自适应RaptorQ编码改进配电网LTE通信的可靠性
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摘要
新型配电网终端通过LTE接入主站,无线干扰易增加终端控制指令的IP数据包丢失率,降低配网控制可靠性。恢复丢失的数据包可通过RaptorQ(RQ)编码方法来实现,然而RQ解码错误率的非线性使得最小化RQ冗余码困难。为此,提出自适应RQ编解码器(ARED),采用启发式算法依据丢包率和吞吐量反馈动态调整RQ编码参量,求解次优RQ冗余编码长度。NS-3 LTE中的实验结果说明当信道噪声指数为[18.6,20.5] dB和[25.6,28.7] dB,部署ARED的LTE上行和下行丢包率较原始LTE分别下降64.25%和89.92%。
In the distribution power grid, the new terminal accesses to the substation through LTE, and the wireless interference easily leads to increase in the IP packet loss rate for transmitting terminal control commands, and thus destructing the reliability for distribution power grid control. Recovering these loss packets can be realized by using the RaptorQ(RQ)coding. However, the non-linearity of the RQ failure probability model increases the hardness for minimizing the length of RQ redundancy code. To this end, the Adaptive RQ Encoder and Decoder(ARED)is proposed which exploits the heuristic algorithm to minimize the length of the RQ redundant codes via dynamically adjusting the RQ coding parameters according to feedbacks of the loss rate as well as throughput. The experimental result in the NS-3 LTE demonstrates that, when LTE noise figures are in [18.6, 20.5] dB and [25.6, 28.7] dB, the uplink and downlink loss rates in the LTE deployed with ARED are decreased by 64.35% and 89.92% comparing to those in the raw LTE, respectively.
In the distribution power grid, the new terminal accesses to the substation through LTE, and the wireless interference easily leads to increase in the IP packet loss rate for transmitting terminal control commands, and thus destructing the reliability for distribution power grid control. Recovering these loss packets can be realized by using the RaptorQ(RQ)coding. However, the non-linearity of the RQ failure probability model increases the hardness for minimizing the length of RQ redundancy code. To this end, the Adaptive RQ Encoder and Decoder(ARED)is proposed which exploits the heuristic algorithm to minimize the length of the RQ redundant codes via dynamically adjusting the RQ coding parameters according to feedbacks of the loss rate as well as throughput. The experimental result in the NS-3 LTE demonstrates that, when LTE noise figures are in [18.6, 20.5] dB and [25.6, 28.7] dB, the uplink and downlink loss rates in the LTE deployed with ARED are decreased by 64.35% and 89.92% comparing to those in the raw LTE, respectively.
引文
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[2] International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC).Telecontrol equipment and systems-Part 5-104:transmission protocols:IEC 60870-5-104[S].2006.
[3] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI).Evolved universal terrestrial radio access;multiplexing and channel coding(version 13.0.0 release 13):3GPP TS36.212[S].2016.
[4] Shokrollahi A.Raptor codes[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,2006,52(6):2551-2567.
[5] Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF).RaptorQ forward error correction scheme for object delivery:IETF RFC6330[S].2011
[6] Piro G,Baldo N,Miozzo M.An LTE module for the ns-3network simulator[C]//Proceedings of the 4th International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques,2011:415-422.
[7] Mackay D J C.Fountain codes[J].IEE ProceedingsCommunications,2005,152(6):1062-1068.
[8] Qualcomm.RaptorQ?technical overview[EB/OL].(2010)[2017-12-13].https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/raptorq-technical-overview.pdf.
[9] Cui Y,Wang L,Wang X,et al.FMTCP:a fountain codebased multipath transmission control protocol[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2015,23(2):465-478.
[10] Wu J,Yuen C,Cheng B,et al.Streaming high-quality mobile video with multipath TCP in heterogeneous wireless networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2016,15(9):2345-2361.
[11] Kwon O C,Go Y,Song H.An energy-efficient multimedia streaming transport protocol over heterogeneous wireless networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2016,65(8):6518-6531.
[12] Kucera S,Yu Y,Buddhikot M,et al.Low-latency communications in LTE using spatial diversity and encoding redundancy[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference,2016.
[13]曹震,孙德刚,史林港,等.单向信道的信息可靠传输机制研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2011,47(24):88-92.
[14]张奎力,苏寒松,刘高华,等.一种新型LTE混合自动重传方案[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(19):92-95.
[15] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI).Evolved universal terrestrial radio access network;architecture description(version 13.0.0 release 13):3GPP TS 36.401[S].2016.