Gas Pickering Emulsion Templated Hollow Carbon for High Rate Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries

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• 作者：Matthew Li ; Yining Zhang ; Xiaolei Wang ; Wook Ahn ; Gaopeng Jiang ; Kun Feng ; Gregory Lui and Zhongwei Chen
• 刊名：Advanced Functional Materials
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 13, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：26
• 期：46
• 页码：8408-8417
• 全文大小：1546K
• ISSN：1616-3028

文摘

A CO₂ in water nanoparticle stabilized Pickering emulsion is used to template micrometer sized hollow porous nitrogen doped carbon particles for high rate performance lithium sulfur battery. For the first time, nanoparticles serve the dual role of an emulsion stabilizer and a pore template for the shell, directly utilizing in situ generated CO₂ bubbles as template for the core. The minimalistic nature of this method does not require expensive surfactants or additional core templates. Upon polymerization of melamine formaldehyde onto CO₂, a robust polymer/silica composite shell is formed and transformed into a porous shell upon washing. The micrometer-sized hollow morphology in combination with its nitrogen rich porous shell demonstrates impressive rate capabilities of 670 and 500 mAh g⁻¹ even at a high rate of 7C and 9C, respectively. This material also possesses excellent cycle durability, exhibiting a low capacity decay of 0.088%/cycle over 300 cycles. Measurement of the shuttle current and impedance provides interesting insight into the polysulfide mass transfer mechanism of hollow structured sulfur hosts.