基于高阶模糊函数的连续波穿墙雷达目标定位方法
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摘要
基于连续波信号的穿墙雷达定位系统凭借其低廉的成本、简洁的结构以及优秀的静态杂波抑制等诸多优势,无论是在军事还是民用领域都受到广泛关注。然而,连续波穿墙雷达的传统定位算法基于短时傅里叶分析,由于受限于算法所固有的时频分辨率折中矛盾,其探测精度通常较差。针对传统定位算法在时变低信噪比条件下检测精度低、虚警率高以及目标识别困难等缺陷,提出一种基于高阶模糊函数的目标定位新算法。该算法通过实时估测噪声的统计参数,自适应地对滤波器函数进行调整,实现在时变低信噪比条件下的恒虚警检测,抑制虚假目标的产生;此外,该算法还能基于回波的高阶模糊函数对多个目标分量进行高精度分离和参数估计,同时实现对多个目标的准确跟踪和定位。实验结果验证了新算法的有效性,证实其能够提供比传统算法更高的检测精度,为连续波穿墙雷达的高精度成像提供可能。
In both the military and civil areas,through wall radar based on continuous wave signals was attached people's attentions because of its obvious advantages,such as low price,compact structure and outstanding ability of static clutter suppression.However,the corresponding detection accuracy of the traditional target localization algorithm,which is based on the short time Fourier transform(STFT),is usually poor because of the inherent tradeoff of the algorithm between time and frequency resolutions.A new target localization algorithm,which is based on the high order ambiguous function,is proposed to deal with the issues such as low detection accuracy,high false alarm rate and identification difficulties in time-varying low signal-to-noise ratio environments.The proposed algorithm can estimate the noise statistic coefficients in real time and adapt the filter function accordingly to maintain a constant false alarm rate and suppress the rise of the fake targets.Besides,this algorithm can achieve high accurate separation and parameter estimation to multiple signal components based on the high order ambiguous function of the echo,which can help observers accurately track and locate multiple targets.The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the new algorithm that larger detection accuracy can be afforded than the case when the traditional algorithm is used individually.The possibility for the high resolution imaging of the continuous-wave through-wall radar can be obtained with the new algorithm.
In both the military and civil areas,through wall radar based on continuous wave signals was attached people's attentions because of its obvious advantages,such as low price,compact structure and outstanding ability of static clutter suppression.However,the corresponding detection accuracy of the traditional target localization algorithm,which is based on the short time Fourier transform(STFT),is usually poor because of the inherent tradeoff of the algorithm between time and frequency resolutions.A new target localization algorithm,which is based on the high order ambiguous function,is proposed to deal with the issues such as low detection accuracy,high false alarm rate and identification difficulties in time-varying low signal-to-noise ratio environments.The proposed algorithm can estimate the noise statistic coefficients in real time and adapt the filter function accordingly to maintain a constant false alarm rate and suppress the rise of the fake targets.Besides,this algorithm can achieve high accurate separation and parameter estimation to multiple signal components based on the high order ambiguous function of the echo,which can help observers accurately track and locate multiple targets.The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the new algorithm that larger detection accuracy can be afforded than the case when the traditional algorithm is used individually.The possibility for the high resolution imaging of the continuous-wave through-wall radar can be obtained with the new algorithm.
引文
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[2]WANG Y,LIU Q,FATHY A E.CW and pulse-doppler radar processing based on FPGA for human sensing applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2012,10(99):1 11.
[3]SALMI J,LUUKKONEN O,KOIVUNEN V.Continuous wave radar based vital sign estimation:Modeling and experiments[C]//IEEE Radar Conference(RADAR).2012:564 569.
[4]陈洁,方广有,李芳.超宽带穿墙雷达非相干成像方法[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2007,24(6):829 834.CHEN Jie,FANG Guang-you,LI Fang.A non-coherent imaging approach for ultra-wideband through-wall radar[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007,24(6):829 834.
[5]雷文太,粟毅.表层穿透雷达递归反向投影成像算法[J].电子学报,2005,33(12):2115 2119.LEI Wen-tai,SU Yi.Surface penetrating radar recursive back projection imaging algorithm[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2005,33(12):2115 2119.
[6]FALCONER D G,STEADMAN K N,WATTERS D G.Through-the-wall differential radar[C]//Proceedings of SPIE.Boston,MA:USA,1997:147 151.
[7]AMIN M G,ZEMANY P,SETLUR S,AHMAD F.Target localization for indoor imaging using dual freqeuncy CW radars[C]//IEEE Sensor Array and Multi-channel Processing,2006:367 371.
[8]WU C W,HUANG Z Y.Using the phase change of a reflected microwave to detect a human subject behind a barrier[J].IEEE Transaction on Biomedical Engineering,2008,55(1):267 272.
[9]AHMAD F,AMIN M G,ZEMANY P D.Performance analysis of dual-frequency CW radars for motion detection and ranging in urban sensing applications[C]//Proceedings of SPIE.2007:1 8.
[10]ZHANG Y,AMIN M,AHMAD F.A novel approach for multiple moving target localization using dual-frequency radars and time-frequency distributions[C]//IEEE Asilomar Conference on Signals,Systems and Computers.Pacific,Grove:CA,2007:1817 1821.
[11]KULPA K.The CLEAN type algorithms for radar signal processing[C]//Symposium on Microwaves,Radar and Remote Sensing(MRRS 2008).2008:152 157.
[12]DJUROVIC I,SIMEUNOVIC M.Recent advances in the estimation of the polynomial-phase signals[C]//Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing.2012:124 127.
[13]李道本.信号的统计检测与估计理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:38 45.LI Dao-ben.The statistical theory of signal detection and estimation[M].Beijing:Press of Science,2005:38 45.
[14]RUDIN W.Principles of mathematical analysis[M].3rd ed.New York:McGrwa-Hill,1976:169 230.