脂肪酸在育肥滩羊、小尾寒羊及滩寒杂交羊肌肉组织中的含量特征
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摘要
研究育肥滩羊、小尾寒羊及滩寒杂交羊肌肉组织中的脂肪酸含量特征,科学评价品种因素对宁夏地区主要品种羊肉中脂肪酸组成的影响。在盐池县选择饲喂和管理条件一致、月龄相当(5月龄)、健康的滩羊、小尾寒羊及滩寒杂交雄性育肥羊18只,每个品种各6只作为组内重复。试验结束后进行屠宰,采集腰背最长肌肉样,并对其肉中的脂肪酸绝对含量进行测定。结果表明:羊肉组织中脂肪酸主要以油酸(C18:1)、硬脂酸(C18:0)、棕榈酸(C16:0)为主,约占肌肉脂肪酸含量的85%以上,羊肉中不饱和脂肪酸的含量相对较高,特别是单不饱和脂肪酸含量。脂肪酸种间分析发现,滩羊肉中总脂肪酸含量相对较高为90.525 g/kg,但品种间差异不显著(P>0.05);小尾寒羊的饱和脂肪酸含量最高为40.449 g/kg;滩羊肉中不饱和脂肪酸含量最高为55.33 g/kg,其中油酸(C18:1)和γ-亚油酸(C18:2n6)含量显著高于小尾寒羊和滩寒杂交羊(P<0.05);滩羊有一定品种优势,特别是功能性脂肪酸中油酸(C18:1)和γ-亚油酸(C18:2n6)含量较高,这也为滩羊优质羊肉生产提供理论依据。
The present study was carried out to research the contents of fatty acid in longissimus dorsi from Ningxia Tan sheep,Small Fat-tail Sheep and Tan Han hybrid sheep,and to evaluate the effects of breed on fatty acid composition for major breed in Ningxia region.18 trial sheep with similar feeding and management conditions,ages(about five-month),and healthy were selected and divided into three groups according to the species including Tan sheep,Small Fat-tail Sheep,and Tan Han hubrid sheep,and six sheep for each group were taken as repetition.All sheep were slaughtered after trial,and the longest muscle samples were collected and the absolute amount of fatty acids in the meat was determined.Fatty acids in mutton tissues are mainly oleic acid(C18:1),stearic acid(C18:0)and palmitic acid(C16:0),and these three fatty acids approximately accounted for more than 85 % of muscle fatty acid content.In addition,the content of unsaturated fatty acids in lamb was also higher than saturated fatty acids,especially for monounsaturated fatty acids.It was showed that the highest total fatty acid content in Tan sheep was 90.525 g/kg,but there was no significant difference among breeds(P>0.05).Small Fat-tail Sheep had the highest saturated fatty acid content of 40.449 g/kg;the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids in the mutton was 55.33 g/kg,the contents of oleic acid(C18:1)and γ-linoleic acid(C18:2 n6)were significantly higher than that of Small Fat-tail Sheep and Tan Han hynrid sheep(P<0.05).The analysis of the composition of fatty acids in lambs of different breeds showed that the fatty acids in Tan mutton were abundant and had certain varietal advantages,especially the high content of oleic acid(C18:1)and γ-linoleic acid(C18:2 n6)in functional fatty acids.This also provides a theoretical basis for Tan sheep's high quality lamb production.
The present study was carried out to research the contents of fatty acid in longissimus dorsi from Ningxia Tan sheep,Small Fat-tail Sheep and Tan Han hybrid sheep,and to evaluate the effects of breed on fatty acid composition for major breed in Ningxia region.18 trial sheep with similar feeding and management conditions,ages(about five-month),and healthy were selected and divided into three groups according to the species including Tan sheep,Small Fat-tail Sheep,and Tan Han hubrid sheep,and six sheep for each group were taken as repetition.All sheep were slaughtered after trial,and the longest muscle samples were collected and the absolute amount of fatty acids in the meat was determined.Fatty acids in mutton tissues are mainly oleic acid(C18:1),stearic acid(C18:0)and palmitic acid(C16:0),and these three fatty acids approximately accounted for more than 85 % of muscle fatty acid content.In addition,the content of unsaturated fatty acids in lamb was also higher than saturated fatty acids,especially for monounsaturated fatty acids.It was showed that the highest total fatty acid content in Tan sheep was 90.525 g/kg,but there was no significant difference among breeds(P>0.05).Small Fat-tail Sheep had the highest saturated fatty acid content of 40.449 g/kg;the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids in the mutton was 55.33 g/kg,the contents of oleic acid(C18:1)and γ-linoleic acid(C18:2 n6)were significantly higher than that of Small Fat-tail Sheep and Tan Han hynrid sheep(P<0.05).The analysis of the composition of fatty acids in lambs of different breeds showed that the fatty acids in Tan mutton were abundant and had certain varietal advantages,especially the high content of oleic acid(C18:1)and γ-linoleic acid(C18:2 n6)in functional fatty acids.This also provides a theoretical basis for Tan sheep's high quality lamb production.
