基于居民感知的跨界意义研究——以深港跨界居民为例
|
摘要
对于在边界两侧居住的居民,跨界流动、居民对边界另一侧的地方感、跨界的个人意义以及跨界的区域意义这四者之间的互动关系是值得关注的话题。本文基于深港跨界居民的调查数据,构建了路径模型来分析上述四者之间的关系。发现:跨界频率对深港居民的地方感具有显著的正向作用;跨界频率对个人和区域意义的感知均具有显著影响,对个人意义的感知影响是正向的,但对区域意义的感知影响却是负向的;地方感对边界的个人和区域意义感知均具有显著的正向影响。本文通过对深港边界居民的实证研究,深化了对跨界流动意义的理解,以期为深港一体化相关政策制定和实施提供依据和借鉴。
The socio-economic ties between Hong Kong and Shenzhen are growing stronger, leading to significant growth in cross-border travel over the years. To reveal the impacts of cross-border mobility, especially on the perception and ideas on people's minds, is crucial to the integration process between Hong Kong and Shenzhen. The socio-cultural effect of cross-border contacts is disputable, and this paper place in argument in the context of Hong Kong and Shenzhen borderland region. Based on survey data with 831 respondents taking residence in Shenzhen or Hong Kong, we conducted path model to analyze the interaction among cross-border mobility, border perception and sense of place. The results show that: 1) Frequency of border crossing directly influences Hong Kong and Shenzhen resident's perception on personal and regional changes brought by the border; 2) Frequency of border crossing also directly influenced people's sense of place toward the city on the other side of the border. The more frequent border crossers have stronger positive sense of place; 3) Sense of place have direct influence on the perception of personal changes while have indirect influence on the perception of regional changes.
The socio-economic ties between Hong Kong and Shenzhen are growing stronger, leading to significant growth in cross-border travel over the years. To reveal the impacts of cross-border mobility, especially on the perception and ideas on people's minds, is crucial to the integration process between Hong Kong and Shenzhen. The socio-cultural effect of cross-border contacts is disputable, and this paper place in argument in the context of Hong Kong and Shenzhen borderland region. Based on survey data with 831 respondents taking residence in Shenzhen or Hong Kong, we conducted path model to analyze the interaction among cross-border mobility, border perception and sense of place. The results show that: 1) Frequency of border crossing directly influences Hong Kong and Shenzhen resident's perception on personal and regional changes brought by the border; 2) Frequency of border crossing also directly influenced people's sense of place toward the city on the other side of the border. The more frequent border crossers have stronger positive sense of place; 3) Sense of place have direct influence on the perception of personal changes while have indirect influence on the perception of regional changes.
引文
[1]香港规划署.南来北往2015:跨界旅运统计调查报告[R].香港特别行政区政府,2015:6.[Planning Department. Northbound Southbound 2015:Cross-boundary Travel Survey[R]. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2015:6.]
[2]杨英.新时期粤港澳经济更紧密合作的基本趋向[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):97-101.[Yang Ying. Exploring the basic trend of the closer cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao in the new period[J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Social Science Edition), 2016(4):97-101.]
[3]林耿,许学强.大珠三角区域经济一体化研究[J].经济地理,2005,25(5):677-681.[Lin Geng, Xu Xueqiang. Study on regional economic integration of Great Pearl River Delta[J]. Economic Geography,2005,25(5):677-681.]
[4]顾朝林,陈金永.大都市伸展区:全球化时代中国大都市地区发展新特征[J].规划师,2002,18(2):16-20.[Gu Chaolin, Chen Jinyon.New characteristics of development of extended metropolitan regions in the time of globalization[J]. Planners, 2002,18(2):16-20.]
[5]顾朝林,陈果.论深圳新工业空间开拓——经济全球化、产业结构重建与转移的结果[J].经济地理,2001,21(3):261-265.[Gu Chaolin,Chen Guo. New industrial zone:Result of globalization, restructure and shift of industries in Shenzhen[J]. Economic Geography, 2001,21(3):261-265.]
[6]薛凤旋,杨春.香港—深圳跨境城市经济区之形成[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):16-27.[Victor FS Sit, Chun Yang. The transborder economic region of Hong Kong-Shenzhen[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica,1997,52(S1):16-27.]
[7]林初昇.港粤整合与珠江三角洲的空间转型——以东莞为例[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):71-79.[George CS Lin. Hong Kong-Guangdong reintegration spatial transformation in the post-reform Zhu Jiang Delta:A case study of DongGuan[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica,1997,52(S1):71-79.]
