35 kV干式空芯并联电抗器匝间绝缘故障综合分析
|
摘要
深入开展35 kV干式空芯电抗器匝间绝缘击穿放电机理研究,对改进35 kV干式空芯电抗器制造工艺和提高35 kV干式空芯电抗器的可靠运行具有重要意义。为此,基于现场试验、ATP-EMTP及有限元仿真计算开展了35 kV干式空芯电抗器系统过电压、匝间电场分布以及匝间绝缘材料的空间电荷等研究。通过研究发现:安装有RC阻容吸收器的情况下,开断电抗器产生的过电压标幺值仅为2.0,但系统过电压的累积效应会造成绝缘材料性能下降。同时,存在于绝缘材料层间的间隙将导致电抗器匝间电场畸变度达到5.5倍,另外,热老化会引起绝缘材料空间电荷特性改变和工频击穿场强的下降。在上述3个方面影响下,35 kV干式空芯电抗器匝间绝缘容易发生击穿事故。
To find the mechanism of turn-insulating fault caused by switching-off shunt reactor in 35 kV system, which is of an important significance to the manufacturing process of dry-type air core reactor and improve its reliability, we researched the system overvoltage of the dry-type air-core reactor and distribution of the inter-turn electric field based on the field tests, ATP-EMTP,and finite element simulations. The space charge properties in inter-turn insulation were also measured. The analysis results indicate that the over-voltage caused by switching-off shunt reactor is 2.0 p.u. with R-C protector on the reactor's side, but the accumulation effect of overvoltage can lead to the degradation of insulation. The distortion of electric field intensity resulting from the gap between turn-to-turn insulation is 5.5 times. In addition, the influence of thermal aging on the change of space charge characteristic and the decrease of breakdown voltage are the main factors that lead to the breakdown failure of turn-to-turn insulation of 35 kV dry-type air-core.
To find the mechanism of turn-insulating fault caused by switching-off shunt reactor in 35 kV system, which is of an important significance to the manufacturing process of dry-type air core reactor and improve its reliability, we researched the system overvoltage of the dry-type air-core reactor and distribution of the inter-turn electric field based on the field tests, ATP-EMTP,and finite element simulations. The space charge properties in inter-turn insulation were also measured. The analysis results indicate that the over-voltage caused by switching-off shunt reactor is 2.0 p.u. with R-C protector on the reactor's side, but the accumulation effect of overvoltage can lead to the degradation of insulation. The distortion of electric field intensity resulting from the gap between turn-to-turn insulation is 5.5 times. In addition, the influence of thermal aging on the change of space charge characteristic and the decrease of breakdown voltage are the main factors that lead to the breakdown failure of turn-to-turn insulation of 35 kV dry-type air-core.
引文
[1]姜志鹏,周辉,宋俊燕,等.干式空心电抗器温度场计算与试验分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(3):218-224.JIANG Zhipeng,ZHOU Hui,SONG Junyan,et al.Temperature field calculation and experimental analysis of dry-type air-core reactor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(3):218-224.
[2]王建,张广洲,赵晓震,等.基于脉冲耦合注入的高压并联电抗器绕组故障带电检测[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):872-878.WANG Jian,ZHANG Guangzhou,ZHAO Xiaozhen.Online detection investigation of the high voltage shunt reactor winding deformation based on coupling injection of pulses[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):872-878.
[3]余丰,郑升讯,陈巧勇,等.真空断路器开断并联电抗器的仿真分析[J].浙江电力,2017,36(10):50-54.YU Feng,ZHENG Shengxun,CHEN Qiaoyong.Simulation analysis on shunt reactors breaking with vacuum breaker[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2017,36(10):50-54.
[4]曹晓斌,田明明,李瑞芳,等.35 kV并联干式空心电抗器故障分析[J].高电压技术,2016,42(13):3562-3568.CAO Xiaobin,TIAN Mingming,LI Ruifang,et al.Fault analysis of 35kV parallel dry air core reactor[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(13):3562-3568.
[5]张乾良,李霞.35 kV干式空心电抗器故障隐患预防措施研究[J].变压器,2017,54(8):72-74.ZHANG Qianliang,LI Xia.Research on preventive measures for fault hidden troubles of 35 kV dry-type air-core reactors[J].Transformer,2017,54(8):72-74.
