2个荔枝品种体胚发生过程中糖含量及相关酶活性变化
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摘要
为研究糖代谢在荔枝体胚发生过程中的作用,将‘大丁香’和‘新球蜜荔’胚性愈伤组织接种在TD培养基上,并将‘新球蜜荔’接种在TX培养基上,对比体胚诱导过程中3种胚性培养物之间淀粉、蔗糖等糖组分及其代谢相关酶活性变化,以期从糖代谢方面找出影响荔枝体胚发生效率差异的关键因素。结果表明:在体胚发生过程中,‘新球蜜荔’在2种培养基上的淀粉含量都低于‘大丁香’;三者的葡萄糖与果糖含量变化相似,但‘大丁香’都高于‘新球蜜荔’,而‘新球蜜荔’的蔗糖含量则高于‘大丁香’;‘新球蜜荔’的淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶活性都高于‘大丁香’,而α-淀粉酶活性相似。‘新球蜜荔’的蔗糖合酶及在TD培养基上的酸性转化酶活性高于‘大丁香’,但中性转化酶活性是以‘大丁香’偏高,且‘新球蜜荔’在TX培养基上也以中性转化酶为主。由此‘新球蜜荔’通过淀粉酶、蔗糖合酶及转化酶将淀粉转化成蔗糖为体胚发生提供物质能量,而高活性的中性转化酶与低活性的淀粉酶,使‘大丁香’的蔗糖没有得到积累,使其体胚发生效率低于‘新球蜜荔’。
In order to investigate the effect of sugar metabolism on the somatic embryogenesis of litchi,embryonic callus of 'Dadingxiang' and 'Xinqiumili' were inoculated on TD medium,respectively,and the embryonic callus of 'Xinqiumili' was inoculated on TX medium.Contents of starch,sucrose and other sugar components and activities of the metabolism-related enzymes were compared among the three embryonic cultures.The results showed that starch content on TD and TX medium in 'Xinqiumili' were lower than that in 'Dadingxiang' during somatic embryogenesis.All the glucose and fructose content were similar,but glucose and fructose contents in 'Dadingxiang' was higher than that in 'Xinqiumili',while sucrose content in 'Xinqiumili' was higher than that in 'Dadingxiang'.The activity of amylase and β-amylase in 'Xinqiumili' were higher than that in 'Dadingxiang',but the α-amylase activity in 'Xinqiumili'and 'Dadingxiang' were similar.The activity of sucrose synthase and acid invertase on TD medium in 'Xinqiumili' were higher than that in 'Dadingxiang',but neutral invertase activity in 'Dadingxiang' was higher than that in 'Xinqiumili',and also the dominant by neutral invertase on TX medium in 'Xinqiumili'.Through converted the starch into the sucrose by amylase,sucrose synthase and invertase in 'Xinqiumili' was provided material energy for somatic embryogenesis,while high neutral invertase activity and low amylase activity in 'Dadingxiang' can not accumulation of sucrose,maked the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis in 'Dadingxiang' was lower than that in 'Xinqiumili'.
In order to investigate the effect of sugar metabolism on the somatic embryogenesis of litchi,embryonic callus of 'Dadingxiang' and 'Xinqiumili' were inoculated on TD medium,respectively,and the embryonic callus of 'Xinqiumili' was inoculated on TX medium.Contents of starch,sucrose and other sugar components and activities of the metabolism-related enzymes were compared among the three embryonic cultures.The results showed that starch content on TD and TX medium in 'Xinqiumili' were lower than that in 'Dadingxiang' during somatic embryogenesis.All the glucose and fructose content were similar,but glucose and fructose contents in 'Dadingxiang' was higher than that in 'Xinqiumili',while sucrose content in 'Xinqiumili' was higher than that in 'Dadingxiang'.The activity of amylase and β-amylase in 'Xinqiumili' were higher than that in 'Dadingxiang',but the α-amylase activity in 'Xinqiumili'and 'Dadingxiang' were similar.The activity of sucrose synthase and acid invertase on TD medium in 'Xinqiumili' were higher than that in 'Dadingxiang',but neutral invertase activity in 'Dadingxiang' was higher than that in 'Xinqiumili',and also the dominant by neutral invertase on TX medium in 'Xinqiumili'.Through converted the starch into the sucrose by amylase,sucrose synthase and invertase in 'Xinqiumili' was provided material energy for somatic embryogenesis,while high neutral invertase activity and low amylase activity in 'Dadingxiang' can not accumulation of sucrose,maked the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis in 'Dadingxiang' was lower than that in 'Xinqiumili'.
