旁路分流式永磁体技术研究
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摘要
提出可提升永磁体抗去磁能力的旁路分流式永磁体技术。该技术基于内嵌式永磁电机中永磁体边角比中心区域去磁风险更高的特点,利用永磁体表面局部镍镀层作为永磁体导磁旁路,分流其退磁磁场,由此抑制永磁体边角处工作点的下降,提升了永磁体抗退磁能力。通过抗退磁机理分析及应用实例的有限元计算结果分析并验证了旁路分流式永磁体抗退磁的可能性及有效性。应用田口法对某款电机永磁体的厚度、镀层厚度、镀层宽度进行比较分析,得出这些关键参数对转矩、转矩脉动、永磁体退磁工作点等性能指标的影响及最优组合;最后基于全面的有限元计算分析,进一步验证并完善了之前的分析结论及旁路分流式永磁体的参数设计规律。
The anti-demagnetization technology of bypass-shunting-magnet was proposed. It' s based on the feature of partial demagnetization in interior permanent magnet( IPM) motor which has higher risk of demagnetization in the corner area compared with the center. Nickel-plate was applied at topical surface of magnet as by-pass flux paths to shunt demagnetizing flux,thereby the lowest operating point of the magnet is elevated and the anti-demagnetization ability of motor is enhanced consequently. The possibility and effectiveness of anti-demagnetization technology of bypass-shunting-magnet was analyzed and verified through mechanism analysis and FEA. Several combinations of parameters such as magnet thickness,plating thickness and plating width were analyzed through Taguchi method,then the optimal choice was selected and the influence of these parameters to the torque,torque ripple,working point of magnet and other performance were concluded. At last,based on further FEA results,the conclusion about parameter design rule of bypass-shunting-magnet was verified and improved.
The anti-demagnetization technology of bypass-shunting-magnet was proposed. It' s based on the feature of partial demagnetization in interior permanent magnet( IPM) motor which has higher risk of demagnetization in the corner area compared with the center. Nickel-plate was applied at topical surface of magnet as by-pass flux paths to shunt demagnetizing flux,thereby the lowest operating point of the magnet is elevated and the anti-demagnetization ability of motor is enhanced consequently. The possibility and effectiveness of anti-demagnetization technology of bypass-shunting-magnet was analyzed and verified through mechanism analysis and FEA. Several combinations of parameters such as magnet thickness,plating thickness and plating width were analyzed through Taguchi method,then the optimal choice was selected and the influence of these parameters to the torque,torque ripple,working point of magnet and other performance were concluded. At last,based on further FEA results,the conclusion about parameter design rule of bypass-shunting-magnet was verified and improved.
引文
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[2]张炳义,王三尧,冯桂宏.钕铁硼永磁电机永磁体涡流发热退磁研究[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2013,35(2):126.ZHANG Bingyi,WANG Sanyao,FENG Guihong.Research on demagnetization of Nd Fe B permanent magnet caused by eddy current heat in permanent magnet motor[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Technology,2013,35(2):126.
[3]李红梅,陈涛,姚宏洋.电动汽车PMSM退磁机理、诊断及发展[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(8):276.LI Hongmei,CHEN Tao,YAO Hongyang.Mechanism,diagnosis and development of demagnetization fault for PMSM in electric vehicle[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(8):276.
[4]师巍,高密度永磁电机防退磁技术研究[D].上海:上海大学,2012.
[5]YAMAZAKI K,LOSS Abe A.Investigation of interior permanentmagnet motors considering carrier harmonics and magnet eddy currents[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2009,41(5):659.
[6]FOULADGAR J,CHAUCEAU E.The influence of the harmonics on the temperature of electrical Machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2005,41(5):1644.
[7]唐任远,陈萍,佟文明,等.考虑涡流反作用的永磁体涡流损耗解析计算[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(24):1.TANG Renyuan,CHEN Ping,TONG Wenming,et al.Analytical calculation of eddy current loss accounting for eddy current reaction[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(24):1.
[8]KIM K C,KIM K,KIM H J,et al.Demagnetization analysis of permanent magnets according to rotor types of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(6):2799.
[9]HWANG K Y,RHEE S B,LEE J S,et al.Shape optimization of rotor pole in spoke type permanent magnet motor for reducing partial demagnetization effect and cogging torque[C]//Proceeding of International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.Seoul,Korea,2007:8.
[10]林展汐,基于组合磁极的一字型内置式永磁同步电机的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[11]周承豫,基于组合磁极的V型内置式永磁同步电机的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[12]佐川真人,藤木尚辉,Nd Fe B烧结磁体的制造方法和Nd Fe B烧结磁体:中国,200980101615.0[P],2010-12-08.
[13]孙宝玉,巴德纯,房也,等.Dy Al合金薄膜在Nd Fe B基体上真空热扩渗行为的研究[J],稀土,2010,31(4):17.SUN Baoyu,BA Dechun,FANG Ye,et al.Study of vacuum solid diffusion for Dy Al alloy thin film on sintered Nd Fe B magnet[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(4):17.
[14]樊熊飞,陆刚峰,卢吉,等.一种钕铁硼表面渗镝方法和一种钕铁硼表面渗铽方法:中国,201410377355.2[P],2014-11-26.
[15]李建,王琳,周磊,等.钕铁硼电泳法晶界扩散渗镝研究[J].中国稀土学报,2013,31(3):275.LI Jian,WANG Lin,ZHOU Lei,et al.Grain boundary diffusion of dysprosium Nd-Fe-B sintered magnet with electrophoretic deposition[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2013,31(3):275.
[16]ZHOU Lei,LIU Tao,LIN De,et al.Method for preparing rareearth permanent magnetic material with grain boundary diffusion using composite target by vapor deposition:USA,US2017/0037504 A1[P],2017-2-9.
[17]包小倩,毛华云,高学绪.镝扩渗对烧结钕铁硼磁体组织结构与磁性能的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(9):1215.BAO Xiaoqian,MAO Huayun,GAO Xuexu.Microstructure and magnetic properties of sintered NdFeB magnet by Dy Diffusion treatment[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(9):1215.
[18]HIGASHI T,MIYOSHI T,KATO R,et al.Development of rare earth-saving magnet using localized diffusion method[J].SAEInternational Journal Alternative Powertrains,2013,2:394.
[19]兰志勇,杨向宇,王芳媛,等.Taguchi方法在内嵌式正弦波永磁同步电机优化设计中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(12):37.LAN Zhiyong,YANG Xiangyu,WANG Fangyuan,et el.Application for optimal designing of sinusoidal interior permanent magnet synchronous motors by using the taguchi method[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(12):37.
[20]AVOKI M O.Robust torque and torque-per-inertia optimization of a switch reluctance motor using the taguchi methods[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2006,42(2):473.
[21]郭宏,钱浩.永磁同步电机低转矩脉动的稳健设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(24):88.GUO Hong,QIAN Hao.Robust design for reducing torque ripple in permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(24):88.