ARTP辐照对两色金鸡菊种子诱变的生物学效应
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摘要
ARTP(常压室温等离子体)作为一种新型安全高效的生物诱变育种手段,已成功应用于微生物的育种研究,在植物上的应用刚刚起步.本研究首次采用ARTP处理两色金鸡菊(Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.)种子,研究其对种子萌发、幼苗生长、花形和品质的影响,以期获得观赏价值大、品质好的诱变品系.结果表明:(1)与对照相比,不同时间(7.50～37.50min)的ARTP辐照提高了两色金鸡菊种子的发芽势和发芽率,辐照22.50min时其发芽势(80.00%)和发芽率(86.70%)达最大;不同时间的ARTP辐照也不同程度地增加了其幼苗的最大冠幅、叶片数量、叶柄长度、叶面积,以22.50min的辐照效果最好.(2)ARTP辐照种子22.50min后,其大部分植株最大花径明显增加、舌状花红褐色区域明显增大,13.33%的植株舌状花瓣数增多(Tm)、6.67%的植株雄蕊瓣化(Ts)、6.67%的植株舌状花管状化(似喇叭状)(Tt);部分植株花朵总黄酮、绿原酸和木犀草苷成分增加,其中Tt植株不仅花形发生变化且活性成分也有所提高.ARTP诱变有望成为两色金鸡菊育种的新途径.
ARTP(Atmospheric and room temperature plasma)irradiation has been widely used in the breeding of microorganisms as a new,safe and efficient biological mutation breeding method.Its application in plants has just been started.In this study,the seeds of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.were irradiated by ARTP for the first time.After irradiation,the change of seed germination,seedling growth,flower shape and quality were studied.The study's purpose to generate mutant strains with improved ornamental value and flower quality.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the control,the different ARTP irradiation time(7.50-37.50min)improved the germination potential and germination rate of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.seeds,the maximal value of 80.00% and 86.70% at 22.50 min,respectively;the maximum crown length,the number of leaves,the length of petiole and the area of leaf increased with the extension of ARTP irradiation time,and the effect was the best at 22.50 min.(2)After 22.50 min of ARTP irradiation,the maximum flower diameter and the red brown area of ligulate flowers(Tr)of most plants increased significantly;the number of ligulate flowers petals of 13.33% plants was increased(Tm),stamens of6.67% plants were petaloid(Ts)and ligulate flower of 6.67% plants became trumpet-shaped(Tt);contents of flavonoids,chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in some plants' flowers were increased,especially in the Tt plants,not only the flower shape was changed but also the active components were increased.ARTP irradiation is expected to become a new way of breeding for Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.
ARTP(Atmospheric and room temperature plasma)irradiation has been widely used in the breeding of microorganisms as a new,safe and efficient biological mutation breeding method.Its application in plants has just been started.In this study,the seeds of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.were irradiated by ARTP for the first time.After irradiation,the change of seed germination,seedling growth,flower shape and quality were studied.The study's purpose to generate mutant strains with improved ornamental value and flower quality.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the control,the different ARTP irradiation time(7.50-37.50min)improved the germination potential and germination rate of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.seeds,the maximal value of 80.00% and 86.70% at 22.50 min,respectively;the maximum crown length,the number of leaves,the length of petiole and the area of leaf increased with the extension of ARTP irradiation time,and the effect was the best at 22.50 min.(2)After 22.50 min of ARTP irradiation,the maximum flower diameter and the red brown area of ligulate flowers(Tr)of most plants increased significantly;the number of ligulate flowers petals of 13.33% plants was increased(Tm),stamens of6.67% plants were petaloid(Ts)and ligulate flower of 6.67% plants became trumpet-shaped(Tt);contents of flavonoids,chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in some plants' flowers were increased,especially in the Tt plants,not only the flower shape was changed but also the active components were increased.ARTP irradiation is expected to become a new way of breeding for Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.
引文
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[5]吴亦楠,邢新会,张翀,等.ARTP生物育种技术与装备研发及其产业化发展[J].生物产业技术,2017(1):37-45.
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[8]杨长琴,张国伟,刘瑞显,等.种植密度和缩节胺调控对麦后直播棉产量和冠层特征的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(4):331-338.
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[12]宋琳琳,罗乐,武鹏飞.超声波法对菊花中总黄酮提取工艺的优化[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(10):188-189.
[13]买买提·艾买提,木合布力·阿布力孜,孟磊.新疆昆仑雪菊水溶性总黄酮的含量测定[J].海峡药学,2010,22(10):56-58.
[14]王艳,张彦丽,阿依吐伦·斯马义.分光光度法测定新疆昆仑雪菊中总黄酮的含量[J].新疆医科大学学报,2011,34(8):817-819.
[15]木合布力·阿布力孜,张燕,景兆均,等.新疆昆仑雪菊化学成分的初步定性研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2010,33(6):628-630.
[16]国家药典委员会.中国药典[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015
[17]周筑文,黄燕芬,杨思泽,等.大气压等离子体处理对番茄生长发育及产量与品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(2):1085-1088.
[2]杜鹃,吴忠红.新疆昆仑雪菊总黄酮含量测定方法研究[J].食品研究与开发,2015(1):93-96.
[3]Zhang X,Zhang X F,Li H P,et al.Atmospheric and room temperature plasma(ARTP)as a new powerful mutagenesis tool.[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2014,98(12):5387-5396.
[4]Zhang X,Zhang C,Zhou Q Q,et al.Quantitative evaluation of DNA damage and mutation rate by atmospheric and room-temperature plasma(ARTP)and conventional mutagenesis[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2015,99(13):5639-5646.
[5]吴亦楠,邢新会,张翀,等.ARTP生物育种技术与装备研发及其产业化发展[J].生物产业技术,2017(1):37-45.
[6]骆美洁,赵衍鑫,宋伟,等.常压室温等离子体对玉米种子及花粉萌发的影响[J].分子植物育种,2016,14(5):1262-1267.
[7]顾承星,翟德武,阿不来提·马合木提.和田县平原昆仑雪菊栽培技术[J].新疆农业科技,2011(6):39-40.
[8]杨长琴,张国伟,刘瑞显,等.种植密度和缩节胺调控对麦后直播棉产量和冠层特征的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(4):331-338.
[9]叶尔根·夏依木拉提.盐胁迫对雪菊种子萌发及幼苗生理和生长特性的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015.
[10]黄庆文.果树叶片近似叶面积计算公式[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1990(90):59-61.
[11]刘素华,彭延,彭小峰,等.调亏灌溉与合理密植对旱区棉花生长发育及产量与品质的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(2):184-188.
[12]宋琳琳,罗乐,武鹏飞.超声波法对菊花中总黄酮提取工艺的优化[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(10):188-189.
[13]买买提·艾买提,木合布力·阿布力孜,孟磊.新疆昆仑雪菊水溶性总黄酮的含量测定[J].海峡药学,2010,22(10):56-58.
[14]王艳,张彦丽,阿依吐伦·斯马义.分光光度法测定新疆昆仑雪菊中总黄酮的含量[J].新疆医科大学学报,2011,34(8):817-819.
[15]木合布力·阿布力孜,张燕,景兆均,等.新疆昆仑雪菊化学成分的初步定性研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2010,33(6):628-630.
[16]国家药典委员会.中国药典[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015
[17]周筑文,黄燕芬,杨思泽,等.大气压等离子体处理对番茄生长发育及产量与品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(2):1085-1088.