用于环保型C-GIS的氮气及干燥空气正极性雷电冲击特性研究
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摘要
采用氮气或干燥空气替代SF6作为绝缘介质是目前环保型柜式气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(C-GIS)的研究热点。要保证气箱内部结构紧凑、小型化的特征,需要充分掌握气体介质的绝缘特性,寻找电场均匀度对气体高压击穿特性的影响规律。文中研究了在0.10、0.15 MPa压力下,不同电极形式、电极间隙下的两种绝缘气体的正极性雷电冲击耐压特性。数据对比表明:干燥空气相比氮气具有更高的正极性雷电冲击电压击穿特性。同时总结了最大击穿场强E_(max)与电场均匀度刀之间的关系,得到C-GIS绝缘结构设计方面的关键判据。
Using nitrogen and dry air to replace SF_6 as the insulation material for eco-friendly cubic gas insulated switchgear(C-GIS) is very popular nowadays. To ensure the characteristics of compact structure and small size, engineers have to fully understand the insulation characteristics of the substitute gases. This article studies the fundamental properties of dry air and N_2 as the insulation medium from the respects of different electrode forms or electrodes gaps at 0.1 MPa and 0.15 MPa gas pressures. Comparison of experimental data indicates that the insulation withstand level of dry air is higher than Nitrogen for the positive lightning voltage. Simultaneously, we conclude the relation between the E_(max)(maximum electric field strength) and the η(electric field utilization) as the critical criterion of the C-GIS insulation structure designing.
Using nitrogen and dry air to replace SF_6 as the insulation material for eco-friendly cubic gas insulated switchgear(C-GIS) is very popular nowadays. To ensure the characteristics of compact structure and small size, engineers have to fully understand the insulation characteristics of the substitute gases. This article studies the fundamental properties of dry air and N_2 as the insulation medium from the respects of different electrode forms or electrodes gaps at 0.1 MPa and 0.15 MPa gas pressures. Comparison of experimental data indicates that the insulation withstand level of dry air is higher than Nitrogen for the positive lightning voltage. Simultaneously, we conclude the relation between the E_(max)(maximum electric field strength) and the η(electric field utilization) as the critical criterion of the C-GIS insulation structure designing.
引文
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[16] KIM J Y, KIM Y M, SEOK B Y, et al. A study on the lightning impulse breakdown characteristics of dry air for design of eco-friendly electric power apparatus[C]//18th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering. Seoul, Korea:ISH, 2013:1-4.
[17] SATO S, INOUE N, ARIOKA M, et al. Development of compressed air insulation technology for C-GIS[J]. IEEJ Transaction on Power and Energy, 2004, 124(9):1132-1138.
[18]张交锁.中压环保型气体绝缘开关设备的实现及关键技术[J].中国电业,2014(6):35-38.ZHANG Jiaosuo. Key technology and realization of SF_6-free environmental friendly medium voltage gas insulated switchgear[J]. China Electric Power. 2014(6):35-38.
[19]周柏杰,谭东现.氮气环网柜中复合绝缘的工频特性研究[J].高压电器,2016, 52(12):80-86.ZHOU Baijie,TAN Dongxian. Investigation into the characteristics of composite insulation in nitrogen insulated ring main unit[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):80-86.
[20]薛健,周柏杰,蔡凡一.氮气气压和电场分布变化下的绝缘子沿面闪络特性[J].高压电器[J],2016,52(12):71-79.XUE Jian, ZHOU Baijie, CAI Fanyi, et al. Surface flashover characteristics of insulator under nitrogen pressure and electric field distribution[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):71-79.
[21]蔡凡一,薛健,周柏杰,等.球板电极下N_2的绝缘特性以及水分的影响.高压电器,2016, 52(12):87-92.CAI Fanyi, XUE Jian, ZHOU Baijie, et al. Insulation characteristics of N_2 in sphere-plate electrodes and the effect of humidity[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):87-92.
[22]吴锴,秦楷,孙常浩,等.电负性气体对局部放电特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(6):1372-1378.WU Kai, QIN Kai, SUN Changhao, et al. Effect of electronegative gas on partial discharge characteristics[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(6):1372-1378.
[2] KLINE L E, DAVIES D,CHEN C, et al. Dielectric properties for SF_6 and SF6 mixtures predicted from basic data[J].Journal of Applied Physics, 1979, 50(11):6789-6796.
[3] YAMAMOTO O, TAKUMA T, HAMADA S, et al. Applying a gas mixture containing C-C_4F_8 as an insulation medium[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2001,8(6):1075-1081.
[4]周泽存,沈其工,方瑜,等.高电压技术[M]. 2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2004:29-35.ZHOU Zecun, SHEN Qigong, FAN Yu, et al. High voltage technology[M]. 2nd edition. Beijing:China Electric Power Press, 2004:29-35.