[8]沈建法.城市跨界发展与融合——港深案例研究[J].城市规划,2013,37(6):20-25.[Shen Jianfa. Cross-boundary urban development and integration:A case study of Hong Kong and Shen Zhen[J].Urban Governance, 2013,37(6):20-25.]
[9]阎小培,冷勇.深圳—香港双城协调发展研究[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):95-103.[Yan Xiaopei, Leng Yong. Study on the coordinative development of Shenzhen-Hong Kong twin cities[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 1997,52(S1):95-103.]
[10]吴旗韬,张虹鸥,叶玉瑶,等.基于交通可达性的港珠澳大桥时空压缩效应[J].地理学报,2012,67(6):723-732.[Wu Qitao, Zhang Hongou, Ye Yuyao, et al. The impact of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge on the traffic pattern of Pearl River Delte[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2012,67(6):723-732.]
[11]吴旗韬,樊杰,张虹鸥,等.跨海通道空间效益模型——以珠江口跨海通道为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(11):2061-2072.[Wu Qitao, Fan Jie, Zhang Hongou,et al. Spatial effects of different fixed links on accessibility and regional economic linkage in Pearl River Delta[J].Geographical Research, 2015,34(11):2061-2072.]
[12]陆林,汤云云.珠江三角洲都市圈国内旅游者空间行为模式研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(1):10-18.[Lu Lin, Tang Yunyun. Spatial behavior patterns of domestic tourists of the Zhujiang River Delta metropolitan area[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014,34(1):10-18.]
[13]查瑞波,孙根年,董治宝.1976年以来香港入境旅游关系圈变化及指示性[J].地理学报,2016,71(10):1801-1814.[Zha Ruibo, Sun Gennian, Dong Zhibao. Changes of the Hong Kong inbound tourism relationship circle and its indications since 1976[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2016,71(10):1801-1814.]
[14]封丹,庞靖雯.一体化背景下粤港澳跨境旅游流及地域分布研究[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2015,33(4):52-57.[Feng Dan, Pang Jing-wen. The cross-border tourism flows between Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong province and the geographical distribution in the context of tourism integration[J]. Journal of Foshan University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2015,33(4):52-57.]
[15]Newman D. The lines that continue to separate us:Borders in our"borderless"world[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2006,30(2):143-161.
[16]唐雪琼,杨茜好,钱俊希.流动性视角下边界的空间实践及其意义——以云南省河口县中越边境地区X村为例[J].地理研究,2016,35(8):1535-1546.[Tang Xueqiong, Yang Xihao, Qian Junxi. Meanings and practices of borders from the perspective of cross-border mobility:A case study of village X, Hekou,Yunnan at the Sino-Vietnamese borderlands[J]. Geographical Research, 2016,35(8):1535-1546.]
[17]Sandtner M, Eder S. Common spirit in the upper Rhine Valley[M]//Kaplan D, H?kli J. Boundaries and Place:European Borderlands in Context. Lanham MD:Rowman and Littlefield, 2002:141-158.
[18]Sturgeon J C. Cross-border rubber cultivation between China and Laos:Regionalization by Akha and Tai rubber farmers[J]. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 2012,34(1):70-85.
[19]Wang C. Bridging borders in the global city:Negotiating sameness and difference in Hong Kong's skilled immigrants from mainland China[J]. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 2012,13(4):565-581.
[20]Smart A, Smart J. Transnational social networks and negotiated identities in interactions between Hong Kong and China[M]//Smith M P, Guarnico L E. Transnationalism from Below. New Brunswick:Transaction Publishers, 1998:103-129.
[21]Smart A. Sharp edges, fuzzy categories and trans-border networks:Managing and housing new arrivals in Hong Kong[J]. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2003,26(2):218-233.
[22]Amante M F. Recovering the paradox of the border:Identity and(un)familiarity across the Portuguese-Spanish border[J]. European Planning Studies, 2013,21(1):24-41.
[23]Sidaway J D. The poetry of boundaries[M]//Rajaram P K, GrundyWarr C. In Borderscapes:Hidden Geographies and Politics of Territory's Edges. Minneapolis, MN:University of Minnesota Press,2008:161-181.
[24]Collins K. Life in the US-Mexican border region:Residents'perceptions of the place[J]. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 2013,28(1):127-146.
[25]Trillosantamaría J M. Cross-border regions:The gap between the elite's projects and people's awareness. Reflections from the Galicia-North Portugal Euroregion[J]. Journal of Borderlands Studies,2014,29(2):257-273.
