汀江国家湿地公园鸟类多样性及季节动态
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摘要
为调查汀江国家湿地公园鸟类多样性,提供湿地鸟类管理依据,采用样线法和直接计数法对汀江国家湿地公园鸟类多样性进行调查。共记录到鸟类14目44科118种,其中水鸟27种,雀形目鸟类73种,国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类8种。在鸟类各居留型中,留鸟68种,占57.6%;冬候鸟27种,占22.9%;夏候鸟16种,占13.6%;旅鸟7种,占5.9%。在鸟类各区系中,东洋界计50种,占42.4%,古北界种和两界广布种均为34种,各占28.8%。鸟类优势种以麻雀、白头鹎、白颊噪鹛、八哥等留鸟为主。夏侯鸟、旅鸟在湿地公园内数量偏低。不同季节鸟类多样性指数为秋季>冬季>春季>夏季,均匀度指数为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。通过调查,摸清了汀江国家湿地公园鸟类多样性现状,并对公园后续管理建设提出建议。
Avian diversity in Tingjiang National Wetland Park were monitored by line transects and direct counting method from June2016 to May 2017 in order to help wetland ecosystem management. A total of 118 bird species belonging to 14 orders,44 families were recorded,including 27 waterbirds,73 Passeriformes and 8 Chinese national second-grade protected species. Residents including 68 species( 57.6%),27 species( 22.9%) of winter migrant,16 species( 13.6%) of summer migrant and 7 species( 5.9%) of passage migrant were accounted,respectively. Avifauna was consisted of 50 oriental species( 42.4%),34 widespread species( 28.8%) and 34 palaearctic species( 28.8%). The residents,Passer montanus,Pycnonotus sinensis,Garrulax sannio,Acridotheres cristatellus were the main dominant birds. The population of summer migrants and passage migrants were less than other species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest in autumn but the lowest in summer while the Pielou evenness showed reversed trend. The bird diversity situation in the Tingjiang National Wetland Park was clarified and some suggestions for the following management was also provided.
Avian diversity in Tingjiang National Wetland Park were monitored by line transects and direct counting method from June2016 to May 2017 in order to help wetland ecosystem management. A total of 118 bird species belonging to 14 orders,44 families were recorded,including 27 waterbirds,73 Passeriformes and 8 Chinese national second-grade protected species. Residents including 68 species( 57.6%),27 species( 22.9%) of winter migrant,16 species( 13.6%) of summer migrant and 7 species( 5.9%) of passage migrant were accounted,respectively. Avifauna was consisted of 50 oriental species( 42.4%),34 widespread species( 28.8%) and 34 palaearctic species( 28.8%). The residents,Passer montanus,Pycnonotus sinensis,Garrulax sannio,Acridotheres cristatellus were the main dominant birds. The population of summer migrants and passage migrants were less than other species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest in autumn but the lowest in summer while the Pielou evenness showed reversed trend. The bird diversity situation in the Tingjiang National Wetland Park was clarified and some suggestions for the following management was also provided.
引文
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