引文
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[12]Bligh EG,Dyer W J.A Rapid Method of Total Lipid Extraction and Purification[J].Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology,1959,37:911-917
[13]Innis S M,Dycr R,Nelson C M.Evidence that palmitic acid is absorbed assn-2 monoacylglycerol from human milk by breast-fed infants[J].Lipids,1994,29(8):541-545
[14]Kris-Ethcrton P M,Yu S.Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins:human studies[J].The American journal of clinical nutrition,1997,65(5):1628-1644
[15]Murata N,Ishizaki-Nishizawao,Higashi S,et al.Genetically enginccrcd alteration in the chilling sensitivity of plants[J].Nature,1992,356(6371):710-713
[16]PARODI P W.Conjugated octadecadienoic acids of milk fat[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1977,60(10):1550-1553
[17]李艳,杨涛,汪龙,等.蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸的生理功能的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(16):367-370
[18]翟元春,张润光,张亮,等.植物保健油及其开发利用[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(7):384-387
[19]吴建平.不同肉羊品种体脂脂肪酸遗传变异性及其特性的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2000
[2]姚焰楚.苏尼特羔羊肌内脂肪细胞分化相关因子和肌内脂肪代谢关键酶基因表达发育规律的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008
[3]Savell JW,Branson RE,Cross HR.National consumer retail beef study:palatability evaluation of beef loin steaks that differd in Marbling[J].Food science,1987,52(3):517-519
[4]朱贵明.秦川牛肉质性状的系统研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2003
[5]Park Y W,Washington A C.Fatty Acid composition of goat organ and muscle meat of Alpine and Nubian breeds[J].Food Sci,1993,58(2):245-253
[6]Hernandez P,Navarro J L,Foldra F.Lipid composition and lipolytic enzyme activities in porcine skeletal muscle with different oxidative pattern[J].Meat Sci,1998,49:1-10
[7]毛峰.n-3系多不饱和脂肪酸与人体健康[J].实用医技杂志,2006,13(5):775-776
[8]Pariza M W,Park Y,Cook M E.The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acid[J].Progress in Lipid Research,2001,40(4):283-298
[9]Roche H M,Noone E,Nugent A,et al.Conjugated linoleic acid:a novel therapeutic nutrient[J].Nutrition Research Reviews,2001,14:173-187
[10]O'Fallon J V,Busboom J R,Nelson M L.A direct method for fatty acid methyl ester synthesis:application to wet meat tissues,oils,and feedstuffs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(6):1511-1521
[11]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 17377-2008动植物油脂脂肪酸甲酯的气相色谱分析[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009
[12]Bligh EG,Dyer W J.A Rapid Method of Total Lipid Extraction and Purification[J].Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology,1959,37:911-917
[13]Innis S M,Dycr R,Nelson C M.Evidence that palmitic acid is absorbed assn-2 monoacylglycerol from human milk by breast-fed infants[J].Lipids,1994,29(8):541-545
[14]Kris-Ethcrton P M,Yu S.Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins:human studies[J].The American journal of clinical nutrition,1997,65(5):1628-1644
[15]Murata N,Ishizaki-Nishizawao,Higashi S,et al.Genetically enginccrcd alteration in the chilling sensitivity of plants[J].Nature,1992,356(6371):710-713
[16]PARODI P W.Conjugated octadecadienoic acids of milk fat[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1977,60(10):1550-1553
[17]李艳,杨涛,汪龙,等.蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸的生理功能的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(16):367-370
[18]翟元春,张润光,张亮,等.植物保健油及其开发利用[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(7):384-387
[19]吴建平.不同肉羊品种体脂脂肪酸遗传变异性及其特性的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2000