高校女大学生月经状况的流行病学分析
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摘要
目的通过问卷调查领会高校女大学生的月经状况及其对经期保健知识的认识、经期的行为表现等近况,从而为指导高校女大学生开展经期卫生保健等相关的医学知识教育、为临床开展月经病预防保健提供新思路。方法采纳郑惠秈前辈设计的统一调查问卷对自愿接受调查的广东药科大学375名本科女大学生进行一对一的问卷调查。结果 (1)本次经严谨的调查后共回收375份有效问卷,有效率100%;(2)月经的初潮年龄与自身的出生情况、身高、体重、母亲的文化水平等没有统计学差异;(3)经期或经前伴随腰酸、腿软或无力的发生率为73.6%。结论 (1)大部分的女大学生的初潮年龄、月经周期、经期与及经量属于正常范畴;(2)大部分高校女大学生对经期保健常识有待完善,知识来源渠道不足;(3)大部分高校女大学生在经期偶伴有不良症状,常见为乳房胀痛、脾气暴躁、腰酸、腿软或乏力、痛经、易感冒等。因此,学校应根据实际需要,大力普及经期保健常识。
Objective By investigating understand the menstruation situation of female college students in universities and the cognition of menstrual health care knowledge, behavior, such as the status quo, to guide the female college students in colleges and universities to carry out the relevant medical knowledge education, and is targeted to carry out the menstrual cycle of female college students health care, health education, and set corresponding menstrual disease preventive care measures for clinical and treatment to provide new way of thinking. Methods Using a unified questionnaire designed by Zheng Huixian's predecessors, a one-to-one questionnaire survey was conducted among 375 female undergraduate students in Guangdong Pharmaceutical University who were voluntarily surveyed. Results(1) A total of 375 valid questionnaires were collected after the rigorous investigation, with an effective rate of 100%;(2) There was no statistical significance in the age of the first menstruation and the age of birth, height, weight and the degree of the mother's culture;(3) The incidence of lumbar acid, leg weakness or weakness was higher, accounting for 73.6%. Conclusion(1) The age, menstrual cycle, period of menstruation and menstruation of most female college students belong to the normal range;(2) Most college female college students lack knowledge of health care and lack of knowledge source;(3) The majority of female college students are accompanied by bad symptoms during menstruation, commonly known as breast tenderness, irritable temper, low back acid, soft or weak leg, dysmenorrhea, easy cold, etc. Therefore, schools should be based on their actual needs to clarify the way and content of female college students during the period of health care, to popularize the health knowledge of menstruation, and enhance the female college students' ability to protect themselves.
Objective By investigating understand the menstruation situation of female college students in universities and the cognition of menstrual health care knowledge, behavior, such as the status quo, to guide the female college students in colleges and universities to carry out the relevant medical knowledge education, and is targeted to carry out the menstrual cycle of female college students health care, health education, and set corresponding menstrual disease preventive care measures for clinical and treatment to provide new way of thinking. Methods Using a unified questionnaire designed by Zheng Huixian's predecessors, a one-to-one questionnaire survey was conducted among 375 female undergraduate students in Guangdong Pharmaceutical University who were voluntarily surveyed. Results(1) A total of 375 valid questionnaires were collected after the rigorous investigation, with an effective rate of 100%;(2) There was no statistical significance in the age of the first menstruation and the age of birth, height, weight and the degree of the mother's culture;(3) The incidence of lumbar acid, leg weakness or weakness was higher, accounting for 73.6%. Conclusion(1) The age, menstrual cycle, period of menstruation and menstruation of most female college students belong to the normal range;(2) Most college female college students lack knowledge of health care and lack of knowledge source;(3) The majority of female college students are accompanied by bad symptoms during menstruation, commonly known as breast tenderness, irritable temper, low back acid, soft or weak leg, dysmenorrhea, easy cold, etc. Therefore, schools should be based on their actual needs to clarify the way and content of female college students during the period of health care, to popularize the health knowledge of menstruation, and enhance the female college students' ability to protect themselves.
引文
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[10]让蔚清,周少琴,谢红卫,等.月经症状自评量表设计及初步应用研究[J].实用预防医学,1999,6(5):324-325.
[11]郑惠秈.福州部分高校女大学生月经状况的流行病学调查[D].福州:福建中医药大学,2011:30-31.
[12]贲晓明,秦玉明,喻文亮,等.母乳中瘦素含量及其对新生儿生长调节作用的研究[J].新生儿科杂志,2005,20(5):202-205.
[13]高菊妹.810名医学生月经状况调查[J].中国健康教育.2004.20(6):555-556.
[14]张洪,朱美玉,严冰华,等.1585名医学专业女生原发性痛经影响因素调查[J].中国校医.2008,3(22):287-290.
[15]姚方,叶寒.原发性痛经的病因与中西医治疗进行[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2009,18(29):3652-3654.
[2]金善循,徐克惠,陈波,等.成都市某中学初中女生月经状况及经期卫生知识调查分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2006,21(4):526-528.
[3]陈锋菊,张静.湖南某大学女生月经知识水平、经期卫生行为及相关态度[J].中国妇幼保健,2010,25(10):1320-1322.
[4]徐敏,耿铁军.435名女大学生月经情况调查[J].中国校医,2002,16(1):43.
[5]许娟,卢燕芬,马力扬.对女大学生月经异常的分析及经期保健探讨[J].西北民族大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(2):76-78.
[6]蒋艳杰,孙茹,杨熹洁,等.对非体育专业女大学生月经周期生理保健问题的调查与研究[J].辽宁体育科技,2005,27(4):23-26.
[7]山东省人民医院等编写.实用妇产科[M].1版.济南:山东科学技术出版社,2011:108.
[8]刘仲君.重视女大学生的月经期保健[J].内江师范学院学报,2010,25(4):50-52.
[9]四川省教委体卫处.大学生健康教育[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2014:31-32.
[10]让蔚清,周少琴,谢红卫,等.月经症状自评量表设计及初步应用研究[J].实用预防医学,1999,6(5):324-325.
[11]郑惠秈.福州部分高校女大学生月经状况的流行病学调查[D].福州:福建中医药大学,2011:30-31.
[12]贲晓明,秦玉明,喻文亮,等.母乳中瘦素含量及其对新生儿生长调节作用的研究[J].新生儿科杂志,2005,20(5):202-205.
[13]高菊妹.810名医学生月经状况调查[J].中国健康教育.2004.20(6):555-556.
[14]张洪,朱美玉,严冰华,等.1585名医学专业女生原发性痛经影响因素调查[J].中国校医.2008,3(22):287-290.
[15]姚方,叶寒.原发性痛经的病因与中西医治疗进行[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2009,18(29):3652-3654.