• 作者：Todd R. Williams ; Michael F. Oakes
• 关键词：Trace metals ; Mixture toxicity ; Speciation ; Enzyme assay ; Joint action models ; Interaction ; Antagonism ; Synergy
• 刊名：Urology
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：February 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：71
• 期：2
• 页码：352.e5-352.e7
• 全文大小：872 K

Results:

The 16 patients underwent 18 treatment sessions to embolize 27 tumors. There were no intraoperative complications. The post-embolization syndrome occurred in 11 individuals but all responded to medical management. Two individuals had an arterial aneurysm within a tumor. The AML size decreased in the 13 patients who were imaged 3 months after treatment, and the 7 patients who were imaged 3 to 9 years after treatment have shown no tumor regrowth. No renal failure or hemorrhage has developed in patients following embolization.

Conclusions:

Transcatheter embolization of symptomatic or large AMLs due to TSC prevents hemorrhage and renal loss. The treatment is minimally invasive, preserves renal function, and can be performed multiple times. All of the patients who underwent followup renal imaging after embolization showed decreased AML size, and none of the 16 patients has developed renal loss or renal insufficiency in these individuals. Embolization should be considered the initial treatment of choice for large or symptomatic AMLs.