Prostate cancer is an androgen-dependent tumor, relying on the androgen receptor (AR).

Translational research focuses on the identification of biomarkers predictive of treatment response.

Recent advances highlighted the role of androgen receptor splice variants (AR-Vs), mainly AR-V7, as potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers.

ARv-V7 seems to be a prognostic marker of aggressive cancer behavior, being associated with shorter survival in CRPC patients.

AR-V7 seems to be involved in limiting the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapies, in mediating resistance to enzalutamide and abiraterone, and in influencing the prostate cancer sensibility to anti-microtubules chemotherapeutics.