虑折射率色散效应的情况下,通过光学干涉矩阵法数值计算了2种MgF_2/ZnS双层减反射膜晶体硅太阳电池的反射率,并与未考虑折射率色散效应的结果及实验数据进行对比;在考虑折射率色散情形下,利用智能优化算法设计了硅太阳电池的双层减反射膜,并与未考虑折射率色散效应的设计结果进行比较.结果表明,考虑色散情形下的反射率与实验测量结果更相符,尤其是在短波范围内.SiO_2/ZnSe双层减反射膜的最小加权平均反射率减少了34.82%;MgF_2/ZnS、SiO_2/ZnS、MgF_2/Al_2O_3双层减反射膜的最小加权平均反射率分别减少了9.15%,7.73%,3.44%.可见,在考虑折射率色散效应的情况下,优化后的双层减反射膜的最小加权平均反射率均出现较大程度的减小.因此,在晶体硅太阳电池减反射膜的设计中,考虑晶体硅和减反射膜材料的折射率色散效应是十分必要的.
The reflectance of two double-layer MgF_2/ZnS anti-reflection coatings for space silicon solar cells was calculated by optical interference matrix method considering the refractive-index dispersion effect.The calculated results were compared with those of no dispersion effect and experimental data.Then,the parameters of the double-layer anti-reflection coatings for the cells were designed by intelligent optimization algorithm and compared with the results of without considering the refractive-index dispersion effect.The results show that the reflectivity in the case of dispersion is considered to be more consistent with the experimental results,especially in the short wave range.Compared with no dispersion effect,the minimum weighted average reflectivity of the SiO_2/ZnSe double-layer anti-reflective coatings after optimizing is reduced by 34.82%,and the minimum weighted average reflectivity of MgF_2/ZnS,SiO_2/ZnS and MgF_2/Al_2O_3 double-layer anti-reflective coatings is reduced by 9.15%,7.73%,3.44%,respectively,considering the dispersion effect.It can be seen that the minimum weighted average reflectivity of the optimized double-layer anti-reflective coatings is reduced greatly in consideration of the refractive index dispersion effect.Therefore,it is necessary to take into account the refractive-index dispersion effect in the design of the anti-reflective coatings of the crystalline silicon solar cells.
The reflectance of two double-layer MgF_2/ZnS anti-reflection coatings for space silicon solar cells was calculated by optical interference matrix method considering the refractive-index dispersion effect.The calculated results were compared with those of no dispersion effect and experimental data.Then,the parameters of the double-layer anti-reflection coatings for the cells were designed by intelligent optimization algorithm and compared with the results of without considering the refractive-index dispersion effect.The results show that the reflectivity in the case of dispersion is considered to be more consistent with the experimental results,especially in the short wave range.Compared with no dispersion effect,the minimum weighted average reflectivity of the SiO_2/ZnSe double-layer anti-reflective coatings after optimizing is reduced by 34.82%,and the minimum weighted average reflectivity of MgF_2/ZnS,SiO_2/ZnS and MgF_2/Al_2O_3 double-layer anti-reflective coatings is reduced by 9.15%,7.73%,3.44%,respectively,considering the dispersion effect.It can be seen that the minimum weighted average reflectivity of the optimized double-layer anti-reflective coatings is reduced greatly in consideration of the refractive index dispersion effect.Therefore,it is necessary to take into account the refractive-index dispersion effect in the design of the anti-reflective coatings of the crystalline silicon solar cells.
引文
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[14]王安祥,张晓军,曹运华.遗传模拟退火算法在玻璃和晶体色散方程参量反演中的应用[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(11):3197-3203.WANG A X,ZHANG X J,CAO Y H.Application of genetic simulated annealing alrorithm in parameters retrieval of dispersion equation for glass and crystal[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(11):3197-3203.(in Chinese)
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[2]孙希鹏,肖志斌,杜永超.新型砷化镓太阳电池的宽带减反射膜设计[J].光学学报,2016,36(4):04310021-04310028.SUN X P,XIAO Z B,DU Y C.Design of broadband antireflection coating for new gallium arsenide solar cell[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(4):04310021-04310028.(in Chinese)
[3] ABDULLAH H,LENNIE A,AHMAD I.Modelling and simulation single layer anti-reflective coating of ZnO and ZnS for silicon solar cells using silvaco software[J].Journal of Applied Sciences,2009,9(6):1180-1184.
