We investigate teacher characteristics, classroom- and school features and leadership in relation to teachers' self-efficacy.

We go beyond previous studies by including multiple countries.

We analyse 44,000 teachers in 2,800 schools in 14 OECD countries based on the 2008 Teaching and Learning International Survey.

Characteristics like the students' achievement or SES are relevant internationally.

The principal's work-experience and leadership style were significant predictors of TSE.