汽车吸能盒的结构改进与仿真分析
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摘要
为了提高汽车的被动安全,并实现轻量化设计,基于LS-DYNA和HyperWorks软件建立了吸能盒的仿真模型,并进行了模拟仿真。首先分析了相同尺寸的钢制和铝制两种材料吸能盒的吸能特性,然后在材料成本相同时,对吸能盒的壳体结构进行改进,最后将仿真结果与理论结果进行对比。分析结果可知:在碰撞工况相同时,铝制吸能盒的比吸能是钢制吸能盒的2.8倍,同时重量减轻63%。对铝制吸能盒内壁结构进行改进,得到了一种综合指标较好的"目"字形吸能盒结构。
In order to improve passive safety of the car and realize lightweight design, the simulation model of the energy-absorbing box is established based on LS-DYNA and HyperWorks softwares, and the simulation is performed. First, the characteristics of the steel energy-absorbing box and the aluminum energy-absorbing box are studied. The shell structure of the energy-absorbing box is improved with the same material cost. Finally, the collision simulation results are compared with the theoretical results. The analysis results show that when the collision conditions are the same, the SEA of the aluminum energy-absorbing box is 2.8 times that of the steel energy-absorbing box, and the weight loss is 63%. Improvements are made to the aluminum energy-absorbing box, and an energy-absorbing box structure with a better comprehensive index is obtained.
In order to improve passive safety of the car and realize lightweight design, the simulation model of the energy-absorbing box is established based on LS-DYNA and HyperWorks softwares, and the simulation is performed. First, the characteristics of the steel energy-absorbing box and the aluminum energy-absorbing box are studied. The shell structure of the energy-absorbing box is improved with the same material cost. Finally, the collision simulation results are compared with the theoretical results. The analysis results show that when the collision conditions are the same, the SEA of the aluminum energy-absorbing box is 2.8 times that of the steel energy-absorbing box, and the weight loss is 63%. Improvements are made to the aluminum energy-absorbing box, and an energy-absorbing box structure with a better comprehensive index is obtained.
引文
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[11]Mirzaei M,ShakeriM,Sadighi M,Akbarshahi H.Crash worthinesss design for cylindrical tube using neural network and genetic algorithm[J].Procedia Engineering,2011(4):3346-3353.
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[2]魏显坤,邓长勇,曹建国,等.基于Ls-Dyna的铝合金保险杠碰撞仿真分析[J].机械研究与应用,2013,26(3):8-9.
[3]钟志华,张维刚.汽车碰撞安全技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[4]王进.汽车碰撞中数据采集系统的分析与研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004.
[5]Abramowicz W.Thin-walled structures as impact energy absorbers[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2003,41(2-3):91-107.
[6]陈吉清,周鑫美,饶建强,等.汽车前纵梁薄壁结构碰撞吸能特性及其优化的研究[J].汽车工程,2010,32(6):486-492.
[7]米林,魏显坤,万鑫铭,等.铝合金保险杠吸能盒碰撞吸能特性[J].重庆理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,26(6):1-7.
[8]董宗岐.基于冲压成型的汽车吸能盒碰撞吸能特性的仿真研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[9]万鑫铭,徐小飞,徐中明,等.汽车用铝合金吸能盒结构优化设计[J].汽车工程学报,2013,3(1):15-21.
[10]Song J,Chen Y,Lu G.Axial crushing of thin-walled structures with origami patterns[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2012,54:65-71.
[11]Mirzaei M,ShakeriM,Sadighi M,Akbarshahi H.Crash worthinesss design for cylindrical tube using neural network and genetic algorithm[J].Procedia Engineering,2011(4):3346-3353.
[12]梁炳文,胡世光.弹塑性稳定理论[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1983.
[13]李亦文,徐涛,徐天爽,等.车身低速碰撞吸能结构的优化设计[J].北京理工大学学报,2010,30(10):1175-1179.