[5] YANNICK K,FRANCOIS B,PHILIPPE P,et al. SF_6alternative development for high voltage switchgears[C]//2015 IEEE PES General Meeting. Denver:IEEE Power&Energy Society,2015:379-383.
[6]钱立晓,陈慎言.12-24 kV氮气绝缘环网柜的研制[J].高电压技术,2014, 40(12):3717-3724.QIAN Lixiao, CHEN Shenyan. Research and design of 12-24 kV nitrogen insulated ring main unit[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(12):3717-3724.
[7] MANTILLA J D, GARIBOLDI N, GROB S, et al. Investigation of the insulation performance of a new gas mixture with extremely low GWP[C]//Electrical Insulation Conference. Philadelphia, PA:IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society, 2014:1-5.
[8]邓云坤,肖登明,陈炯.CF_3I-N_2混合气体作为SF6替代气体用于GIS/C-GIS的绝缘性能分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(9):2288-2293.DENG Yunkun, XIAO Dengming, CHEN Jiong. Insulation performance of CF_3I-N_2 gas mixtures as alternative for SF_6 in GIS/C-GIS[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013, 39(9):2288-2293.
[9]邓云坤.环保型绝缘气体CF_3I在电气设备中的应用基础研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2016.DENG Yunkun. Basic research of the environmentally friendly insulating gas CF_3I for its application in electric power apparatus[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2016.
[10] TAKEDA T,MATSUOKA S, KUMADA A, et al. Sparkover characteristics in CF_3I gas and CF_3I/N_2 gas mixture under non-uniform field gaps[J]. IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, 2010, 130(9):813-818.
[11] KASUYA H, KAWAMURA Y, MIZOGUCHI H, et al. Interruption capability and decomposed gas density of CF_3I as a substitute for SF_6 gas[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2010, 17(4):1196-1203.
[12] CRESSAULT Y, CONNORD V, HINGANA H, et al. Transport properties of CF_3I thermal plasmas mixed with CO_2,air or N_2 as an alternative to SF_6 plasmas in high-voltage circuit breakers[J]. Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics,2011,44(49):5202.
[13] HYRENBACH M, HINTZEN T, MULLER P, et al. Alternative gas insulation in medium-voltage switchgear[C]//23rd International Conference on Electricity Distribution.Lyon:[s.n.], 2015:1-5.
[14] SIMKA P, RANJAN N. Dielectric strength of C_5 perfluoroketone[C]//19th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering. Pilsen, Czech Republic:[s.n.],2015:23-28.
[15] LIM S B. Study on oxygen/nitrogen gas mixtures for the surface insulation performance in gas insulated switchgear[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2015, 22(3):1567-1576.
[16] KIM J Y, KIM Y M, SEOK B Y, et al. A study on the lightning impulse breakdown characteristics of dry air for design of eco-friendly electric power apparatus[C]//18th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering. Seoul, Korea:ISH, 2013:1-4.
[17] SATO S, INOUE N, ARIOKA M, et al. Development of compressed air insulation technology for C-GIS[J]. IEEJ Transaction on Power and Energy, 2004, 124(9):1132-1138.
[18]张交锁.中压环保型气体绝缘开关设备的实现及关键技术[J].中国电业,2014(6):35-38.ZHANG Jiaosuo. Key technology and realization of SF_6-free environmental friendly medium voltage gas insulated switchgear[J]. China Electric Power. 2014(6):35-38.
[19]周柏杰,谭东现.氮气环网柜中复合绝缘的工频特性研究[J].高压电器,2016, 52(12):80-86.ZHOU Baijie,TAN Dongxian. Investigation into the characteristics of composite insulation in nitrogen insulated ring main unit[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):80-86.
[20]薛健,周柏杰,蔡凡一.氮气气压和电场分布变化下的绝缘子沿面闪络特性[J].高压电器[J],2016,52(12):71-79.XUE Jian, ZHOU Baijie, CAI Fanyi, et al. Surface flashover characteristics of insulator under nitrogen pressure and electric field distribution[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):71-79.
[21]蔡凡一,薛健,周柏杰,等.球板电极下N_2的绝缘特性以及水分的影响.高压电器,2016, 52(12):87-92.CAI Fanyi, XUE Jian, ZHOU Baijie, et al. Insulation characteristics of N_2 in sphere-plate electrodes and the effect of humidity[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(12):87-92.
[22]吴锴,秦楷,孙常浩,等.电负性气体对局部放电特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(6):1372-1378.WU Kai, QIN Kai, SUN Changhao, et al. Effect of electronegative gas on partial discharge characteristics[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(6):1372-1378.