Experimental insights into geochemical changes in hydraulically fractured Marcellus Shale

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• 作者：Virginia Marcon^a ; ^b ; ¹ ; Craig Joseph^a ; Kimberly E. Carter^a ; ² ; Sheila W. Hedges^c ; Christina L. Lopano^d ; George D. Guthrie^e ; J. Alexandra Hakala^d ; ^{Alexandra.Hakala@netl.doe.gov}
• 关键词：Marcellus Shale ; Hydraulic fracturing ; Geochemical reactions ; Barite ; Organic acids
• 刊名：Applied Geochemistry
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：76
• 期：Complete
• 页码：36-50
• 全文大小：2801 K
• 卷排序：76

文摘

Metal concentrations could be at their peak in produced waters recovered 24–48 after fracturing. Carbonate dissolution and secondary precipitation is observed in the presence of frac chemicals. Organic acid, benzene and toluene concentrations increased in the experiment with frac chemicals. SI for anhydrite depended on the redox conditions applied during geochemical modeling. Calculations including organic acids decreased SI for barite and increased SI for smectite and carbonates.