Recovery of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from dilute water solution by foam flotation
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Metal activators enhanced the foam separation of perfluorooctanonic surfactants.

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The foam separation efficiency follow the order: Fe(III) ⩾ La(III) > Al(III) > Ca(II) > Fe(II) > K(I).

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Perfluorooctanonic surfactants had >99% removal efficiency using 11.5 mM of Fe(III) in 5 min.

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Acidic pH, e.g., 2.3 favored the foam separation of perfluorooctanonic surfactants.

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Adjusting the pH of the foamate to 7.0, ca. 84–91% of perfluorooctanonic surfactants were recovered.

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