[6]张晗,蔡延雷.一起500 kV变电站干式空心电抗器故障原因分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2016,37(1):47-50.ZHANG Han,CAI Yanlei.Fault analysis on dry-type air-core reactor in 500 kV substation[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2016,37(1):47-50.
[7]刘海莹,魏宾.干式空心电抗器的运行分析及故障处理[J].高压电器,2004,40(3):239-240.LIU Haiying,WEI Bin.Operation and maintenance of dry air-core rectors[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2004,40(3):239-240.
[8]聂洪岩,徐万里,徐雅清,等.干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘试验电压的产生方法研究[J].电力科学与技术学报,2016,31(2):45-50.NIE Hongyan,XU Wanli,XU Yaqing,et al.Method for generate turn-to-turn overvoltage of dry type air-core reactor[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2016,31(2):45-50.
[9]夏长根.一起35 kV干式并联空心电抗器故障分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2009,30(5):43-45.XIA Changgen.Analysis of fault of a 35 kV dry-type air core shunt reactor[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2009,30(5):43-45.
[10]金百荣,李电,蔡重凯,等.35 kV并抗操作过电压故障实例分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2016,37(5):107-112.JIN Bairong,LI Dian,CAI Zhongkai.Fault analysis on switching overvoltage of 35 kV shunt reactor[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2016,37(5):107-112.
[11]DU N,GUAN Y G.Field tests of 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers switching off shunt reactors[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2010(4):517-520.
[12]孙秋芹,李庆民,王冠,等.SF6断路器开断并联电抗器的截流过电压及其特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(2):170-176.SUN Qiuqin,LI Qingmin,WANG Guan,et al.Characteristic analysis of the shunt reactors switching over-voltages interrupted by SF6 circuit breakers with chopping current[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2010,25(2):170-176.
[13]DU N,GUAN Y G,ZHANG J S,et al.Phenomena and mechanism analysis on over-voltages caused by 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers switching off shunt reactors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2102-2110.
[14]安韵竹,文习山,张婷婷,等.SF6断路器预击穿引起并联电抗器合闸过电压的原因及防护措施[J].高电压技术,2013,39(1):75-80.AN Yunzhu,WEN Xishan,ZHANG Tingting,et al.Overvoltage of shunt reactor caused by pre-breakdown of SF6 breaker and protection measures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(1):75-80.
[15]关永刚,唐琦雯.40.5 kV真空断路器开断并联电抗器时过电压的产生机制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(33):124-133.GUAN Yonggang,TANG Qiwen.Overvoltage mechanism of switching off shunt reactors for 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(33):124-133.
[16]崔志刚,马仪,沈宏伟,等.工艺偏差对干式空心并联电抗器电气参数的影响[J].变压器,2015,52(8):18-23.CUI Zhigang,MA Yi,SHEN Hongwei,et al.Influence of process deviation on electrical parameters of dry-type air-core shunt reactor[J].Transformer,2015,52(8):18-23.
[17]徐菁,李飞舟,王钰,等.空心电抗器电场强度分布计算与均压环设计[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2013,46(2):228-231.XU Jing,LI Feizhou,WANG Yu,et al.Electric field distribution calculation and shielding ring design of air core reactor[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Engineering Science),2013,46(2):228-231.
[18]周力任,吴广宁,高波,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜中电荷输运机理和空间电荷特性[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(12):6-11.ZHOU Liren,WU Guangning,GAO Bo,et al.Charge transport mechanism and space charge characteristic in polyimide film[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2009,24(12):6-11.
[19]周远翔,王宁华,王云杉,等.固体电介质空间电荷研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(9):16-25.ZHOU Yuanxiang,WANG Ninghua,WANG Yunshan,et al.Review of research on space charge in solid dielectrics[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2008,23(9):16-25.
[20]尹毅,肖登明,屠德民.空间电荷在评估绝缘聚合物电老化程度中的应用研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(1):43-48.YIN Yi,XIAO Dengming,TU Demin.An application of space charge in valuing the electric aging degree of insulating polymer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(1):43-48.