[26]Anderson J. Understanding Cultural Geography:Places and Traces[M]. New York:Routledge, 2015:119-131.
[27]Orittiz A, Garicia-Ramon M D, Prats M. Women's use of public space and sense of place in the Raval(Barcelona)[J]. GeoJournal,2004,61(3):219-227.
[28]Stedman R. Is it really just a social construction?:The contribution of the physical environment to sense of place[J]. Society&Natural Resources, 2003,16(8):671-685.
[29]Jorgensen B S, Stedman R C. A comparative analysis of predictors of sense of place dimensions:Attachment to, dependence on, and identification with lakeshore properties[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006,79(3):316-327.
[30]吴莉萍,周尚意.城市化对乡村社区地方感的影响分析:以北京三个乡村社区为例[J].北京社会科学,2009(2):30-35.[Wu Liping,Zhou Shangyi. Urbanization impacts on sense of place for rural communities:A case study of three villages in Beijing[J]. Social Science of Beijing, 2009(2):30-35.]
[31]唐文跃,张捷,罗浩.九寨沟自然观光地旅游者地方感特征分析[J].地理学报,2007,64(6):599-608.[Tang Wenyue, Zhang Jie, Luo Hao. The characteristics of natural scenery sightseers sense of place:A case study of Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007,64(6):599-608.]
[32]Rose G. Place and identity:A sense of place[M]//Massey D, Jess P.A Place in the Word? Place, Culture and Globalization. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1995:87-132.
[33]Billig M. Sense of place in the neighborhood, in locations of urban revitalization[J]. GeoJournal, 2005,64(2):117-130.
[34]朱竑,李如铁,苏斌原.微观视角下的移民地方感及其影响因素——以广州市城中村移民为例[J].地理学报,2016,71(4):637-648.[Zhu Hong, Li Rutie, Su Binyuan. The migrants'sense of place and its influencing factors on a microcosmic perspective:A case study of the migrants in the urban villages in Guangzhou[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2016,71(4):637-648.]
[35]Casey E. Between geography and philosophy:What does it mean to be in the place-world?[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2001,91(4):683-693.
[36]朱竑,刘博.地方感、地方依恋与地方认同等概念的辨析及研究启示[J].华南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011(1):1-8.[Zhu Hong,Liu Bo. Constructs analysis and research implications:Sense of place, place attachment and place identity[J]. Journal of South China Normal University:Natural Science Edition, 2011(1):1-8.]
[37]许振晓,张捷,Geoffrey W,等.居民地方感对区域旅游发展支持度影响:以九寨沟旅游核心社区为例[J].地理学报,2009,64(6):736-744.[Xu Zhenxiao, Zhang Jie, Geoffrey W, et al. Research on influence of residents place attachment on positive attitude to tourism with a mediator of development expectation:A case of core tourism community in Jiuzhaigou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009,64(6):736-744.]
[38]苏勤,钱树伟.世界遗产地旅游者地方感影响关系及机理分析——以苏州古典园林为例[J].地理学报,2012,67(8):1137-1148.[Su Qin, Qian Shuwei. Influence relationship and mechanism of tourists'sense of place in world heritage sites:A case study of the classical gardens of Suzhou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012,67(8):1137-1148.]
[39]Hardwick S W, Mansfield G. Discourse, identity and'homeland as other'at the borderlands[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2009,99(2):383-405.
[40]吴明隆.结构方程模型——AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:37-68.[Wu Minglong. Structural Equation Modeling:Operation and Application of AMOS[M]. Chongqing:Chongqing University Press, 2010:37-68.]
[2]杨英.新时期粤港澳经济更紧密合作的基本趋向[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):97-101.[Yang Ying. Exploring the basic trend of the closer cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao in the new period[J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Social Science Edition), 2016(4):97-101.]
[3]林耿,许学强.大珠三角区域经济一体化研究[J].经济地理,2005,25(5):677-681.[Lin Geng, Xu Xueqiang. Study on regional economic integration of Great Pearl River Delta[J]. Economic Geography,2005,25(5):677-681.]
[4]顾朝林,陈金永.大都市伸展区:全球化时代中国大都市地区发展新特征[J].规划师,2002,18(2):16-20.[Gu Chaolin, Chen Jinyon.New characteristics of development of extended metropolitan regions in the time of globalization[J]. Planners, 2002,18(2):16-20.]
