Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial

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• 作者：Judson A. Brewer  ; ;   ; ^{judson.brewer@yale.edu} ; Sarah Mallik ; Theresa A. Babuscio ; Charla Nich ; Hayley E. Johnson ; Cameron M. Deleone ; Candace A. Minnix-Cotton ; Shannon A. Byrne ; Hedy Kober ; Andrea J. Weinstein ; Kathleen M. Carroll ; Bruce J. Rounsaville
• 关键词：Tobacco ; Nicotine dependence ; Mindfulness ; Behavioral treatment ; Addiction
• 刊名：Drug and Alcohol Dependence
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：1 December 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：119
• 期：1-2
• 页码：72-80
• 全文大小：658 K

文摘

Background

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world, and long-term abstinence rates remain modest. Mindfulness training (MT) has begun to show benefits in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety and more recently, in addictions. However, MT has not been evaluated for smoking cessation through randomized clinical trials.

Methods

88 treatment-seeking, nicotine-dependent adults who were smoking an average of 20 cigarettes/day were randomly assigned to receive MT or the American Lung Association's freedom from smoking (FFS) treatment. Both treatments were delivered twice weekly over 4 weeks (eight sessions total) in a group format. The primary outcomes were expired-air carbon monoxide-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence and number of cigarettes/day at the end of the 4-week treatment and at a follow-up interview at week 17.

Results

88 % of individuals received MT and 84 % of individuals received FFS completed treatment. Compared to those randomized to the FFS intervention, individuals who received MT showed a greater rate of reduction in cigarette use during treatment and maintained these gains during follow-up (F = 11.11, p = .001). They also exhibited a trend toward greater point prevalence abstinence rate at the end of treatment (36 % vs. 15 % , p = .063), which was significant at the 17-week follow-up (31 % vs. 6 % , p = .012).

Conclusions

This initial trial of mindfulness training may confer benefits greater than those associated with current standard treatments for smoking cessation.