旋流器脱泥优化某高泥氧化铜矿石的回收效果研究
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摘要
某高泥氧化铜矿石铜品位为4.26%,主要铜矿物为孔雀石,其次是辉铜矿、硅孔雀石和斜硅铜矿,脉石矿物主要为泥质粉砂岩、石英粉砂、绢云母、绿泥石等。针对氧化铜矿石浮选中矿泥会恶化浮选过程,大量消耗浮选药剂,影响浮选指标的问题,对磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占64.04%的矿石(-0.010 mm占14.05%)优先选出硫化铜矿物后的产品进行了直接硫化浮选和旋流器机械脱泥后的浮选试验。结果表明,用旋流器脱出的产率为12.64%、铜品位为4.82%的细泥采用浸出工艺处理,铜浸出率达95.26%;产率为87.36%、铜品位为3.32%的沉砂采用硫化浮选流程处理,可获得铜品位为24.75%、铜回收率为67.47%的铜精矿,铜综合回收率为84.01%;而直接硫化浮选仅获得铜品位为19.79%、铜回收率为75.09%的铜精矿,尾矿铜品位高达1.02%。与高泥氧化铜矿石的直接浮选相比,脱泥浮选工艺更加平稳、可控,铜回收指标更理想,浮选药剂用量更低,是一种较有发展前景的工艺形式。
The copper grade of high slime copper oxide ores is 4.26%,and the main copper minerals are malachite,followed by chalcocite,chrysocolla and shattuckite. The gangue minerals are mainly argillaceous siltstone,quartz silt,sericite and chlorite and so on. In view of the problem that the slime of copper oxide ores in the flotation process deteriorates the flotation,consumes a large amount of flotation agents and affects the flotation index,the flotation tests of direct sulphidizing flotation and mechanical desliming using cyclone were carried out for the ores with grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for64.04%(-0.010 mm accounting for 14.05%),and the copper sulfide ores were selected firstly. The results showed that the copper leaching rate of the fine slime(yield of 12.64% and the copper grade of 4.82% treated by cyclone)is 95.26% after leaching process. The copper grade,copper recovery rate and copper comprehensive recovery rate of the underflow(yield of87.36% and the copper grade of 3.32% treated by cyclone)is 24.75%,67.47% and 84.01% respectively,after two roughing flotation. The copper concentrate with copper grade of 19.79% and recovery rate of 75.09% were obtained by directly sulphidizing flotation,and the copper grade of tailing reached up to 1.02%. Compared with the direct flotation of high slime copper oxide ores,the desliming flotation process is more stable and controllable,and can get ideal copper recovery index and lower dosage of flotation agents,which is a prospecting process.
The copper grade of high slime copper oxide ores is 4.26%,and the main copper minerals are malachite,followed by chalcocite,chrysocolla and shattuckite. The gangue minerals are mainly argillaceous siltstone,quartz silt,sericite and chlorite and so on. In view of the problem that the slime of copper oxide ores in the flotation process deteriorates the flotation,consumes a large amount of flotation agents and affects the flotation index,the flotation tests of direct sulphidizing flotation and mechanical desliming using cyclone were carried out for the ores with grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for64.04%(-0.010 mm accounting for 14.05%),and the copper sulfide ores were selected firstly. The results showed that the copper leaching rate of the fine slime(yield of 12.64% and the copper grade of 4.82% treated by cyclone)is 95.26% after leaching process. The copper grade,copper recovery rate and copper comprehensive recovery rate of the underflow(yield of87.36% and the copper grade of 3.32% treated by cyclone)is 24.75%,67.47% and 84.01% respectively,after two roughing flotation. The copper concentrate with copper grade of 19.79% and recovery rate of 75.09% were obtained by directly sulphidizing flotation,and the copper grade of tailing reached up to 1.02%. Compared with the direct flotation of high slime copper oxide ores,the desliming flotation process is more stable and controllable,and can get ideal copper recovery index and lower dosage of flotation agents,which is a prospecting process.
引文
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[2]印万忠,吴凯.难选氧化铜矿选冶技术现状与展望[J].有色金属工程,2013(6):66-70.Yin Wanzhong,Wu Kai.Present situation and prospect of beneficiation technology of refractory copper oxide ore[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2013(6):66-70.
[3]魏转花.刚果(金)某高泥高氧化率铜矿石选矿试验[J].金属矿山,2016(9):88-91.Wei Zhuanhua.Beneficiation on high mud and high oxidation copper ore from Congo[J].Metal Mine,2016(9):88-91.
[4]骆任.某氧化铜矿脱泥优化工业试验研究[J].湖南有色金属,2016(12):16-20.Luo Ren.Study on industry experiment of desliming optimization of copper oxide ore[J].Hunan Nonferrous Metals,2016(12):16-20.
[5]戈保梁,张晋禄,王显强,等.云南某铜选厂尾矿再选试验[J].金属矿山,2016(2):176-180.Ge Baoliang,Zhang Jinlu,Wang Xianqiang,et al.Experiment on reconcentration of tailing from a copper plant in Yunnan[J].Mental Mine,2016(2):176-180.
[6]徐其红.某氧化铜矿联合选矿工艺研究[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2018(3):11-16.Xu Qihong.Study on combined beneficiation process of an oxidized copper ore[J].Non-ferrous Metal:Mineral Processing Section,2018(3):11-16.
[7]王鑫.刚果(金)高泥铜钴矿选矿工艺研究[J].湖南有色金属,2018(8):13-17.Wang Xin.Study on beneficiation process of a high-mud copper-cobalt ore in democratic republic Congo[J].Hunan Nonferrous Metals,2018(8):13-17.
[8]鲍磊,刘学勇.氧化铜矿石浮选捕收剂的研究进展[J].矿业工程,2011(4):36-37.Bao Lei,Liu Xueyong.Research status and prospects oxide copper ore flotation collectors[J].Mining Engineering,2011(4):36-37.