干燥方法对川麦冬药材品质的影响
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摘要
目的:采用道地产区传统晒干、煤烟烘烤、隔烟烘烤,以及不同温度热风干燥(30、40、50、60℃)等方法加工的川麦冬药材,以川麦冬水分、总灰分、水溶性浸出物及7个主要皂苷、异黄酮类化学成分为考察指标,对不同加工方法下制得的川麦冬药材质量进行了综合评价比较。方法:通过紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS),分析干燥后川麦冬中各类成分的含量变化情况,并采用主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别法(OPLS-DA)进行多元统计分析。结果:不同干燥方法所得川麦冬药材均能达到2015年版中国药典对麦冬质量的总体要求;热风干燥法制得的麦冬样本,其化学成分均高于传统产地加工方法的麦冬样本。烘干温度对甲基麦冬黄酮A的影响最大,其次为麦冬黄烷酮E、甲基麦冬黄烷酮A和麦冬皂苷D'。结论:60℃恒温烘干的麦冬药材中各化学成分的含量较高,且灰分、水溶性浸出物含量适中,是较适宜的干燥方法。
Objective: Effects of different drying methods on the chemical profile of Ophiopogon japonicus root were compared,in order to screen optimum drying method and to provide the reference of standard processing method.Ophiopogon japonicus root was processed by traditional sun drying,drying using sulfur coal,drying using sulfur-free coal,and hot-air drying under different temperature(30,40,50,and 60 ℃).Moisture,total ash,water-soluble extracts contents and the constituents of seven homoisoflavones and saponins were selected for evaluating.Methods: Above constitutents were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole MS(HPLC-MS).Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to distinguish the difference between Ophiopogon japonicus root which processed under different drying method.Results: All of the samples meet the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(edition 2015).Compared with the hot-air drying samples,the concentrations of homoisoflavones and saponins were lower in the traditional dried samples relatively.The drying methods had great impact on methylophiopogonone A,ophiopogonanone E,methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone A.Conclusion: The 60 ℃ hot-air drying samples have a higher concentrations of homoisoflavones,saponins,and water-soluble extracte contents,whereas their total ash content is lower.Based on the obtained results,hot-air drying with 60 ℃ is the optimal method for the processing of Ophiopogon japonicus root.
Objective: Effects of different drying methods on the chemical profile of Ophiopogon japonicus root were compared,in order to screen optimum drying method and to provide the reference of standard processing method.Ophiopogon japonicus root was processed by traditional sun drying,drying using sulfur coal,drying using sulfur-free coal,and hot-air drying under different temperature(30,40,50,and 60 ℃).Moisture,total ash,water-soluble extracts contents and the constituents of seven homoisoflavones and saponins were selected for evaluating.Methods: Above constitutents were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole MS(HPLC-MS).Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to distinguish the difference between Ophiopogon japonicus root which processed under different drying method.Results: All of the samples meet the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(edition 2015).Compared with the hot-air drying samples,the concentrations of homoisoflavones and saponins were lower in the traditional dried samples relatively.The drying methods had great impact on methylophiopogonone A,ophiopogonanone E,methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone A.Conclusion: The 60 ℃ hot-air drying samples have a higher concentrations of homoisoflavones,saponins,and water-soluble extracte contents,whereas their total ash content is lower.Based on the obtained results,hot-air drying with 60 ℃ is the optimal method for the processing of Ophiopogon japonicus root.
引文
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[11]靳灿灿,李会军.硫磺熏蒸对天麻有效成分的影响[J].中成药,2014,36(8):1706-1710.
[12]江砚,宋小军,胡轶娟.硫熏对白芍芍药苷和总苷含量的影响研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2012,36(7):809-811.
[13]段金廒,宿树兰,严辉,等.药材初加工“杀青”环节与药材品质形成的探讨[J].中药材,2011,34(1):1-4.
[14]李芳,李乔,宋丹,等.不同干燥方法对人参花和西洋参花皂苷类成分的影响[J].中草药,2015,46(19):2937-2942.
[15]郭晓晔,杨东升,马长华,等.不同干燥加工方法对知母化学成分含量的影响[J].中国执业药师,2012,9(10):17-20.
[16]肖苏萍,何春年,曾燕,等.干燥方法与采收期对黄芩花中黄酮类化学成分的影响[J].中国现代中药,2013,15(11):975-980.
[17]冯胜,高敬铭,刘向前.微波干燥法对洋葱中黄酮含量的影响[J].西北药学杂志,2009,24(4):262-264.
[2]袁春丽,孙立,袁胜涛,等.麦冬有效成分的药理活性及作用机制研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2013,22(21):2496-2502.
[3]于晓文,杜鸿志,孙立,等.麦冬皂苷药理作用研究进展[J].药学进展,2014,38(4)):279-284.
[4]于学康.麦冬的药理作用研究进展[J].天津药学,2012,24(4):69-70.
[5]Chen MH,Chen XJ,Wang M,et al.Ophiopogon japonicus-A phytochemical,ethnomedicinal and pharmacological review[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2016,181:193-213.
[6]陈林伟,秦昆明,朱艳汇,等.中药材产地加工的研究现状及展望[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(4):602-606.
[7]Wu Y,Dong Z,Wu H,et al.Comparative studies on Ophiopogonis and Liriopes based on the determination of 11 bioactive components using LC-MS/MS and Hierarchical clustering analysis[J].Food Research International,2014,57(1):15-25.
[8]孙曙光,刘伟,徐倩,等.不同产地硫熏和烘干金银花中绿原酸含量的高效液相色谱测定[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(3):669-670.
[9]杜伟锋,张浩,岳显可,等.高效液相色谱法同时测定浙贝母硫熏前后8个水溶性成分的含量[J].中国药学杂志,2016,51(8):659-662.
[10]Wang XH,Xie PS,Lam CW,et al.Study of the destructive effect to inherent quality of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix(Baizhi)by sulfur-fumigated process using chromatographic fingerprinting analysis[J].Journal of Pharmaceutical Biomedical Analysis,2009,49(5):1221-1225.
[11]靳灿灿,李会军.硫磺熏蒸对天麻有效成分的影响[J].中成药,2014,36(8):1706-1710.
[12]江砚,宋小军,胡轶娟.硫熏对白芍芍药苷和总苷含量的影响研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2012,36(7):809-811.
[13]段金廒,宿树兰,严辉,等.药材初加工“杀青”环节与药材品质形成的探讨[J].中药材,2011,34(1):1-4.
[14]李芳,李乔,宋丹,等.不同干燥方法对人参花和西洋参花皂苷类成分的影响[J].中草药,2015,46(19):2937-2942.
[15]郭晓晔,杨东升,马长华,等.不同干燥加工方法对知母化学成分含量的影响[J].中国执业药师,2012,9(10):17-20.
[16]肖苏萍,何春年,曾燕,等.干燥方法与采收期对黄芩花中黄酮类化学成分的影响[J].中国现代中药,2013,15(11):975-980.
[17]冯胜,高敬铭,刘向前.微波干燥法对洋葱中黄酮含量的影响[J].西北药学杂志,2009,24(4):262-264.