不同槽配合格栅型直线感应电机电磁特性研究
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摘要
为了削弱横向边端效应,增大电磁推力,提出格栅型次级作为直线电机新型的拓扑结构。依据电磁场理论,采用有限元分析方法,建立了两类格栅型次级直线感应电机的有限元模型,在瞬态场下,分析了格栅型次级直线感应电机在不同初次级的槽配合时,两类格栅型次级直线感应电机推力、法向力的变化以及波动,对比分析了格栅型次级板与平板型次级的涡流分布以及横向气隙磁场的分布。考虑法向力的影响,计算了在合适槽配合下格栅型次级直线电机的净推力特性,同时得出了两类次级结构产生电磁推力和法向力随速度的变化曲线。通过以上的有限元分析,为直线感应电机优化设计提供了理论参考。
In order to weaken the transverse end effect and increase the electromagnetic thrust,the ladder-type secondary was proposed as a new topology of linear motors. Based on the theory of electromagnetic field,the finite element analysis method was used to establish the finite element model of linear induction motor with two types of ladder-type secondary. In the transient field,the variation of the thrust and normal force amplitude and the fluctuation of force of linear induction motors with the two types of ladder-type secondary under different slot combinations were analyzed,besides,the eddy current distribution and the transverse air gap magnetic field distribution in ladder-type secondary and flat secondary were analyzed and compared. Considering the influence of the normal force,the net thrust characteristics of linear motor with the ladder-type secondaries were calculated under suitable slot combination,in the meantime the variation curves of the electromagnetic thrust and the normal force of two types of laddertype secondary with the velocity were obtained. Through the above finite element analysis,it provides a theoretical reference for the optimization design of linear induction motor.
In order to weaken the transverse end effect and increase the electromagnetic thrust,the ladder-type secondary was proposed as a new topology of linear motors. Based on the theory of electromagnetic field,the finite element analysis method was used to establish the finite element model of linear induction motor with two types of ladder-type secondary. In the transient field,the variation of the thrust and normal force amplitude and the fluctuation of force of linear induction motors with the two types of ladder-type secondary under different slot combinations were analyzed,besides,the eddy current distribution and the transverse air gap magnetic field distribution in ladder-type secondary and flat secondary were analyzed and compared. Considering the influence of the normal force,the net thrust characteristics of linear motor with the ladder-type secondaries were calculated under suitable slot combination,in the meantime the variation curves of the electromagnetic thrust and the normal force of two types of laddertype secondary with the velocity were obtained. Through the above finite element analysis,it provides a theoretical reference for the optimization design of linear induction motor.
引文
[1]吕刚.城市轨道交通车辆概论[M].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2011:187-189.
[2] LU Qinfen,LI Yanxin,YE Yunyue,et al. Investigation of forces in linear induction motor under different slip frequency for low-speed maglev application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2013,28(1):145.
[3]司纪凯,艾立旺,韩俊波,等.直线感应电机空载速度特性分析[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(07):37.SI Jikai,AI Liwang,HAN Junbo,et al. Characteristic analysis of no-load speed of linear induction motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(07):37.
[4]史黎明,何晋伟,王珂,等.直线感应电机间接磁场定向悬浮牵引联合控制[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(02):179.SHI Liming,HE Jinwei,WANG Ke,et al. Combined control of levitation and propulsion for linear induction motor based on IFO method[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2009,13(02):179.
[5] OBERRETL T K. Einseitig'er Linearmotor mit Kfig'im Sekundrteil[J]. Archiv Für Elektrotechnik,1974,56(6):305.
[6] GIERAS J F. Simplified theory of double-sided linear induction motor with squirrel-cage elastic secondary[J]. IEE Proceedings,Part B:Electric Power Applications,1983,130(6):424.
[7] KOSEKI T,SONE S,YOKOI T,et al. Investigation of secondary slot pitches of a cage-type linear induction motor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):2944.
[8] LEE B J,KOO D H,CHO Y H. Investigation of linear induction motor according to secondary conductor structure[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(6):2839.
[9]叶云岳,卢琴芬,张高圣.直线电机轨道交通用栅形直线电机次级装置:中国,CN104348328A[P]. 2015-02-11.