[5]顾朝林,陈果.论深圳新工业空间开拓——经济全球化、产业结构重建与转移的结果[J].经济地理,2001,21(3):261-265.[Gu Chaolin,Chen Guo. New industrial zone:Result of globalization, restructure and shift of industries in Shenzhen[J]. Economic Geography, 2001,21(3):261-265.]
[6]薛凤旋,杨春.香港—深圳跨境城市经济区之形成[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):16-27.[Victor FS Sit, Chun Yang. The transborder economic region of Hong Kong-Shenzhen[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica,1997,52(S1):16-27.]
[7]林初昇.港粤整合与珠江三角洲的空间转型——以东莞为例[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):71-79.[George CS Lin. Hong Kong-Guangdong reintegration spatial transformation in the post-reform Zhu Jiang Delta:A case study of DongGuan[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica,1997,52(S1):71-79.]
[8]沈建法.城市跨界发展与融合——港深案例研究[J].城市规划,2013,37(6):20-25.[Shen Jianfa. Cross-boundary urban development and integration:A case study of Hong Kong and Shen Zhen[J].Urban Governance, 2013,37(6):20-25.]
[9]阎小培,冷勇.深圳—香港双城协调发展研究[J].地理学报,1997,52(S1):95-103.[Yan Xiaopei, Leng Yong. Study on the coordinative development of Shenzhen-Hong Kong twin cities[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 1997,52(S1):95-103.]
[10]吴旗韬,张虹鸥,叶玉瑶,等.基于交通可达性的港珠澳大桥时空压缩效应[J].地理学报,2012,67(6):723-732.[Wu Qitao, Zhang Hongou, Ye Yuyao, et al. The impact of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge on the traffic pattern of Pearl River Delte[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2012,67(6):723-732.]
[11]吴旗韬,樊杰,张虹鸥,等.跨海通道空间效益模型——以珠江口跨海通道为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(11):2061-2072.[Wu Qitao, Fan Jie, Zhang Hongou,et al. Spatial effects of different fixed links on accessibility and regional economic linkage in Pearl River Delta[J].Geographical Research, 2015,34(11):2061-2072.]
[12]陆林,汤云云.珠江三角洲都市圈国内旅游者空间行为模式研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(1):10-18.[Lu Lin, Tang Yunyun. Spatial behavior patterns of domestic tourists of the Zhujiang River Delta metropolitan area[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014,34(1):10-18.]
[13]查瑞波,孙根年,董治宝.1976年以来香港入境旅游关系圈变化及指示性[J].地理学报,2016,71(10):1801-1814.[Zha Ruibo, Sun Gennian, Dong Zhibao. Changes of the Hong Kong inbound tourism relationship circle and its indications since 1976[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2016,71(10):1801-1814.]
[14]封丹,庞靖雯.一体化背景下粤港澳跨境旅游流及地域分布研究[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2015,33(4):52-57.[Feng Dan, Pang Jing-wen. The cross-border tourism flows between Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong province and the geographical distribution in the context of tourism integration[J]. Journal of Foshan University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2015,33(4):52-57.]
[15]Newman D. The lines that continue to separate us:Borders in our"borderless"world[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2006,30(2):143-161.
[16]唐雪琼,杨茜好,钱俊希.流动性视角下边界的空间实践及其意义——以云南省河口县中越边境地区X村为例[J].地理研究,2016,35(8):1535-1546.[Tang Xueqiong, Yang Xihao, Qian Junxi. Meanings and practices of borders from the perspective of cross-border mobility:A case study of village X, Hekou,Yunnan at the Sino-Vietnamese borderlands[J]. Geographical Research, 2016,35(8):1535-1546.]
[17]Sandtner M, Eder S. Common spirit in the upper Rhine Valley[M]//Kaplan D, H?kli J. Boundaries and Place:European Borderlands in Context. Lanham MD:Rowman and Littlefield, 2002:141-158.
[18]Sturgeon J C. Cross-border rubber cultivation between China and Laos:Regionalization by Akha and Tai rubber farmers[J]. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 2012,34(1):70-85.
[19]Wang C. Bridging borders in the global city:Negotiating sameness and difference in Hong Kong's skilled immigrants from mainland China[J]. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 2012,13(4):565-581.
[20]Smart A, Smart J. Transnational social networks and negotiated identities in interactions between Hong Kong and China[M]//Smith M P, Guarnico L E. Transnationalism from Below. New Brunswick:Transaction Publishers, 1998:103-129.
