鲎素抗菌肽对蛋鸡产蛋后期蛋品质及蛋壳超微结构的影响
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摘要
旨在探索鲎素抗菌肽对海兰褐蛋鸡产蛋后期蛋品质及子宫CaBP-D28k mRNA表达量的影响及其机理探讨。随机选取600只385日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,分为对照组、试验组,每组各3个重复,每个重复100只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加鲎素抗菌肽,鲎素抗菌肽发酵液最适添加剂量为0.01 L/kg,按饲料所需量配比添加,预饲期7 d,试验期35 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组产蛋率提高8.86%(P<0.05),料蛋比、破蛋率分别降低2.68%和12.76%(P>0.05);试验组蛋壳强度比对照组提高了18.97%(P<0.05),哈氏单位、蛋壳相对质量和蛋壳厚度均有上升的趋势;试验组蛋壳表面皴裂纹数较少,裂隙变小,纵切面结构中垂直晶体层完整,栅栏层结构整齐,上下层面平滑,栅栏层气孔数量少,乳头层乳头数目少且宽;试验组蛋鸡子宫内CaBP-D28k mRNA表达水平显著提升(P<0.01)。可见,鲎素抗菌肽可提高CaBP-D28k参与产蛋过程中钙的代谢过程,调控蛋鸡体内钙代谢发挥功能作用。
This experiment was to study the effect of tachyplesin antibacterial peptide on egg quality and expression level of CaBP-D28 kin the matrix during the late laying period and approach to its mechanism in Hy-Line brown layers.A total of 600,385-day-old healthy hens(Hy-Line brown layers)were randomly divided into two groups:control group and test group,with three replicates of100 hens each,respectively.Control group was fed with basal diet,and test group was fed with the some diet added a concentration of 0.01 L/kg tachyplesin antibacterial peptide.The pre-feeding period was 7 d,and the test period was 35 d.The results showed that the egg production rate of the test group increased significantly by 8.86%(P<0.05),the feed-gain ratio and egg breaking rate decreased by 2.68%and 12.76%(P>0.05).The eggshell hardness in the test group was increased by 18.97%(P<0.05),the Hastelic unit,relative eggshell weight and eggshell thickness were increased.Chapped cracks on the surface of eggshells in the test group were few and smaller.Vertical crystal and fence layers of longitudinal section displayed smooth structure,neat upper and lower edges,and less stomata of fence layer.The number of papillae was few and relatively wide.The expression level of CaBP-D28 kmRNA in uterine tissue was significantly increased in the test group(P<0.01).The results indicated that the tachyplesin antimicrobial peptide could improve the calcium metabolism and regulate the function of calcium through increasing CaBP-D28 kexpression in laying hens.
This experiment was to study the effect of tachyplesin antibacterial peptide on egg quality and expression level of CaBP-D28 kin the matrix during the late laying period and approach to its mechanism in Hy-Line brown layers.A total of 600,385-day-old healthy hens(Hy-Line brown layers)were randomly divided into two groups:control group and test group,with three replicates of100 hens each,respectively.Control group was fed with basal diet,and test group was fed with the some diet added a concentration of 0.01 L/kg tachyplesin antibacterial peptide.The pre-feeding period was 7 d,and the test period was 35 d.The results showed that the egg production rate of the test group increased significantly by 8.86%(P<0.05),the feed-gain ratio and egg breaking rate decreased by 2.68%and 12.76%(P>0.05).The eggshell hardness in the test group was increased by 18.97%(P<0.05),the Hastelic unit,relative eggshell weight and eggshell thickness were increased.Chapped cracks on the surface of eggshells in the test group were few and smaller.Vertical crystal and fence layers of longitudinal section displayed smooth structure,neat upper and lower edges,and less stomata of fence layer.The number of papillae was few and relatively wide.The expression level of CaBP-D28 kmRNA in uterine tissue was significantly increased in the test group(P<0.01).The results indicated that the tachyplesin antimicrobial peptide could improve the calcium metabolism and regulate the function of calcium through increasing CaBP-D28 kexpression in laying hens.
引文
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[13] YOSEFI S,BRAW-TAL R,BAR A.Intestinal and eggshell calbindin,and bone ash of laying hens as influenced by age and molting[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol,2003,136(3):673-682.
[2] 张洋,冯新,韩东,等.基因工程鲎素对金黄色葡萄球菌小鼠感染模型治疗效果[J].中国兽医学报,2017,37(4):682-685.
[3] 冯新.重组鲎素的规模化制备及其体内外生物学效应与作用机制[D].吉林长春:吉林大学,2011.
[4] 吕尊周,袁肖笑,朱志刚,等.抗菌肽粗提物对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012(15):47-51.
[5] 王棚,曹原,铁鲲源,等.抗菌肽粗提物对产蛋后期鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、脏器指数、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2018,38(4):819-823.
[6] 张桂凤.影响鸡蛋蛋壳质量的因素分析与应对措施[J].中国家禽,2015(15):44-49.
[7] WELLMAN-LABADIE O,PICMAN J,HINCKE M T.Antimicrobial activity of cuticle and outer eggshell protein extracts from three species of domestic birds[J].Br Poult Sci,2008,49(2):133-143.
[8] SOLOMON S E.Egg and eggshell quality[M].London:Wolfe Pub.,1991:149.
[9] 黄选洋,张克英,王建萍,等.矿物质元素和维生素对鸡蛋壳颜色的影响及其可能机制[J].动物营养学报,2016(9):2687-2694.
[10] DUNN I C,RODRIGUEZ-NAVARRO A B,MCDADE K,et al.Genetic variation in eggshell crystal size and orientation is large and these traits are correlated with shell thickness and are associated with eggshell matrix protein markers[J].Anim Genet,2012,43(4):410-418.
[11] 陈杰,章世元.蛋壳的钙化过程及蛋壳腺的钙代谢调控[J].畜牧与兽医,2010(11):93-96.
[12] VANBELLE C,HALGAND F,CEDERVALL T,et al.Deamidation and disulfide bridge formation in human calbindin D28k with effects on calcium binding[J].Protein Sci,2005,14(4):968-979.
[13] YOSEFI S,BRAW-TAL R,BAR A.Intestinal and eggshell calbindin,and bone ash of laying hens as influenced by age and molting[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol,2003,136(3):673-682.