[4] LENNIE A,ABDULLAH H,MUSTAZA S M.Photovoltaic properties of Si3N4layer on silicon solar cell using silvaco software[J].European Journal of Scientific Research,2009,29(4):447-453.
[5] BOUHAFS D,MOUSSI A,CHIKOUCHE A,et al.Design and simulation of antireflection coating systems for opoelectronic devices:Application to silicon solar cells[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,1998,52:79-93.
[6] CID M,STEM N,BRUMETTI C,et al.Improvements in antireflection for high-efficiency silicon solar cells[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,1998,106(2-3):117-120.
[7]周涛,陆晓东,张鹏,等.晶硅太阳电池上表面减反射膜的效果评价与分析[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,34(7):2024-2029.ZHOU T,LU X D,ZHANG P,et al.Evaluation of effects and analysis of antireflective coating on crystalline silicon solar cell[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,34(7):2024-2029.(in Chinese)
[8]刘永生,杨文华,朱艳燕,等.新型空间硅太阳电池纳米减反射膜系的优化设计[J].物理学报,2009,58(7):4992-4996.LIU Y S,YANG W H,ZHU Y Y,et al.Design of new nano anti-reflection coating for space silicon solar cells[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(7):4992-4996.(in Chinese)
[9]杨文华,吴鼎祥,李红波.空间高效硅太阳电池减反射膜设计与数值分析[J].半导体学报,2004,25(9):1118-1122.YANG W H,WU D X,LI H B.Design and numerical analysis of anti-reflection coatings for space high-efficiency Si solar cells[J].Chinese Journal of Semiconductors,2004,25(9):1118-1122.(in Chinese)
[10]刘华松,季一勤,张锋,等.金属氧化物薄膜在中波红外光谱区内光学常数色散特性[J].光学学报,2014,34(8):08310031-08310036.LIU H S,JI Y Q,ZHANG F,et al.Dispersive properties of optical constants of some metallic oxide thin films in the mid-infrared regions[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(8):08310031-08310036.(in Chinese)
[11]白一鸣,陈诺夫,彭长涛,等.折射率色散效应对晶体硅太阳电池反射率的影响[J].光子学报,2007,36(7):1202-1206.BAI Y M,CHEN N F,PENG C T,et al.Refractive-index dispersion effect on anti-reflection coatings of crystalline Si solar cells[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2007,36(7):1202-1206.(in Chinese)
[12]王安祥,朱长军,张晓军.智能算法在晶体色散方程参数反演中的比较研究[J].光子学报,2015,44(3):03190031-03190038.WANG A X,ZHU C J,ZHANG X J.Research on comparison of intelligent optimization algorithms in the parameters retrieval of crystal dispersion equation[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2015,44(3):03190031-03190038.(in Chinese)
[13]刘华松,刘丹丹,姜承慧,等.周期结构薄膜在折射率色散下反射区特性研究[J].物理学报,2014,63(1):0178011-0178015.LIU H S,LIU D D,JIANG C H,et al.Properties of reflecting region of periodic-structured thin film with refractive index dispersion[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(1):0178011-0178015.(in Chinese)
[14]王安祥,张晓军,曹运华.遗传模拟退火算法在玻璃和晶体色散方程参量反演中的应用[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(11):3197-3203.WANG A X,ZHANG X J,CAO Y H.Application of genetic simulated annealing alrorithm in parameters retrieval of dispersion equation for glass and crystal[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(11):3197-3203.(in Chinese)
[15] WEMPLE S H,DIDOMENICO M.Behavior of the electronic dielectric constant in covalent and ionic materials[J].Phys Rev B,1971,3(4):1338-1351.
[16] PALIK E D.Handbook of optical constants of solids[M].New York:Academic Press,1985:557-561.
[17]严小俊,蒋伟康,曹诚.基于遗传模拟退火算法的汽车动力总成悬置系统优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(23):155-159.YAN X J,JIANG W K,CAO C.Vibration isolation optimization of a vehicle power train mounting system based on simulated annealing and genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(23):155-159.(in Chinese)