深部沿空巷道顶板蝶叶塑性区“低阻微变”性形成机理研究
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摘要
针对深部沿空巷道出现围岩变形剧烈及支护体支护失效严重的围岩控制难题,以赵固二矿11030运输巷为工程背景,采用理论分析和数值模拟等方法,研究支护阻力对深部沿空巷道顶板岩层主应力场及蝶叶塑性区分布特征的影响规律,揭示深部沿空巷道顶板蝶叶塑性区"低阻微变"性形成机理。结果表明:对于深部沿空巷道而言,现有支护工程技术和经济水平所能够提供的高强支护阻力(10~6Pa数量级水平)与围岩所受应力场(10~7Pa数量级水平)不在同一数量级水平上,属于相对较低的支护阻力,不能起到改善围岩应力状态的作用,因而无法显著改变塑性区分布形态和减小塑性区尺寸,顶板蝶叶塑性区具有"低阻微变"性。
To solve the difficulty in controlling surrounding rock in deep gob-side roadway with severe deformation and supporting body with serious failure, with transport roadway 11030 of Zhaogu No.2 Coal Mine as engineering background, the distribution characteristics of main stress field and butterfly leaf plastic zone of surrounding rock roof in deep gob-side roadway with support resistance are studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The influence law reveals the formation mechanism of "low resistance and slight change" in the plastic zone of the roof along the deep roadway. The results have shown that for deep gob-side roadways, the high-strength support resistance(10~6 Pa magnitude level) which can be improved by the existing support engineering and economic level is not the same magnitude level as the stress field(10~7 Pa magnitude level) of surrounding rock. The support resistance is relatively low and cannot improve the stress of surrounding rock. Thus, the distribution pattern of plastic zone cannot be changed significantly and the size of plastic zone can be reduced. The plastic zone of butterfly leaf on the roof has the character of "low resistance and slight change".
To solve the difficulty in controlling surrounding rock in deep gob-side roadway with severe deformation and supporting body with serious failure, with transport roadway 11030 of Zhaogu No.2 Coal Mine as engineering background, the distribution characteristics of main stress field and butterfly leaf plastic zone of surrounding rock roof in deep gob-side roadway with support resistance are studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The influence law reveals the formation mechanism of "low resistance and slight change" in the plastic zone of the roof along the deep roadway. The results have shown that for deep gob-side roadways, the high-strength support resistance(10~6 Pa magnitude level) which can be improved by the existing support engineering and economic level is not the same magnitude level as the stress field(10~7 Pa magnitude level) of surrounding rock. The support resistance is relatively low and cannot improve the stress of surrounding rock. Thus, the distribution pattern of plastic zone cannot be changed significantly and the size of plastic zone can be reduced. The plastic zone of butterfly leaf on the roof has the character of "low resistance and slight change".
引文
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[2]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2803-2813.HE Manchao,XIE Heping,PENG Suping,et al.study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2803-2813.
[3]缪协兴,钱鸣高.中国煤炭资源绿色开采研究现状与展望[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(1):1-14.MIAO Xiexing,QIAN Minggao.Research on green mining of coal resources in China:current status and future prospects[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(1):1-14.
[4]王傲,姚强岭,李学华,等.采动高应力区沿空掘巷锚杆破断机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(4):769-775.WANG Ao,YAO Qiangling,LI Xuehua,et al.Bolt fracture mechanism of roadway driven along gob in high street area caused by mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(4):769-775.
[5]康红普,牛多龙,张镇,等.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.KANG Hongpu,NIU Duolong,ZHANG Zhen,et al.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gob-side entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[6]谢生荣,李世俊,黄肖,等.深部沿空巷道围岩主应力差演化规律与控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(10):2355-2360.XIE Shengrong,LI Shijun,HUANG Xiao,et al.Surrounding rock principal stress difference evolution law and control of gob-side entry driving in deep mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(10):2355-2360.
[7]马其华,王宜泰.深井沿空巷道小煤柱护巷机理及支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):520-523.MA Qihua,WANG Yitai.Mechanism of narrow pillar protecting roadway and support technology of gob-side entry in deep mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(4):520-523.
[8]刘增辉,高谦,华心祝,等.沿空掘巷围岩控制的时效特征[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):465-469.LIU Zenghui,GAO Qian,HUA Xinzhu,et al.Aging characteristics of wall rock control in roadway driving along goaf[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(4):465-469.
[9]杨桂通.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2011:110-112.
[10]马念杰,李季,赵志强.圆形巷道围岩偏应力场及塑性区分布规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(2):206-213.MA Nianjie,LI Ji,ZHAO Zhiqiang.Distribution of the deviatoric stress field and plastic zone in circular roadway surrounding rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(2):206-213.
[11]李季.深部窄煤柱巷道非均匀变形破坏机理及冒顶控制[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.
[12]侯朝炯.巷道围岩控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2013:101-102.
[13]何满潮,郭志飚.恒阻大变形锚杆力学特性及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(7):1297-1308.HE Manchao,GUO Zhibiao.Mechanical property and engineering application of anchor bolt with constant resistance and large deformation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(7):1297-1308.
[14]孙晓明,王冬,王聪,等.恒阻大变形锚杆拉伸力学性能及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(9):1765-1771.SUN Xiaoming,WANG Dong,WANG Cong,et al.Tensile properties and application of constant resistance and large deformation bolts[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(9):1765-1771.
[15]刘洪涛,王飞,王广辉,等.大变形巷道顶板可接长锚杆支护系统性能研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(4):600-607.LIU Hongtao,WANG Fei,WANG Guanghui,et al.Research on lengthening bolt roof support system performance in largely deformed roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(4):600-607.
[16]李季,冯吉成,张胜凯,等.软岩巷道长短锚杆协调支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(3):17-21.LI Ji,FENG Jicheng,ZHANG Shengkai,et al.Study on long and short bolt coordinate support technology of mine soft rock roadway[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(3):17-21.