[21]Smart A. Sharp edges, fuzzy categories and trans-border networks:Managing and housing new arrivals in Hong Kong[J]. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2003,26(2):218-233.
[22]Amante M F. Recovering the paradox of the border:Identity and(un)familiarity across the Portuguese-Spanish border[J]. European Planning Studies, 2013,21(1):24-41.
[23]Sidaway J D. The poetry of boundaries[M]//Rajaram P K, GrundyWarr C. In Borderscapes:Hidden Geographies and Politics of Territory's Edges. Minneapolis, MN:University of Minnesota Press,2008:161-181.
[24]Collins K. Life in the US-Mexican border region:Residents'perceptions of the place[J]. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 2013,28(1):127-146.
[25]Trillosantamaría J M. Cross-border regions:The gap between the elite's projects and people's awareness. Reflections from the Galicia-North Portugal Euroregion[J]. Journal of Borderlands Studies,2014,29(2):257-273.
[26]Anderson J. Understanding Cultural Geography:Places and Traces[M]. New York:Routledge, 2015:119-131.
[27]Orittiz A, Garicia-Ramon M D, Prats M. Women's use of public space and sense of place in the Raval(Barcelona)[J]. GeoJournal,2004,61(3):219-227.
[28]Stedman R. Is it really just a social construction?:The contribution of the physical environment to sense of place[J]. Society&Natural Resources, 2003,16(8):671-685.
[29]Jorgensen B S, Stedman R C. A comparative analysis of predictors of sense of place dimensions:Attachment to, dependence on, and identification with lakeshore properties[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006,79(3):316-327.
[30]吴莉萍,周尚意.城市化对乡村社区地方感的影响分析:以北京三个乡村社区为例[J].北京社会科学,2009(2):30-35.[Wu Liping,Zhou Shangyi. Urbanization impacts on sense of place for rural communities:A case study of three villages in Beijing[J]. Social Science of Beijing, 2009(2):30-35.]
[31]唐文跃,张捷,罗浩.九寨沟自然观光地旅游者地方感特征分析[J].地理学报,2007,64(6):599-608.[Tang Wenyue, Zhang Jie, Luo Hao. The characteristics of natural scenery sightseers sense of place:A case study of Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2007,64(6):599-608.]
[32]Rose G. Place and identity:A sense of place[M]//Massey D, Jess P.A Place in the Word? Place, Culture and Globalization. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1995:87-132.
[33]Billig M. Sense of place in the neighborhood, in locations of urban revitalization[J]. GeoJournal, 2005,64(2):117-130.
[34]朱竑,李如铁,苏斌原.微观视角下的移民地方感及其影响因素——以广州市城中村移民为例[J].地理学报,2016,71(4):637-648.[Zhu Hong, Li Rutie, Su Binyuan. The migrants'sense of place and its influencing factors on a microcosmic perspective:A case study of the migrants in the urban villages in Guangzhou[J]. Acta Geogrphical Sinica, 2016,71(4):637-648.]
[35]Casey E. Between geography and philosophy:What does it mean to be in the place-world?[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2001,91(4):683-693.
[36]朱竑,刘博.地方感、地方依恋与地方认同等概念的辨析及研究启示[J].华南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011(1):1-8.[Zhu Hong,Liu Bo. Constructs analysis and research implications:Sense of place, place attachment and place identity[J]. Journal of South China Normal University:Natural Science Edition, 2011(1):1-8.]
[37]许振晓,张捷,Geoffrey W,等.居民地方感对区域旅游发展支持度影响:以九寨沟旅游核心社区为例[J].地理学报,2009,64(6):736-744.[Xu Zhenxiao, Zhang Jie, Geoffrey W, et al. Research on influence of residents place attachment on positive attitude to tourism with a mediator of development expectation:A case of core tourism community in Jiuzhaigou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009,64(6):736-744.]
[38]苏勤,钱树伟.世界遗产地旅游者地方感影响关系及机理分析——以苏州古典园林为例[J].地理学报,2012,67(8):1137-1148.[Su Qin, Qian Shuwei. Influence relationship and mechanism of tourists'sense of place in world heritage sites:A case study of the classical gardens of Suzhou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012,67(8):1137-1148.]
[39]Hardwick S W, Mansfield G. Discourse, identity and'homeland as other'at the borderlands[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2009,99(2):383-405.
[40]吴明隆.结构方程模型——AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:37-68.[Wu Minglong. Structural Equation Modeling:Operation and Application of AMOS[M]. Chongqing:Chongqing University Press, 2010:37-68.]