We surveyed 728 advanced heart failure cardiologists (AHFMDs) on practice patterns, workload, and compensation, and 224 (31%) responded.

The overall percentage of time spent in clinical care was lower for AHFMDs in academic centers (AMCs), with a similar time concentrated on evaluation and management services.

The total work-relative value units (wRVUs) generated by AHFMDs was lower in AMCs, and these wRVUs were compensated at lower level than in non-AMCs.

AHFMDs' compensation is largely dependent on practice type (AMC vs non-AMC) and clinical productivity as measured by wRVUs.