考虑交互作用的铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数优化
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摘要
对铝合金材料来说搅拌摩擦焊优于任何其他焊接方法,但搅拌摩擦焊过程中如果搅拌头或焊接参数选择不合适则在焊缝中会产生各种焊接缺陷,影响焊接接头的质量。选择搅拌头旋转速度(A)、搅拌头横向移动速度(B)、搅拌头轴肩下压力(C)作为控制因子,在考虑交互作用的基础上选择L_(27)(3~(13))正交表安排实验,选择抗拉强度作为考察指标。通过极差分析和交互作用效用图分析得出控制因子的最佳组合方案为A_3B_2C_2,通过方差分析得出控制因子对考察指标影响显著性程度,通过实验验证了结论的正确性。
For aluminum alloy,friction stir welding( FSW) is the most suitable welding technology,but if the FSW tool used or the FSW parameters selected are unsuitable,various defects will occurred in weld joint,which damages its quality. The three easily adjustable factors,i. e. tool rotary speed( A),tool traverse speed( B),and axial force( C),were selected as controllable factors.Considering the interactions between controllable factors,various experiments were performed according to the orthogonal table L_(27)(3~(13)). The tensile strength was selected as the evaluation index. The optimized process parameter combination was obtained as A_3B_2C_2,i. e. A at the third level,B at the second level,and C at the second level,with the range analysis and interaction utility analysis. The significance of the controllable factors on the evaluation index was obtained with variance analysis. The results were confirmed by further experiments.
For aluminum alloy,friction stir welding( FSW) is the most suitable welding technology,but if the FSW tool used or the FSW parameters selected are unsuitable,various defects will occurred in weld joint,which damages its quality. The three easily adjustable factors,i. e. tool rotary speed( A),tool traverse speed( B),and axial force( C),were selected as controllable factors.Considering the interactions between controllable factors,various experiments were performed according to the orthogonal table L_(27)(3~(13)). The tensile strength was selected as the evaluation index. The optimized process parameter combination was obtained as A_3B_2C_2,i. e. A at the third level,B at the second level,and C at the second level,with the range analysis and interaction utility analysis. The significance of the controllable factors on the evaluation index was obtained with variance analysis. The results were confirmed by further experiments.
引文
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[2]曾平.搅拌摩擦焊在船用铝合金结构中的应用[J].船海工程,2010,39(1):55-57.ZENG P.The Characteristic of Friction Stir Welding and Its Application in the Aluminum Alloy Structure of Ship[J]Ship&Ocean Engineering,2010,39(1):55-57.
[3]姜澜,魏绪均,姚广春,等.铝合金搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及应用[J].材料导报,2003,17(6):70-72.JIANG L,WEI X J,YAO G C,et al.Application and Research Status of Friction Stir Welding[J].Materials Review,2003,17(6):70-72.
[4]栾国红,郭德伦.搅拌摩擦焊技术在中国的发展和推广应用[J].航空制造技术,2014(17):70-75.LUAN G H,GUO D L.Development and Application o Friction Stir Welding Technology in China[J].Aeronautica Manufacturing Technology,2014(17):70-75.
[5]王伟,史清宇,李亭,等.搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数窗口的建立与接头性能[J].焊接学报,2008,29(5):77-80.WANG W,SHI Q Y,LI T,et al.Mechanical Properties and Welding Parameters Window of Friction Stir Welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2008,29(5):77-80.
[6]彭安华,王智明.基于正交试验法的PID控制器参数整定[J].机械科学与技术,2011,30(6):1028-1032.PENG A H,WANG Z M.Parameter Tuning for PID Controllers Based on Orthogonal Experiments[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2011,30(6):1028-1032.
[7]沈邦兴,文昌俊.实验设计及工程应用[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2005.
[8]魏宗舒.概率论与数理统计教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[9]辜纯民,邓卫华,杨成刚,等.搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对LY12铝合金接头组织和力学性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2008,32(6):22-24.GU C M,DENG W H,YANG C G,et al.Effects of Friction Welding Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of LY12 Aluminum Joints[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2008,32(6):22-24.
[10]SHOJAEEFARD M H,AKBARI M,KHALKHALI A,et al.Optimization of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welding Using the Cellular Automation and Taguchi Method[J].Materials and Design,2014,64:660-666.