Serum levels of PECAM-1 and VCAM-1 could correlate with the risk of progression to MS after first optic neuritis incident.

sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels during first optic neuritis are lower in subjects progressing to MS in a 7-year follow-up.

In our cohort only 2 out of 5 AQP4-IgG (+) optic neuritis patients developed clinically definite NMO in a 7-year follow-up.

Although AQP4-IgGs are considered highly NMO-specific, it remains uncertain if they may appear in other autoimmune diseases.