北斗RNSS授时技术在智能电网雷电定位系统中的应用
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摘要
智能电网雷电定位系统是一项重要的电力业务,其雷电定位精度很大程度上取决于时间同步的精度。研究并比较了3种北斗授时方式,发现RNSS授时方式最适合应用于雷电定位系统。进而研究了RNSS授时的原理和特点,并提出了一种低成本的用户终端授时软硬件架构和算法,利用经过卡尔曼滤波的北斗秒脉冲信号,通过PID算法,校准用户时钟并调节压控温补晶振,使得用户终端时间和GNSS时间的偏差在任何时刻都控制在100 ns以下,以满足雷电定位系统的精度要求。
The smart grid lightning location system is an important power service, and its lightning location accuracy largely depends on the accuracy of time synchronization. Three kinds of BeiDou timing methods were studied and compared, and the RNSS timing method was found to be most suitable for lightning location systems. Furthermore, the principle and characteristics of RNSS timing were studied, and a low-cost user terminal timing hardware and software architecture and algorithm were proposed. The Kalman filter-based BeiDou second pulse signal was used to calibrate the user clock and adjust the voltage through the PID algorithm. The temperature-controlled crystal oscillator made the deviation between the user terminal time and the GNSS time below 100 ns at any time to meet the accuracy requirements of the lightning positioning system.
The smart grid lightning location system is an important power service, and its lightning location accuracy largely depends on the accuracy of time synchronization. Three kinds of BeiDou timing methods were studied and compared, and the RNSS timing method was found to be most suitable for lightning location systems. Furthermore, the principle and characteristics of RNSS timing were studied, and a low-cost user terminal timing hardware and software architecture and algorithm were proposed. The Kalman filter-based BeiDou second pulse signal was used to calibrate the user clock and adjust the voltage through the PID algorithm. The temperature-controlled crystal oscillator made the deviation between the user terminal time and the GNSS time below 100 ns at any time to meet the accuracy requirements of the lightning positioning system.
引文
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[2]王泳.雷电定位监测在电力系统中应用浅析[J].供用电,2003,20(2):29-30.WANG Y.Analysis of the application of lightning location monitoring in power systems[J].Power Supply,2003,20(2):29-30.
[3]张琪,林辉.基于STK轨道预报数据的北斗卫星导航系统频谱监测选址分析[J].电信科学,2018,34(5):72-80.ZHANG Q,LIN H.Analysis of spectrum monitoring and location selection of Beidou satellite navigation system based on STK orbit prediction data[J].Telecommunications Science,2018,34(5):72-80.
[4]沙海,占建伟,王建辉,等.北斗卫星导航系统授时方法的比较与研究[C]//第四届中国卫星导航学术年会,2013年5月15-17日,中国,武汉.[S.l.:s.n.],2013.SHA H,ZHAN J W,WANG J H,et al.Comparison and research on the timing method of Beidou satellite navigation system[C]//The 4th China Satellite Navigation Academic Annual Conference,May 15-17,2013,Wuhan,China.[S.l.:s.n.],2013.
[5]刘良江,李庆先,曹雄恒,等.基于北斗的智能电网RNSS授时及同步技术探讨[J].电子世界,2014(9):42-43.LIU L J,LI Q X,CAO X H,et al.Discussion on the RNSStiming and synchronization technology based on Beidou's smart grid[J].Electronic World,2014(9):42-43.
[6]赵东艳,原义栋,石磊,等.用于智能电网建设的北斗/GPS高精度授时方案关键技术[J].电网技术,2013,37(9).ZHAO D Y,YUAN Y D,SHI L,et al.Key technology of Beidou/GPS high-precision timing scheme for smart grid construction[J].Power Grid Technology,2013,37(9).
[7]童伟.基于北斗II代/GPS的电力系统双模时间同步时钟的研制[J].电力建设,2014,34(4).TONG W.Development of dual-mode time-synchronous clock for power system based on BeiDou II/GPS[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,34(4).
[8]胡国荣,欧吉坤.改进的高动态GPS定位自适应卡尔曼滤波方法[J].测绘学报,1999,28(11).HU G R,OU J K.Improved high dynamic GPS positioning adaptive Kalman filtering method[J].Journal of Surveying and Mapping,1999,28(11).