面向应力剥层测量的铝合金电解工艺研究
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摘要
X射线衍射法可以无损测量表面残余应力,但需要结合剥层法才能测量材料一定深度上的残余应力。设计了一种电化学剥层的装置,采用NaCl溶液作为电解液,可以对金属平面小区域进行材料去除,电解深度可精确控制。以铝合金材料为例,试验优选出电解加工参数电流密度为23.87A/cm~2和电解液流量为1200cm~3/min。通过对数据拟合曲线进行优化处理,标定了实际深度蚀除速度约为7.42μm/s。对铣削铝合金板进行表层残余应力测量,测量结果符合一般铣削铝合金残余应力分布规律。
The X-ray diffraction method can measure the residual stress on the surface without damage,but it is necessary to combine the stripping method to measure the residual stress at a certain depth of the material.An electrochemical stripping device is designed,by using NaCl solution as the electrolyte,the material can be removed from the small areas of the metal plane,and the electrolysis depth can be precisely controlled.Taking the aluminum alloy material as an example,the optimal current density is 23.87 A/cm~2 and the electrolyte flow rate is 1200 cm~3/min.By optimizing the fitting curve of the data,the actual speed of corrosion depth is about 7.42 μm/s.The residual stress of the milled aluminum alloy plate is measured in surface layer,and the measurement results are in accordance with the residual stress distribution law of the general milled aluminum alloy.
The X-ray diffraction method can measure the residual stress on the surface without damage,but it is necessary to combine the stripping method to measure the residual stress at a certain depth of the material.An electrochemical stripping device is designed,by using NaCl solution as the electrolyte,the material can be removed from the small areas of the metal plane,and the electrolysis depth can be precisely controlled.Taking the aluminum alloy material as an example,the optimal current density is 23.87 A/cm~2 and the electrolyte flow rate is 1200 cm~3/min.By optimizing the fitting curve of the data,the actual speed of corrosion depth is about 7.42 μm/s.The residual stress of the milled aluminum alloy plate is measured in surface layer,and the measurement results are in accordance with the residual stress distribution law of the general milled aluminum alloy.
引文
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[3]罗子华,胡永会,袁海洋.无损测量铝板表层残余应力的方法[J].铸造技术,2014(8):1899-1901.
[4]江小辉.残余应力生成机理及复杂薄壁件加工精度控制方法研究[D].上海:东华大学,2014.
[5]唐志涛.航空铝合金残余应力及切削加工变形研究[D].济南:山东大学,2008.
[6]Tang Z T,Liu Z Q,Wan Y,et al.Study on residual stresses in milling aluminium alloy 7050-T7451[J].Advanced Design and Manufacture to Gain a Competitive Edge,2008,12(3):169-178.
[7]GB/T 7704-2017,无损检测 X射线应力测定方法[S].
[8]曹凤国.电化学加工[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.
[9]刘振学,黄仁和,田爱民.试验设计与数据处理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[10]叶璋,王婧辰,陈禹锡,等.基于二维面探的高温合金GH4169残余应力分析[J].表面技术,2016,45(4):1-4.
[11]黄伯云,李成功,石力开,等.有色金属材料手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009.