隧道型钢拱架打孔对其刚度影响分析
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摘要
在软弱围岩隧道施工中常采用型钢拱架进行支护,但当拱架间距小于1 m时,施作超前小导管的外张角难以控制。为减小超前小导管外张角,现场施工中采用了型钢拱架腹板打孔的方法。文章通过建立拱架三维模型,计算了不同打孔范围、不同打孔密度情况下拱架的变形情况,研究了型钢拱架腹板打孔对拱架和支护体系的刚度影响。结合现场对比试验,根据初期支护变形、围岩压力和拱架内力的实测情况,提出打孔间距是影响拱架刚度的主要因素。在本工程条件下拱架腹板打孔的安全间距为40 cm及以上,其对拱架刚度的削弱程度小于4%,对整个初期支护体系的刚度几乎没有影响。
Steel arch is often used as supporting element in soft rock tunnelling,while it is difficult to control the external angle of advanced condulet when the distance between two rows of steel arch is less than 1 m.In order to reduce the external angle,perforation in web of steel arch was conducted during site construction.A 3 D model was established to calculate the deformation of steel arch under different ranges and densities of perforation,and the influence of perforation on stiffness of steel arch and support system was studied.In light of the results of contrast test,measured deformation of primary support,pressure of surrounding rock and internal force of steel arch,it is found that perforation interval is the main factor affecting stiffness of steel arch;for the studied tunnel project,the recommended safe perforation interval of steel arch is 40 cm or larger than 40 cm,with stiffness decrease of the steel arch being less than 4% and the stiffness of primary support being barely decreased.
Steel arch is often used as supporting element in soft rock tunnelling,while it is difficult to control the external angle of advanced condulet when the distance between two rows of steel arch is less than 1 m.In order to reduce the external angle,perforation in web of steel arch was conducted during site construction.A 3 D model was established to calculate the deformation of steel arch under different ranges and densities of perforation,and the influence of perforation on stiffness of steel arch and support system was studied.In light of the results of contrast test,measured deformation of primary support,pressure of surrounding rock and internal force of steel arch,it is found that perforation interval is the main factor affecting stiffness of steel arch;for the studied tunnel project,the recommended safe perforation interval of steel arch is 40 cm or larger than 40 cm,with stiffness decrease of the steel arch being less than 4% and the stiffness of primary support being barely decreased.
引文
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[2]朱春阳,徐友樟.隧道钢拱架支护的施工要点[J].西部探矿工程,2009,21(增):245-246.ZHU Chunyang,XU Youzhang.The Construction Points of Tunneling with Arch Supporting[J].West-china Exploration Engineering,2009,21(S):245-246.
[3]文竞舟,张永兴,王成,姜兆华.钢拱架应力反分析隧道初期支护力学性能的研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(2):170-175.WEN Jingzhou,ZHANG Yongxing,WANG Cheng,JIANG Zhaohua.Back Analysis for the Mechanical Properties of Initial Tunnel Support Based on Steel Arch Stresses[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(2):170-175.
[4]李树忱,冯丙阳,马腾飞,李术才,平洋.隧道格栅拱架喷射混凝土支护力学特性[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(增1):57-63.LI Shuchen,FENG Bingyang,MA Tengfei,LI Shucai,PING Yang.Mechanics Behavior of Lattice Girder Reinforced Shotcrete Support for Tunnels[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(S1):57-63.
[5]岳健,冷伍明,赵春彦,肖明清,王腾飞.水下浅埋小间距隧道型钢拱架受力性状的监测及分析[J].工业建筑,2011,41(1):86-92.YUE Jian,LENG Wuming,ZHAO Chunyan,XIAO Mingqing,WANG Tengfei.Field Monitoring and Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Section Steel Frame for the Shallow and Small Spacing Underwater Tunnel[J].Industrial Building,2011,41(1):86-92.
[6]颜治国,戴俊.隧道钢拱架支护的失稳破坏分析与对策[J].西安科技大学学报,2012,32(3):348-352.YAN Zhiguo,DAI Jun.Analysis of the Stability Loss and Failure of H-shaped Steel Arch Tunnel Support and Counter-measures[J].Journal of Xi′an University of Science and Technology,2012,32(3):348-352.
[7]曲直.公路隧道钢拱架支护结构稳定性预判研究[J].公路隧道,2014(2):6-9+53.QU Zhi.Prediction Study on Stability of Support Structure of Arch Frame in Highway Tunnel[J].Road Tunnel,2014(2):6-9+53.
[8]左乾坤,李天斌,孟陆波,郑永雄.隧道钢拱架支护结构受力特征的数值模拟分析[J].中外公路,2011,31(4):196-199.ZUO Qiankun,LI Tianbin,MENG Lubo,ZHENG Yongxiong.Numerical Simulation Analysis of Structure Stress Characteristic with Steel Arch Supporting in Tunnel[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2011,31(4):196-199.