基于SWMM和层次分析法的调蓄池预选址方案选择
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摘要
近年来频发的内涝给城市排水防涝带来严重挑战。调蓄池是城市内涝防治系统的重要组成部分,而调蓄池预选址的选择,关系到调蓄池的效益和成本,也影响后续优化求解。为合理选择调蓄池的潜在位置,根据内涝防治标准,基于SWMM模型,选取积水深度、积水范围、积水时间、调蓄池造价、节点重要性等5项指标,借助层次分析法,建立了量化评价框架,探讨了基于预选址指数的雨水系统调蓄池预选址方案的选择方法,并进行了应用案例验证,研究表明:调蓄池的位置选择对内涝积水削减比例有重要影响;所提出的方法有一定的可行性和实用性,借助该方法可以得到较好的预选址方案。本研究成果可为城市内涝防治调蓄池选址工作提供技术支撑。
In recent years,frequent urban flooding has brought serious challenges to urban drainage &flood prevention. Storage tank is an important part of urban flood control system. The selection of storage tank pre location-selection is related to its benefit and cost,and also affects the subsequent optimal solution. Based on the SWMM model,five indicators,including flood depth,flood area,flood duration,storage tank construction cost and node importance,were selected according to the flood prevention and control criteria. With the aid of the Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP),the quantitative evaluation framework was established. The approach of pre location-selection scheme of storm water storage system based on pre location-selection index was discussed and verified by a case study. The results showed that,the storage location selection had significant influences on the proportion of flooding reduction. The proposed method was feasible and practical,and better pre location scheme could be obtained using this method. This study can provide technical supports for the site selection of storage tank in urban flood control.
In recent years,frequent urban flooding has brought serious challenges to urban drainage &flood prevention. Storage tank is an important part of urban flood control system. The selection of storage tank pre location-selection is related to its benefit and cost,and also affects the subsequent optimal solution. Based on the SWMM model,five indicators,including flood depth,flood area,flood duration,storage tank construction cost and node importance,were selected according to the flood prevention and control criteria. With the aid of the Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP),the quantitative evaluation framework was established. The approach of pre location-selection scheme of storm water storage system based on pre location-selection index was discussed and verified by a case study. The results showed that,the storage location selection had significant influences on the proportion of flooding reduction. The proposed method was feasible and practical,and better pre location scheme could be obtained using this method. This study can provide technical supports for the site selection of storage tank in urban flood control.
引文
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[16]刘兴坡.基于径流系数的城市降雨径流模型参数校准方法[J].给水排水,2009,35(11):213-217.
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[2]Oxley R L,Mays L W.Optimization simulation model for detention basin system design[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(4):1157-1171.
[3]Wang M M,Zhou Y W,Zhang X X.Rainwater storage tank for flooding mitigation in Beijing Olympic Sports Center subarea[C]//.Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Hydroinformatics.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010:1976-1981.
[4]Zhen X-Y,Yu S L,Lin J Y.Optimal location and sizing of stormwater basins at watershed scale[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning&Management,2004,130(4):339-347.
[5]Travis Q B,Mays L W.Optimizing retention basin networks[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning&Management,2008,134(5):432-439.
[6]Mcenery J A,Morris C D.Muskingum optimisation used for evaluation of regionalised stormwater detention[J].Journal of Flood Risk Management,2011,5(1):49-61.
[7]Tao T,Wang J,Xin K,et al.Multi-objective optimal layout of distributed storm-water detention[J].International Journal of Environmental Science&Technology,2014,11(5):1473-1480.
[8]Li Fei,Duan Huanfeng,Yan Hexiang,et al.Multi-objective optimal design of detention tanks in the urban stormwater drainage system:framework development and case study[J].Water Resources Management,2015,29(7):2125-2137.
[9]Bellu A,Fernandes L F,Cortes R M V,et al.A framework model for the dimensioning and allocation of a detention basin system:The case of a flood-prone mountainous watershed[J].Journal of Hydrology,2016,533:567-580.
[10]汪明明,马雄飞,张新喜.一种雨水调蓄池预选址的确定方法[P].中国:201410270343.X,2014-08-27.
[11]马雄飞.防灾雨水调蓄池布局预选址与优化方法研究[D].马鞍山:安徽工业大学,2014.
[12]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50014-2006,室外排水设计规范(2016年版)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2016.
[13]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.城市排水(雨水)防涝综合规划编制大纲[EB/OL].[2013-06-27].http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjcsjs/201306/W020130627051716.
[14]U.S.Environmental Protection Agency.SWMM 5.1user's manual[EB/OL].[2015-09-30].https://www.epa.gov/water-research/storm-water-management-model-swmm.
[15]卢金锁,黄廷林,燕博,等.干旱区雨水蓄水池容积的设计计算[J].供水技术,2010,4(2):39-42.
[16]刘兴坡.基于径流系数的城市降雨径流模型参数校准方法[J].给水排水,2009,35(11):213-217.
[17]Su D H,Fang X,Fang Z,et al.Effectiveness and downstream impacts of stormwater detention ponds required for land development[C]//.Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010:Challenges of Change.Reston:American Society of Civil Engineers,2010:3071-3081.