Ciphertext-only attack (COA) on the class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0020019016301338&_mathId=si1.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0020019016301338&_rdoc=1&_issn=00200190&md5=b8c4cdad6c167eca56e592ff1f31e3f4" title="Click to view the MathML source">d×dclass="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> Hill cipher is studied.
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A common belief repeated in several modern crypto textbooks about security of Hill against COA is disproved.
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Computational complexity of COA is dramatically reduced from class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0020019016301338&_mathId=si4.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0020019016301338&_rdoc=1&_issn=00200190&md5=67ee6d715f94405130ac178e056e774b" title="Click to view the MathML source">O(d326d2)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> down to class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0020019016301338&_mathId=si5.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0020019016301338&_rdoc=1&_issn=00200190&md5=7aed03cd747a17aa64341b1336898048" title="Click to view the MathML source">O(d13d)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">.
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A rigorous analysis using information theoretic tools is performed.
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Simulation results confirm the theoretical analyses.
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