[21]彭庆军,姜雄伟,司马文霞,等.真空断路器开断35 kV并联电抗器的三相建模仿真与过电压抑制研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(3):147-153.PENG Qingjun,JIANG Xiongwei,SIMA Wenxia,et al.Three-phase modeling of vacuum circuit breakers switching off 35 kV shunt reactors and protection measures research[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(3):147-153.
[22]中华人民共和国国家技术监督局.中华人民共和国国家标准—高压输变电设备的绝缘配合:GB 311.1—1997[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.The State Bureau of Technical Supervision of the People’s Republic of China.National institute of Standards of the People’s Republic of China-Insulation coordination of high-voltage transmission and distribution equipment:GB 311.1—1997[S].Beijing,China:Standards Press of China,2004.
[23]SIMA W X,SUN P T,YANG M,et al.Effect of space charge on the accumulative characteristics of oil paper insulation under repeated lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(5):2483-2490.
[24]尹毅.聚乙烯电老化中空间电荷和陷阱参数的变化规律[D].西安:西安交通大学,2002.YIN Yi.Space charge and trap parameters change in polyethylene under electrical aging[D].Xi’an,China:Xi’an Jiao Tong University,2002.
[25]周远翔,戴超,黄猛,等.热老化过程中老化温度对油纸绝缘空间电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(3):868-875.ZHOU Yuanxiang,DAI Chao,HUANG Meng,et al.Effect of aging temperature on space charge characteristics in process of thermal aging[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(3):868-875.
[26]CHEN G,TANAKA Y,TAKADA T,et al.Effect of polyethylene interface on space charge formation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2004,11(1):113-121.
[2]王建,张广洲,赵晓震,等.基于脉冲耦合注入的高压并联电抗器绕组故障带电检测[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):872-878.WANG Jian,ZHANG Guangzhou,ZHAO Xiaozhen.Online detection investigation of the high voltage shunt reactor winding deformation based on coupling injection of pulses[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):872-878.
[3]余丰,郑升讯,陈巧勇,等.真空断路器开断并联电抗器的仿真分析[J].浙江电力,2017,36(10):50-54.YU Feng,ZHENG Shengxun,CHEN Qiaoyong.Simulation analysis on shunt reactors breaking with vacuum breaker[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2017,36(10):50-54.
[4]曹晓斌,田明明,李瑞芳,等.35 kV并联干式空心电抗器故障分析[J].高电压技术,2016,42(13):3562-3568.CAO Xiaobin,TIAN Mingming,LI Ruifang,et al.Fault analysis of 35kV parallel dry air core reactor[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(13):3562-3568.
[5]张乾良,李霞.35 kV干式空心电抗器故障隐患预防措施研究[J].变压器,2017,54(8):72-74.ZHANG Qianliang,LI Xia.Research on preventive measures for fault hidden troubles of 35 kV dry-type air-core reactors[J].Transformer,2017,54(8):72-74.
[6]张晗,蔡延雷.一起500 kV变电站干式空心电抗器故障原因分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2016,37(1):47-50.ZHANG Han,CAI Yanlei.Fault analysis on dry-type air-core reactor in 500 kV substation[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2016,37(1):47-50.
[7]刘海莹,魏宾.干式空心电抗器的运行分析及故障处理[J].高压电器,2004,40(3):239-240.LIU Haiying,WEI Bin.Operation and maintenance of dry air-core rectors[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2004,40(3):239-240.
[8]聂洪岩,徐万里,徐雅清,等.干式空心电抗器匝间绝缘试验电压的产生方法研究[J].电力科学与技术学报,2016,31(2):45-50.NIE Hongyan,XU Wanli,XU Yaqing,et al.Method for generate turn-to-turn overvoltage of dry type air-core reactor[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2016,31(2):45-50.
[9]夏长根.一起35 kV干式并联空心电抗器故障分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2009,30(5):43-45.XIA Changgen.Analysis of fault of a 35 kV dry-type air core shunt reactor[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2009,30(5):43-45.
[10]金百荣,李电,蔡重凯,等.35 kV并抗操作过电压故障实例分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2016,37(5):107-112.JIN Bairong,LI Dian,CAI Zhongkai.Fault analysis on switching overvoltage of 35 kV shunt reactor[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2016,37(5):107-112.
[11]DU N,GUAN Y G.Field tests of 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers switching off shunt reactors[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2010(4):517-520.
