坝体动力抗震及尾矿动力特性分析
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摘要
为研究尾矿坝的动力抗震特性以及为抗震措施提供理论指导,以四川某尾矿库为例,分析了该尾矿坝在EI Centro地震波、汶川地震波和人工地震波作用下的位移、加速度、液化、安全系数的动力响应特性。采用GDS动三轴仪对该尾矿库的3种典型尾矿进行动力实验,研究结果表明:随着动剪应变幅的增大动剪切模量比逐渐减小,阻尼比逐渐增大; 3种尾矿的动压缩弹性模量的倒数与动轴向弹性应变之间的关系为直线关系,在双对数坐标系中,平均有效应力与动剪切弹性模量的关系为直线关系;尾粉质黏土抗液化强度较低,应优化尾矿排放工艺使其尽量沉积到库尾。
In order to study the dynamic seismic behavior of tailings dam and provide theoretical guidance for seismic strengthening measures,taking a tailings pond in Sichuan as an example,the displacement,acceleration,liquefaction and safety factor dynamic response characteristics and displacement of the tailings dam under the action of EI Centro seismic wave,Wenchuan seismic wave and artificial seismic wave were analyzed. The GDS dynamic triaxial apparatus was used to carry out dynamic experiments on three typical tailings of the tailings pond. The results show that: γ > 10-2 is the difference between the dynamic shear modulus ratio,the damping ratio and the dynamic shear strain amplitude of different tailings. The demarcation point,the relationship between the reciprocal of the dynamic compression elastic modulus of three kinds of tailings and the dynamic axial elastic strain is a linear relationship. In the double logarithmic coordinate system,the effective consolidation confining pressure and dynamic shear elastic modulus. The relationship is linear; the silty clay has a low liquefaction resistance,and the mine should optimize the tailings discharge process to deposit as much as possible to the tail of the reservoir.
In order to study the dynamic seismic behavior of tailings dam and provide theoretical guidance for seismic strengthening measures,taking a tailings pond in Sichuan as an example,the displacement,acceleration,liquefaction and safety factor dynamic response characteristics and displacement of the tailings dam under the action of EI Centro seismic wave,Wenchuan seismic wave and artificial seismic wave were analyzed. The GDS dynamic triaxial apparatus was used to carry out dynamic experiments on three typical tailings of the tailings pond. The results show that: γ > 10-2 is the difference between the dynamic shear modulus ratio,the damping ratio and the dynamic shear strain amplitude of different tailings. The demarcation point,the relationship between the reciprocal of the dynamic compression elastic modulus of three kinds of tailings and the dynamic axial elastic strain is a linear relationship. In the double logarithmic coordinate system,the effective consolidation confining pressure and dynamic shear elastic modulus. The relationship is linear; the silty clay has a low liquefaction resistance,and the mine should optimize the tailings discharge process to deposit as much as possible to the tail of the reservoir.
引文
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[11]张超,杨春和,白世伟.尾矿料的动力特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(1):35-40.ZHANG Chao YANG Chunhe,BAI Shiwei.Experimental study on dynamic characteristics of tailings[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(1):35-40.
[12]GEREMEW A M.YANFUL E K.A laboratory investigation of the dynamic properties of tailings[J].Inter National Journal of Geomechanics,2013,13(4):441-453.
[13]SUAZO G,FOURIE A,DOHERTYJ,et al.Effects of confining stress,density and initial static shear stress on the cyclic shear response of finegrained unclassified tailings[J].Geotechnique,2016,66(5):401-412.
[14]WIJEWICKREME D,SANIN M V,GREENAWA Y G R.Cyclic shear response of fine-grained mine tailings[J].Canadian Geotechnique Journal,2005,42(5):1408-1421.
[15]谢定义.土动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1998.
[2]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料静、动强度特性的实验研究[J].水利学报,2004(1):67-73.RUAN Yuancheng,GUO Xin.Experimental study on static and dynamic strength characteristics of saturated tailings[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004(1):67-73.
[3]陈敬松,张家生,孙希望.饱和尾矿砂动强度特性实验结果与分析[J].水利学报,2006,37(5):603-607.CHEN Jingsong,ZHANG Jiasheng,SUN Xiwang.Experimental results and analysis ofdynamic strength characteristics of saturated tailings[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(5):603-607.
[4]国家安全生产监督管理总局.AQ2006-2005,尾矿库安全技术规程[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006.
[5]徐志英.地震期孔隙水压力变化估算方法[J]水利学报,1981,(4):68-73.XU Zhiying.Estimation method of pore water pressure during earthquake period[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1981,(4):68-73.
[6]褚卫瑞.细粒含量对尾矿砂动力特性影响研[J].矿业研究与开发,2017,37(2):70-73.ZHU Weirui.Study on the influence of fine particle content on dyna mic characteristics of tailings sand[J].Mining Research and Development,2017,37(2):70-73.
[7]谭凡,饶锡保,黄斌,等.饱和尾矿粉土动力特性试验研究[J].地震工程学报,2015,37(3):772-777.TAN Fan,RAO Xibao,HUANG Bin,et al.Experi mental study on dynamic characteristics of saturated tailings silt[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2015,37(3):772-777.
[8]谭钦文,李军,林徐涛.中线法堆坝尾矿料的动力特性实验研究[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(4):60-65.TAN Qinwen,LI Jun,LIN Xutao.Experimental study on dynamic characteristics of tailings in midline met hod dams[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2010,19(4):60-65.
[9]余果,杨作亚,尹光志,等.羊拉铜矿尾矿料动力特性试验研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2008,30(6):107-110.YU Guo,YANG Zuoya,YIN Guangzhi,et al.Yangla copper mine tailings power characteristic test research[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2008,30(6):107-110.
[10]陈存礼,何军芳,胡再强,等.尾矿砂的动力变形及动强度特性研究[J].水利学报,2007,3(19):365-370.CHEN Cunli,HE Junfang,HU Zaiqiang,et al.Dyna mic change of tailings sand study on shape and dynamic strength characteristics[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,3(19):365-370.
[11]张超,杨春和,白世伟.尾矿料的动力特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(1):35-40.ZHANG Chao YANG Chunhe,BAI Shiwei.Experimental study on dynamic characteristics of tailings[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(1):35-40.
[12]GEREMEW A M.YANFUL E K.A laboratory investigation of the dynamic properties of tailings[J].Inter National Journal of Geomechanics,2013,13(4):441-453.
[13]SUAZO G,FOURIE A,DOHERTYJ,et al.Effects of confining stress,density and initial static shear stress on the cyclic shear response of finegrained unclassified tailings[J].Geotechnique,2016,66(5):401-412.
[14]WIJEWICKREME D,SANIN M V,GREENAWA Y G R.Cyclic shear response of fine-grained mine tailings[J].Canadian Geotechnique Journal,2005,42(5):1408-1421.
[15]谢定义.土动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1998.