[10] YAMAGUCHI T,ITO M,MATSUI K. A novel improvement strategy for the thrust of linear induction motor using modified ladder slits[C]//IEEE Industry Applications Society Meeting,Oct. 5,1997,New Orleans,LA,USA. 1997:373-377.
[11] YAMAGUCHI T,ITO M,MATSUI K. Improvement of thrust of linear induction motor using modified ladder slits[C]//Power Conversion Conference-Nagaoka Proceedings of the IEEE,Aug.6,1997,Nagaoka,Japan. 1997:563-566.
[12]张志华,史黎明,李耀华.栅格次级双边直线感应电机特性[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):103.ZHANG Zhihua, SHI Liming, LI Yaohua. Characteristics of double sided linear induction motor with ladder slit type secondary[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):103.
[13] YOON S B,JUNG I S,KIM K C,et al. Analysis and optimal design of the slit type low speed linear induction motor[C]//Electric Machines and Drives Conference Record,May 18,1997,Milwaukee,WI,USA. 1997:TB2/8. 1-TB2/8. 3.
[14]陈世坤.电机与设计(第二版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012:240-246.
[15]吕刚,范瑜,马云双.直线感应电机推力和法向力的解析计算与分析[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(03):77.LV Gang,FAN Yu,MA Yunshuang. Characteristic analysis of linear induction traction motor for urban rail transit[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(03):77.
[2] LU Qinfen,LI Yanxin,YE Yunyue,et al. Investigation of forces in linear induction motor under different slip frequency for low-speed maglev application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2013,28(1):145.
[3]司纪凯,艾立旺,韩俊波,等.直线感应电机空载速度特性分析[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(07):37.SI Jikai,AI Liwang,HAN Junbo,et al. Characteristic analysis of no-load speed of linear induction motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(07):37.
[4]史黎明,何晋伟,王珂,等.直线感应电机间接磁场定向悬浮牵引联合控制[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(02):179.SHI Liming,HE Jinwei,WANG Ke,et al. Combined control of levitation and propulsion for linear induction motor based on IFO method[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2009,13(02):179.
[5] OBERRETL T K. Einseitig'er Linearmotor mit Kfig'im Sekundrteil[J]. Archiv Für Elektrotechnik,1974,56(6):305.
[6] GIERAS J F. Simplified theory of double-sided linear induction motor with squirrel-cage elastic secondary[J]. IEE Proceedings,Part B:Electric Power Applications,1983,130(6):424.
[7] KOSEKI T,SONE S,YOKOI T,et al. Investigation of secondary slot pitches of a cage-type linear induction motor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):2944.
[8] LEE B J,KOO D H,CHO Y H. Investigation of linear induction motor according to secondary conductor structure[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(6):2839.
[9]叶云岳,卢琴芬,张高圣.直线电机轨道交通用栅形直线电机次级装置:中国,CN104348328A[P]. 2015-02-11.
[10] YAMAGUCHI T,ITO M,MATSUI K. A novel improvement strategy for the thrust of linear induction motor using modified ladder slits[C]//IEEE Industry Applications Society Meeting,Oct. 5,1997,New Orleans,LA,USA. 1997:373-377.
[11] YAMAGUCHI T,ITO M,MATSUI K. Improvement of thrust of linear induction motor using modified ladder slits[C]//Power Conversion Conference-Nagaoka Proceedings of the IEEE,Aug.6,1997,Nagaoka,Japan. 1997:563-566.
[12]张志华,史黎明,李耀华.栅格次级双边直线感应电机特性[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):103.ZHANG Zhihua, SHI Liming, LI Yaohua. Characteristics of double sided linear induction motor with ladder slit type secondary[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):103.
[13] YOON S B,JUNG I S,KIM K C,et al. Analysis and optimal design of the slit type low speed linear induction motor[C]//Electric Machines and Drives Conference Record,May 18,1997,Milwaukee,WI,USA. 1997:TB2/8. 1-TB2/8. 3.
[14]陈世坤.电机与设计(第二版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012:240-246.
[15]吕刚,范瑜,马云双.直线感应电机推力和法向力的解析计算与分析[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(03):77.LV Gang,FAN Yu,MA Yunshuang. Characteristic analysis of linear induction traction motor for urban rail transit[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(03):77.