Size-controllable g-C3N4 quantum dots (QDs) were in-situ synthesized and grafted onto single-crystalline TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) via nanotube-confinement effect.
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The g-C3N4 QDs and the multiple light reflections in TiO2-NTAs promoted light harvesting owing to its narrow band gap and upconversion of QDs.
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The single-crystal TiO2 formed during the synthesis of g-C3N4 favored the photoelectron transfer, and g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunctions promoted the separation of photoelectrons from holes.
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The strong g-C3N4/TiO2 interaction and the confinement effect of TiO2-NTAs inhibited self-gathering and leaching of g-C3N4 QDs, resulting excellent stability in photoelectrocatalysis.
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