高校实验室病原微生物管理现状调查及对策
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摘要
【背景】近年来埃博拉病毒等病原微生物大范围传播引发了严重的公共安全问题,生物实验室安全管理受到各国政府的高度重视。【目的】了解国内高校病原微生物的管理状况,为实验室生物安全管理提供针对性举措。【方法】在查阅资料、与生物安全管理人员座谈的基础上设计调查问卷,对50所高校的341名师生进行调查并统计分析。【结果】国内高校实验室在病原微生物的安全教育、安全管理制度建设、实验室规范化建造、生物废弃物处置、实验室安全设施维护等方面存在明显不足。【结论】高校应严格落实安全管理责任制,采取措施消除各类安全隐患。
[Background] Due to the serious public safety problem caused by the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms, such as Ebola virus, the governments of all countries pay much attention to laboratory biosafety. [Objective] To assess the safety status of pathogenic microorganisms in Chinese universities will benefit for the specific-targeted laboratory management measures. [Methods] Based on literature review and interview with some experts of biosafety management, we designed the questionnaire and the investigation was carried out with the participation of 341 technicians and students from 50 Chinese universities. [Results]Some important steps for management of pathogenic microorganisms were obvious insufficient, especially in biosafety education, establishment of safety management system, construction of standardized laboratory,biological waste disposal, and laboratory safety facilities maintenance. [Conclusion] The universities should put safety construction responsibility into effect so as to eliminate the above latent dangers of safety hazards.
[Background] Due to the serious public safety problem caused by the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms, such as Ebola virus, the governments of all countries pay much attention to laboratory biosafety. [Objective] To assess the safety status of pathogenic microorganisms in Chinese universities will benefit for the specific-targeted laboratory management measures. [Methods] Based on literature review and interview with some experts of biosafety management, we designed the questionnaire and the investigation was carried out with the participation of 341 technicians and students from 50 Chinese universities. [Results]Some important steps for management of pathogenic microorganisms were obvious insufficient, especially in biosafety education, establishment of safety management system, construction of standardized laboratory,biological waste disposal, and laboratory safety facilities maintenance. [Conclusion] The universities should put safety construction responsibility into effect so as to eliminate the above latent dangers of safety hazards.
引文
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[8]Chen L,Feng QQ,Jin J,et al.Analysis and suggestions on current bio-waste disposal in some universities[J].Experimental Technology and Management,2017,34(11):268-271(in Chinese)陈璐,冯倩倩,靳娇,等.部分高校生物废弃物处置现状分析与建议[J].实验技术与管理,2017,34(11):268-271
[9]Xu JB,Zhao TT.The current situations and countermeasures of university laboratory safety management[J].Laboratory Science,2009(4):164-165(in Chinese)徐健斌,赵涛涛.高校实验室安全管理工作现状与对策研究[J].实验室科学,2009(4):164-165
[10]Website of Biological Safety Research Support Environmental Health and Safety University of Colorado at Boulder[DB/OL].http://www.colorado.edu/ehs/training/biosafety.html
[2]Pan Y,Wu LG.Research on safety management in biological laboratory[J].Laboratory Science,2016,19(3):218-220(in Chinese)潘越,吴林根.生物类实验室安全管理探索[J].实验室科学,2016,19(3):218-220
[3]Normile D.Infectious diseases:Mounting lab accidents raise SARS fears[J].Science,2004,304(5671):659-661
[4]Wang D,Zhai L.28 teachers and students of Northeast Agricultural University were infected with serious infectious diseases due to animal experiments[N].China Youth Daily,2011-09-09(3)(in Chinese)王帝,翟璐.东北农业大学28名师生因动物实验感染严重传染病[N].中国青年报,2011-09-09(3)
[5]State Council of the People’s Republic of China.Regulations on biosafety management of pathogenic microorganisms laboratory[EB/OL].[2004-11-12].http://news.xinhuanet.com/zhengfu/2004-11/29/content-2271255.htm(in Chinese)中华人民共和国国务院.病原微生物实验室生物安全管理条例[EB/OL].[2004-11-12].http://news.xinhuanet.com/zhengfu/2004-11/29/content-2271255.htm
[6]National Standard of the People’s Republic of China.Laboratories-General requirements for biosafety:GB19489-2008[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2009(in Chinese)中华人民共和国国家标准.实验室生物安全通用要求:GB19489-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009
[7]Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China.List of pathogenic microorganisms transmitted by humans[EB/OL].[2006-01-11].http://www.Moh.Gov.cn/mohbgt/pw10602/200804/20471.shtml(in Chinese)中华人民共和国卫生部.人间传染的病原微生物名录[EB/OL].[2006-01-11].http://www.Moh.Gov.cn/mohbgt/pw10602/200804/20471.shtml
[8]Chen L,Feng QQ,Jin J,et al.Analysis and suggestions on current bio-waste disposal in some universities[J].Experimental Technology and Management,2017,34(11):268-271(in Chinese)陈璐,冯倩倩,靳娇,等.部分高校生物废弃物处置现状分析与建议[J].实验技术与管理,2017,34(11):268-271
[9]Xu JB,Zhao TT.The current situations and countermeasures of university laboratory safety management[J].Laboratory Science,2009(4):164-165(in Chinese)徐健斌,赵涛涛.高校实验室安全管理工作现状与对策研究[J].实验室科学,2009(4):164-165
[10]Website of Biological Safety Research Support Environmental Health and Safety University of Colorado at Boulder[DB/OL].http://www.colorado.edu/ehs/training/biosafety.html