[12]孙秋芹,李庆民,王冠,等.SF6断路器开断并联电抗器的截流过电压及其特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(2):170-176.SUN Qiuqin,LI Qingmin,WANG Guan,et al.Characteristic analysis of the shunt reactors switching over-voltages interrupted by SF6 circuit breakers with chopping current[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2010,25(2):170-176.
[13]DU N,GUAN Y G,ZHANG J S,et al.Phenomena and mechanism analysis on over-voltages caused by 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers switching off shunt reactors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2102-2110.
[14]安韵竹,文习山,张婷婷,等.SF6断路器预击穿引起并联电抗器合闸过电压的原因及防护措施[J].高电压技术,2013,39(1):75-80.AN Yunzhu,WEN Xishan,ZHANG Tingting,et al.Overvoltage of shunt reactor caused by pre-breakdown of SF6 breaker and protection measures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(1):75-80.
[15]关永刚,唐琦雯.40.5 kV真空断路器开断并联电抗器时过电压的产生机制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(33):124-133.GUAN Yonggang,TANG Qiwen.Overvoltage mechanism of switching off shunt reactors for 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breakers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(33):124-133.
[16]崔志刚,马仪,沈宏伟,等.工艺偏差对干式空心并联电抗器电气参数的影响[J].变压器,2015,52(8):18-23.CUI Zhigang,MA Yi,SHEN Hongwei,et al.Influence of process deviation on electrical parameters of dry-type air-core shunt reactor[J].Transformer,2015,52(8):18-23.
[17]徐菁,李飞舟,王钰,等.空心电抗器电场强度分布计算与均压环设计[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2013,46(2):228-231.XU Jing,LI Feizhou,WANG Yu,et al.Electric field distribution calculation and shielding ring design of air core reactor[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Engineering Science),2013,46(2):228-231.
[18]周力任,吴广宁,高波,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜中电荷输运机理和空间电荷特性[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(12):6-11.ZHOU Liren,WU Guangning,GAO Bo,et al.Charge transport mechanism and space charge characteristic in polyimide film[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2009,24(12):6-11.
[19]周远翔,王宁华,王云杉,等.固体电介质空间电荷研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(9):16-25.ZHOU Yuanxiang,WANG Ninghua,WANG Yunshan,et al.Review of research on space charge in solid dielectrics[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2008,23(9):16-25.
[20]尹毅,肖登明,屠德民.空间电荷在评估绝缘聚合物电老化程度中的应用研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(1):43-48.YIN Yi,XIAO Dengming,TU Demin.An application of space charge in valuing the electric aging degree of insulating polymer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(1):43-48.
[21]彭庆军,姜雄伟,司马文霞,等.真空断路器开断35 kV并联电抗器的三相建模仿真与过电压抑制研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(3):147-153.PENG Qingjun,JIANG Xiongwei,SIMA Wenxia,et al.Three-phase modeling of vacuum circuit breakers switching off 35 kV shunt reactors and protection measures research[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(3):147-153.
[22]中华人民共和国国家技术监督局.中华人民共和国国家标准—高压输变电设备的绝缘配合:GB 311.1—1997[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.The State Bureau of Technical Supervision of the People’s Republic of China.National institute of Standards of the People’s Republic of China-Insulation coordination of high-voltage transmission and distribution equipment:GB 311.1—1997[S].Beijing,China:Standards Press of China,2004.
[23]SIMA W X,SUN P T,YANG M,et al.Effect of space charge on the accumulative characteristics of oil paper insulation under repeated lightning impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(5):2483-2490.
[24]尹毅.聚乙烯电老化中空间电荷和陷阱参数的变化规律[D].西安:西安交通大学,2002.YIN Yi.Space charge and trap parameters change in polyethylene under electrical aging[D].Xi’an,China:Xi’an Jiao Tong University,2002.
[25]周远翔,戴超,黄猛,等.热老化过程中老化温度对油纸绝缘空间电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(3):868-875.ZHOU Yuanxiang,DAI Chao,HUANG Meng,et al.Effect of aging temperature on space charge characteristics in process of thermal aging[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(3):868-875.
[26]CHEN G,TANAKA Y,TAKADA T,et al.Effect of polyethylene interface on space charge formation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2004,11(1):113-121.