引文
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[19]赖钟雄,李惠华.龙眼胚性愈伤组织体胚发生过程中生物大分子的动态变化[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):258-261.
[2]Eveland A L,Jackson D P.Sugars signalling and plant development[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2012,63(9):3367-3377.
[3]袁澍,贾勇炯,林宏辉.诱导植物体细胞胚发生的几个生理因素[J].植物生理学报,2003,39(5):508-512.
[4]武红霞,姚全胜,王松标,等.‘KRS’芒果发育过程中糖积累与代谢相关酶活性的关系[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(17):24-26.
[5]王义,赵文君,孙春玉,等.人参体细胞胚胎发生过程中的生理变化[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2008,40(2):93-97.
[6]Aslam J,Khan S A,Cheruth A J,et al.Somatic embryogenesis,scanning electron microscopy,histology and biochemical analysis at different developing stages of embryogenesis in six date palm(Phoenix dactylifera L.)cultivars[J].Saudi Journal Biological Sciences,2011,18(14):369-380.
[7]Grzyb M,Kalandyk A,Waligórski P,et al.The content of endogenous hormones and sugars in the process of early somatic embryogenesis in the tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb[J].Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture,2017,129(3):387-397.
[8]娄迎春,郭小兵,海梅,等.沙地云杉体细胞胚胎发生过程中蔗糖酶活性变化研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,30(2):66-69.
[9]金玉佩,刘佳,纪若璇,等.楸树体胚发生过程中5种酶的活性变化研究[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(2):252-257.
[10]吉训志,王果,李焕苓,等.2个荔枝品种胚性愈伤组织诱导体胚发生过程的细胞学观察[J].热带作物学报,2018,39(3):502-506.
[11]吉训志,李焕苓,王果,等.2个荔枝品种体胚发生过程中几种抗氧化酶与多胺氧化酶活性变化的研究[J].热带作物学报,2018,39(4):681-686.
[12]赖钟雄,李惠华.龙眼胚性愈伤组织体胚发生过程中生物大分子的动态变化[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):258-261.
[13]杨俊,刘江生,蔡继宝,等.高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定烟草中的水溶性糖[J].分析化学,2005,33(11):1596-1598.
[14]黄浅.荔枝TPEC高频率体胚发生及荔枝与龙眼原生质体融合研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2008.
[15]崔丽娜,许珍,董树亭.施钾对夏玉米子粒发育过程中糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(4):869-880.
[16]Baskaran P,Kumari A,Naidoo D,et al.In vitro,propagation and ultrastructural studies of somatic embryogenesis of Ledebouria ovatifolia[J].In Vitro Cellular&Developmental Biology Plant,2016,52(3):283-292.
[17]林荣双,王庆华,梁丽琨,等.花生体细胞胚发生发育过程中淀粉代谢的动态变化[J].烟台大学学报(自然科学与工程版),2000,13(3):226-229.
[18]张健,吕柳新,黄春梅,等.柑桔体细胞胚的发生及其发育过程中淀粉粒动态研究[J].洛阳师范学院学报,2005,24(5):104-106.
[19]赖钟雄,李惠华.龙眼胚性愈伤组织体胚发生过程中生物大分子的动态变化[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):258-261.